Introduction to Radiometry and Photometry, Second Edition

Name: Introduction to Radiometry and Photometry, Second Edition
Brand: Artech House
Price: 167.99 EUR
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William Ross Mccluney(Author)

Artech House (Publisher)

1st Edition

Published on 1. January 2014

480 pages

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978-1-60807-834-9 (ISBN)

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Content

Intro
Contents
Introduction
End Notes
Acknowledgments
1 Fundamental Concepts of Radiometry
1.1 Electromagnetic Radiation
1.2 Terminology Conventions
1.3 Wavelength Notations and Solid Angle
1.4 Fundamental Definitions
1.5 Lambertian Radiators and Lambert's Cosine Law
1.6 Radiance, Irradiance, Intensity, and Flux Relationships
1.7 Connection with Electromagnetic Theory
1.8 Polarization
1.9 Photon Flux
1.10 Radiometric Information
End Notes
2 Fundamental Concepts of Photometry
2.1 Light
2.2 Photometric Definitions
2.2.1 Radiation Luminous Efficacy, K and the V-lambda Function
2.2.2 Lighting System Luminous Efficacy,Ks
2.3 Luminance and Brightness
2.4 Luminance and Vision
2.5 Disability Glare
2.6 Discomfort Glare
2.7 Illumination
2.7.1 Illuminance Selection
End Notes
3 Blackbodies and Other Sources
3.1 Blackbody Radiation
3.2 Planck's Law
3.3 Wien Displacement Law
3.4 Luminous Efficacy of Blackbody Radiation
3.5 Color and Distribution Temperatures
3.6 Emission Into an Imperfect Vacuum
3.7 Radiation Exchange
3.8 Experimental Approximation of a Blackbody
3.9 Other Real Sources
End Notes
4 Source/Receiver Flux Transfer Calculations
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Geometry and Definitions
4.2.1 Case 1
4.2.2 Case 2
4.2.3 Case 3
4.2.4 Case 4
4.2.5 Case 5
4.2.6 Case 6
4.2.7 Case 7
4.3 Configuration Factor
4.4 Net Exchange of Radiation
4.5 Summary
End Notes
5 The Invariance of Radiance and the Limits of Optical Concentration
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Radiance Is a Field Quantity
5.3 Pencils of Rays
5.4 Elementary Beam Of Radiation
5.5 Radiance Invariance
5.6 Radiance Invariance at an Interface
5.7 Radiance Through a Lens
5.8 Radiance in Absorbing and Scattering Media
5.9 Concentrating Radiance Meter
5.10 The Limits of Optical Concentration
End Notes
6 Optical Properties of Materials
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Terminology
6.3 Surface and Interface Optical Proper
6.3.1 Conductor Optical Properties
6.3.2 Nonconductor Optical Properties
6.3.3 Surface Emission Properties
6.3.4 Angular Dependence of Dielectric Optical Properties
6.3.5 Rough Surfaces
6.4 Bulk Medium Optical Properties
6.5 Properties of Plane Parallel Plates
6.5.1 Nonscattering Media
6.5.2 Scattering Media
6.6 Angular Dependence
6.7 Broadband Angle Properties
6.7.1 Transmittance and Reflectance Equations
6.7.2 Specular and Diffuse Optical Properties
6.8 Spectral Dependence
6.9 Broadband Spectral Properties
6.10 Spectral Selectivity
End Notes
7 The Detection of Radiation
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Basic Concepts
7.3 Classification of Detectors
7.3.1 Thermal Detectors
7.3.2 Photemissive Detectors
7.3.3 Semiconductor Devices
7.3.4 Multielement Detectors, Charge Transfer Devices, and Imagers
7.4 Detector Noise
7.5 Signal Modulation and Radiation Chopping
7.6 Characterization of Detector Performance
7.6.1 Responsivity, R
7.6.2 Quantum Efficiency, ?
7.6.3 Noise Equivalent Power, NEP
7.6.4 Detectivity, D
7.6.5 Photon Noise-Limited Performance
7.7 Flux Conditoning Prior to the Detector
7.7.1 Cosine Response Correction
7.7.2 Photopic Correction
7.7.3 Spectral Filtering
7.8 Signal Conditioning Affer the Detector
7.9 Detector Calibration
7.10 Example Detectors and Their Characteristics
End Notes
8 Optical Systems
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Optical Axis
8.3 Idealized (Thin) Lens Theory
8.4 Radiance and Irradiance of Images
8.5 Vignetting
8.6 Aberrations
8.6.1 Spherical Aberration
8.6.2 Chromatic Aberration
8.6.3 Distortion
8.6.4 Coma
8.6.5 Astigmatism
8.6.6 Field Curvature
8.6.7 Correctiug Aberrations
8.6.8 The Diffraction Limit
8.7 Image Quality
8.8 Flux Distribution
8.9 Nonimaging Optical Systems
8.10 Throughput
8.11 Integrating Spheres
8.11.1 Cosine Correction
8.11.2 Transmissometers and Reflectometers
8.12 Monochromators
8.12.1 Spectral Filters
8.12.2 Scanning Monochromators
8.13 Windows
8.14 Sources
8.15 Goniometers
8.16 Transmissometers/Reflectometers
8.17 Scattering Meters, Nephelometers, Turbidimeters, and Haze Meters
End Notes
9 Radiometers and Photometers
9.1 Introduction
9.2 General Design Factors
9.3 Broadband Irradiance and Radiance Meters
9.4 Restricted Spectral Band Irradiance Meters for the Ultraviolet through the Infrared
9.5 Illuminance and Luminance Meters
9.6 Spectroradiometers
9.7 Calibration of Radiometers and Photometers
9.7.1 Transfer Standards
9.7.2 Broadband Irradiance Standard Sources
9.7.3 Standard Sources for Spectral Irradiance and Spectral Radiance
9.7.4 Absolute Radiometry
9.7.5 Standard Illuminance and Luminance Sources
9.7.6 Radiometer/Photometer Calibration Using Standar Sources
9.7.7 Spectroradiometer Calibration
9.7.8 National Standards Laboratories ann Instrument Organizations
End Notes
10 Metric Primer and Additional Radiometric and Photometric Quantities and Units
10.1 Introduction
10.2 The SI System of Units
10.2.1 Basic Metric Principles
10.2.2 Metric Units for Radiometry and Photometry
10.3 The I-P System of Units
10.4 Photon Flux Units
10.5 Other Quantities and Units
End Notes
11 Virtual Measurement: Computerized Optical Ray Trace Analysis
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Ray Tracing in Radiometry and Photometry
11.3 Rays and Their Limitations in Ray Tracing Programs
11.4 Computerized Optical Ray Tracing Methodology
11.5 The Ray Tracing Process
11.6 Analysis of Results
End Notes
12 Basic Concepts of Color Science
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Basic Concepts And Definitions
12.3 Systems of Color Specification
12.3.1 Munsell Color System
12.3.2 CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) Color Space
12.3.3 Tristimulus Colorimetry
12.4 CIE 1931 Color System
12.5 CIE 1964 Supplementary Observer Color System
12.6 CIE 1976 Uniform Color Space
12.7 Color Temperature
12.8 Standard Illuminants and Reflection Colorimetry
12.8.1 Blackbody Illuminants
12.8.2 Daylight IIIuminants
12.8.3 Reflection Colorimetry
12.9 Color Rendering Index
12.10 Color Software
End Notes
Appendix A Correspondence Between Finite Elements and the Calculus
A.1 Introduction
A.2 Definition of the Derivative
A.3 Definition of the Integral
A.4 Integrals As Sums
A.5 Sums over Solid Angles
End Notes
Appendix B Table of Physical and Mathematical Constants
About the Author
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Introduction to Radiometry and Photometry, Second Edition

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