
A Practitioner's Guide to Economic Decision Making in Asset Management
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These challenges mean that there is an increasing need for asset managers to embrace new approaches to decision support. With this in mind, work has been undertaken to develop a 'Practitioner's Guidelines for Economic Decision Making'. The guidelines have been developed as an output of the fourth research track (Track 4) of WERF's strategic asset management research program 'Asset Management Communication and Implementation' (RFPP #06-SAM-1 CO). The guidelines are presented in two parts. Part I provides background discussions on concepts, frameworks and tools. The guidelines themselves are presented in Part II.
As discussed herein, economic decision making can only be achieved within a consistent policy framework that reflects stakeholder requirements and regulatory and other business constraints. Insights into how such a framework can be developed are therefore provided. The guidance also includes a logical way of classifying and structuring different types of asset management decisions. In all, six types of decision are identified and guidance provided on the development of methodologies for each. The Guidelines also summarize a range of other tools and approaches that can be used in support of economic decision making, including a range of tools developed by the research team. Importantly, the guidelines differentiate between economic decision making and economic analysis. Economic decision making should underpin all decisions made by WSPs, while economic analysis will only be required for a subset of decisions. To provide a practical grounding, the guidelines include case studies developed with industry partners in Australia, the UK and the USA.
A copy of the manual will be supplied to you and the order confirmed by email. This email is to be sent to Gina Street at WERF on gstreet@werf.org as proof of purchase and copy of the tool will be supplied to you at no additional cost.
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Content
- Cover
- Practitioner's Guide to Economic Decision Making in Asset Management: Part I: Background
- Copyright
- Acknowledgments
- Abstract and Benefits
- Table of Contents
- List of Tables
- List of Figures
- List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
- Executive Summary
- Chapter 1.0: Project Background
- 1.1 Infrastructure Investment Challenges
- 1.2 Funding Water Sector Investments
- 1.3 Need for New Approaches
- 1.4 Economic Decision Making
- 1.5 What Economic Decision Making Isn't
- 1.6 Purpose of This Guid
- 1.7 Links with Other WERF Initiatives
- 1.8 Scope of this Report
- 1.9 Ethical Perspective
- 1.10 Report Structure
- 1.11 Report Roadmap
- Chapter 2.0: Sewage Systems and Their Management
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Sewerage Assets
- 2.3 Asset Management
- 2.3.1 Integrating Asset Management into the Business
- 2.3.2 The Role of Key Performance Indicators
- 2.4 Investing in Assets
- 2.4.1 Asset Acquisition
- 2.4.2 Capital Interventions
- 2.4.3 Planning for Asset Management Investments
- Chapter 3.0: Economic Decision Making
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Economic Theory
- 3.2.1 Total Economic Value
- 3.2.2 Economic Tradeoffs
- 3.3 The Role of Economics in Asset Management Decisions
- 3.3.1 Scope of Application
- 3.3.2 Key Implementation Challenges
- 3.4 Key Concepts in Economic Decision Making
- 3.4.1 Risk
- 3.4.2 Life Cycle Costs
- 3.4.3 Multi-Criteria Perspectives
- 3.4.4 Strategic Flexibility
- Chapter 4.0: Elements of Economic Analysis
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Costs
- 4.2.1 Resource Costs
- 4.2.2 Externality Costs
- 4.2.3 Risk Costs
- 4.2.4 WSP versus Societal View of Externalities
- 4.3 Benefits and Avoided Costs
- 4.4 Elements of Economic Analysis
- 4.4.1 Estimating Resource Costs
- 4.4.2 Estimating Externality Costs
- 4.4.3 Estimating Risk Costs
- 4.5 Future Asset Performance
- 4.5.1 Reliability and Failure Rate
- 4.5.2 Failure Modes
- 4.5.3 Failure Rates for the Base Case
- 4.5.4 Weibull Analysis
- 4.5.5 Failure Rates for Alternative Interventions
- 4.6 Treatment of Consequences
- 4.6.1 Estimating Traffic Congestion and Customer Disruption
- 4.6.2 Other Intangible Impacts
- 4.7 Economic Valuation Methods
- 4.7.1 Market Price Methods
- 4.7.2 Surrogate (Revealed Preference) Methods
- 4.7.3 Survey-Based (Stated Preference) Methods
- 4.7.4 Benefit Transfer
- 4.8 Assessing Relative Worth of Options
- 4.8.1 Simple Payback Period
- 4.8.2 B/C Ratio
- 4.8.3 NPV Approach
- 4.8.4 LCC and Cumulative Cost Calculations
- 4.8.5 Annualized Equivalent Costs
- 4.9 Other Elements of the Analysis
- 4.9.1 Choice of Discount Rate
- 4.9.2 Shadow Costs
- 4.9.3 Analysis Period
- 4.9.4 Uncertainty
- 4.9.5 Revenues
- 4.9.6 Available Budgets
- 4.9.7 Inflation
- Chapter 5.0: Supporting Frameworks and Tools
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Consequence-Based Management Frameworks
- 5.2.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.2.2 Scope of Application
- 5.2.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.2.4 Process of Application
- 5.3 Risk-Based Management Frameworks
- 5.3.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.3.2 Scope of Application
- 5.3.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.3.4 Process of Application
- 5.4 Pipeline Asset and Risk Management System (PARMS)
- 5.4.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.4.2 Scope of Application
- 5.4.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.4.4 Process of Application
- 5.5 Intangible Consequence Assessment Tool (ICAT)
- 5.5.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.5.2 Scope of Application
- 5.5.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.5.4 Process of Application
- 5.6 Externality Assessment Framework
- 5.6.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.6.2 Scope of Application
- 5.6.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.6.4 Process of Application
- 5.7 Impact Pathway Methodology
- 5.7.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.7.2 Scope of Application
- 5.7.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.7.4 Process of Application
- 5.8 Ecosystem Service Approach
- 5.8.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.8.2 Scope of Application
- 5.8.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.8.4 Process of Application
- 5.9 Risk-Based Framework for Capital Maintenance Planning
- 5.9.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.9.2 Scope of Application
- 5.9.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.9.4 Process of Application
- 5.10 WERF's End of Asset Life Decision Support Tool
- 5.10.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.10.2 Scope of Application
- 5.10.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.10.4 Process of Application
- 5.11 Economic Assessment Spreadsheet Tool (EAST)
- 5.11.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.11.2 Scope of Application
- 5.11.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.11.4 Process of Application
- 5.12 WERF's Capital Project Validation Prioritization Tool
- 5.12.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.12.2 Scope of Application
- 5.12.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.12.4 Process of Application
- 5.13 WERF's Business Risk Exposure Tool
- 5.13.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.13.2 Scope of Application
- 5.13.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.13.4 Process of Application
- 5.14 WERF's Benefit Cost Tool
- 5.14.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.14.2 Scope of Application
- 5.14.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.14.4 Process of Application
- 5.15 WERF's Life Cycle Cost Projection Tool
- 5.15.1 Technical Synthesis
- 5.15.2 Scope of Application
- 5.15.3 Data and Information Needed
- 5.15.4 Process of Application
- Glossary
- References
- Practitioner's Guide to Economic Decision Making in Asset Management: Part II: Guidance
- Copyright
- Acknowledgments
- Abstract and Benefits
- Table of Contents
- List of Tables
- List of Figures
- List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
- Executive Summary
- Chapter 1.0: Project Background
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Critical Elements of Economic Decision Making
- 1.3 Purpose of This Guide
- 1.4 A Caveat
- 1.5 Report Structure
- Chapter 2.0: Specifying a Framework Approach
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Types of Decision
- 2.3 Aligning Decisions with Business Objectives
- 2.4 A Typology of Decision Making Methodologies
- 2.5 Critical Components of the Decision Support Framework
- 2.5.1 Discount Rate
- 2.5.2 Analysis Period
- Chapter 3.0: Generic Components of Economic Decision Making
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Resources
- 3.3 Data Requirements
- 3.4 Bounding the Analysis
- 3.4.1 Clarifying Objectives and Outcomes
- 3.4.2 Specifying Indicators
- 3.4.3 Specifying the Base Case
- 3.4.4 Specifying the Spatial Boundaries
- 3.4.5 First Pass Assessment of Impacts
- 3.4.6 Assessing System Shocks
- 3.5 Option Identification
- 3.6 Cataloguing and Estimating Cost and Benefits
- 3.7 Dealing with Uncertainty
- 3.7.1 Specifying Standard Values
- 3.7.2 Accounting for Uncertainty
- 3.8 Determining the Preferred Option
- 3.9 Developing a Business Case
- 3.10 Prioritizing Across Competing Investments
- 3.11 Comparison of Metrics of Investment Worth
- 3.12 Ranking of Potential Investments
- 3.13 Checklists
- Chapter 4.0: Strategic Budget Setting
- 4.1 Overview
- 4.2 Process of Application
- Chapter 5.0: Changes to Service Standards
- 5.1 Overview
- 5.2 Process of Application
- Chapter 6.0: Proactive Investment Decisions
- 6.1 Overview
- 6.2 Process of Application
- 6.2.1 Supporting Tools
- 6.2.2 Ensuring Consistent Appraisals
- 6.2.3 Identifying Candidates for Proactive Investment
- 6.2.4 Screening
- 6.2.5 Detailed Analysis (Where Required)
- 6.2.6 Develop Portfolio and Business Case for Investment
- Chapter 7.0: Reactive Investment Decisions
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Process of Application
- 7.2.1 Supporting Tools
- 7.2.2 Identifying Candidates for Reactive Investments
- 7.2.3 Deferring or Avoiding Investment
- 7.2.4 Need for Analysis
- 7.2.5 Selection of a Base Case
- 7.3 Prioritization of Effort
- Chapter 8.0: Assessing Investments Using BCA
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Process of Application
- 8.2.1 Supporting Tools and Frameworks
- 8.2.2 Qualitative Screening
- 8.2.3 Detailed Analysis
- Chapter 9.0: Setting Policy for Management of Specific Issues
- 9.1 Overview
- 9.2 Use of Risk-Based Assessments
- 9.3 Tracking KPIs
- 9.4 Setting Maintenance Rules
- 9.5 Intervention Analysis at the System Level
- Glossary
- References
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