
Wireless Sensor Networks
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Content
- Intro
- Title Page
- Preface
- Organization
- Table of Contents
- Routing and Mobility
- Prediction Accuracy of Link-Quality Estimators
- Introduction
- Link-Quality Estimation Techniques
- Link-Quality Metrics
- Link-Quality Estimators for Sensor Networks
- Holistic Packet Statistics
- Link-Quality Descriptors
- Theory in Praxis
- Evaluation Methodology
- Data Basis
- Methodology and Metrics
- Parameters
- Evaluation Results
- Link-Quality Tracking
- Link Selection
- Conclusion
- References
- The Impact of Network Topology on Collection Performance
- Introduction
- Quantifying the Impact of the Topology
- Expected Network Delivery
- Capturing the Impact of the Key Links
- Network Topology and Protocol Performance
- Experiments and Metrics
- Protocol Performance and Topology
- Explaining Protocol Performance
- Comparisons across Testbeds
- Comparisons over Time
- Directionality and Outliers
- Applicability to Simulation
- Applicability Beyond Collection
- Limitations
- Related Work
- Conclusion
- References
- An Adaptive Algorithm for Compressive Approximation of Trajectory (AACAT) for Delay Tolerant Networks
- Introduction
- Datasets
- Compressive Sensing for Trajectory Compression
- Problem Formulation
- Compressive Sensing
- Adaptive Compressive Sensing
- In-situ Estimation of k
- Correlation between Speed and k
- Modeling Correlation by -SV Regression
- AACAT Algorithm
- Evaluation
- Transmission-Accuracy Trade-off of CS
- System Performance
- Related Work
- Conclusion
- References
- Optimization Techniques
- On the Accuracy of Software-Based Energy Estimation Techniques
- Introduction
- Related Work: Hardware-Based Energy Measurement vs. Software-Based Energy Estimation
- Experiment Equipment and Setup
- Sensor Network Management Devices (SNMD)
- The Modular Sensor Boards (MSB430) Platform
- Experiment Setup
- Hardware-Dependent Energy Consumption Deviations
- Different Current Draws with Different Nodes
- Statistical Characterization of Node Deviations
- Evaluating Software-Based Energy-Estimation Models
- Three States Model (recv/idle, transmit, sleep)
- Three States Model with State Transitions
- The Impact of Calibration on the Estimation Accuracy
- Per-Node Calibration
- Per-Node and Per-Protocol Calibration
- Conclusions
- References
- Fast, Accurate Event Classification on Resource-Lean Embedded Sensors
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Condensed kd-Tree Classifier Design
- kd-Tree Data Structure
- Nearest Neighbor Classification
- Condensed kd-Tree
- Sample Preprocessing
- Case Studies
- Case Study 1: Human Movement
- Case Study 2: Driving Events
- Conclusion
- References
- A Mobility Management Framework for Optimizing the Trajectory of a Mobile Base-Station
- Introduction
- System Architecture
- Decision Metrics
- Managing Mobility
- Evaluation and Results
- Energy Consumption and Lifetime
- Network Congestion
- Discussion
- Related Work
- Conclusion
- References
- MAC Protocols
- Performance Evaluation of Network Coding and Packet Skipping in IEEE 802.15.4-Based Real-Time Wireless Sensor Networks
- Introduction
- Related Work
- System Model
- IEEE 802.15.4
- Coding, Scheduling, and Skipping Mechanisms
- Packet Coding
- Scheduling and Queue Management
- Packet Skipping
- Performance Evaluation
- Simulation Setup
- Case 1: Constant Average Deadline
- Case 2: Varying Average Deadlines and Packet Arrival Rates
- Peak Performance and Optimal Operation Point
- Deadline-Aware Coding Using EDF Scheduling
- Conclusion
- References
- Opportunistic Packet Scheduling in Body Area Networks
- Introduction
- RSSI Measurements
- Experimental Setup: Shimmer2
- Experimental Setup: MicaZ and TelosB Platforms
- Discussion
- Opportune Transmission Windows
- RSSI-Based OTW Prediction
- Evaluation
- BANMAC
- Centralized BANMAC Scheduling
- Related Work
- Conclusion
- References
- Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks
- Clock Synchronization with Deterministic Accuracy Guarantee
- Introduction
- System Model
- Clocks
- Crystal Oscillator
- Synchronization with Accuracy Guarantee
- Main Idea
- Network-Wide Synchronization
- Compensation for Drift Fluctuation
- Comparison with Interval-Based Methods
- Algorithm Details
- Communications
- Computations
- Implementation
- Delay Compensation
- Quantization Error
- Evaluations
- Comparison with Interval-Based Method
- Testbed Experiments
- Related Work
- Conclusions
- References
- An Experimental Evaluation of Position Estimation Methods for Person Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks
- Introduction
- State of the Art
- RSS Localization in WSN
- Bayesian State Estimation for WSN Localization
- Person Localization System Model and RSS Measurement Model
- System Model
- Measurement Model
- Considered Localization Approaches
- Closed-Form Solution (CFS)
- Extended Kalman Filter (EKF)
- Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF)
- Analytic Moment Calculation (AMC)
- Experimental Evaluation
- Setup
- Data Collection
- Localization Results and Comparison of Selected Approaches
- Discussion
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- A Two-Way Time of Flight Ranging Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Overview of the Proposed System
- Sources of Ranging Error
- Implementation
- Deployment and Results
- Experimental Setup
- Performance Analysis
- Comparison between ToF and RSSI
- Conclusions
- References
- Systems and Abstractions
- Efficient Energy Balancing Aware Multiple Base Station Deployment for WSNs
- Introduction
- Definitions and Network Model
- An Optimal Algorithm for Single Base Station Deployment Problem
- Incremental Algorithms for Single Base Station Deployment Problems
- A Heuristic for the Optimal k Base Station Deployment Problem
- Related Work
- Simulation Results
- Conclusion
- References
- BurstProbe: Debugging Time-Critical Data Delivery in Wireless Sensor Networks
- Introduction
- BurstProbe
- Scheduling for Timely and Reliable Data Delivery
- Capturing Worst-Case Link Reliability
- Evaluating Worst-Case Link Reliability
- BurstProbe
- BurstProbe Effectiveness and Cost
- BurstProbe Limitations and Optimisations
- BurstProbe Implementation
- GinMAC
- BurstProbes in GinMAC
- Debugging GinMAC with BurstProbes
- Debugging Scenarios
- Interference on a Single Link
- Network Wide Interference
- Related Work
- Conclusion
- References
- The Announcement Layer: Beacon Coordination for the Sensornet Stack
- Introduction
- Motivation: Beacon Transmissions Are Costly
- Sensornet Protocols Use Beacons
- Duty Cycling Makes Beacon Transmissions Costly
- Multiple Transmissions Are More Costly
- The Announcement Layer
- Beacon Coordination
- Announcement Operations
- Protocol Implementations with an Announcement Layer
- Implementation
- Evaluation
- Beacon Coordination
- The Cost of Announcement Operations
- Case Study: Collection and Dissemination
- Related Work
- Conclusions
- References
- Author Index
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