
Epistle to the Romans
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Content
- Cover
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Contents
- Foreword
- Preface
- Abbreviations
- Bibliography of Selected Commentaries and Commentary Materials
- Bibliography of Supplemental Monographs, Articles, and Other Materials
- Introduction to the Commentary
- 1. Romans vis-à-vis Paul's Other Letters
- 2. Major Critical Issues in the Study of Romans
- 3. Distinctive Exegetical Treatments of the Present Commentary
- 4. Prominent Thematic Features of the Present Commentary
- 5. The Greek Textual Tradition of Romans
- Commentary Proper
- The Opening Sections of the Letter
- I. Salutation (1:1-7)
- II. Thanksgiving (1:8-12)
- The Body Sections of the Letter
- A. Body Opening
- III. A Brief Introduction to Paul's Protreptic Message (1:13-15)
- B. Body Middle
- IV. Section I: Righteousness, Faithfulness, and Faith (1:16-4:25)
- Part One of Section I (1:16-3:20)
- 1. Thesis Statement on Righteousness, Faithfulness, and Faith (1:16-17)
- 2. God's Wrath against Human Rebellion, Idolatry, and Debauchery (1:18-32)
- 3. God's Condemnation of All Who Sin Is Just and Impartial (2:1-16)
- 4. Denunciations of Jews and Jewish Failures (2:17-29)
- 5. The Situation of the Jews before God (3:1-20)
- Part Two of Section I (3:21-4:25)
- 6. The Thesis Statement Developed, Supported, and Elucidated (3:21-31)
- 7. The Example of Abraham with Respect to Righteousness and Faith (4:1-24)
- 8. Concluding Early Christian Confessional Statement (4:25)
- V. Section II: Peace, Reconciliation, and Life "in Christ" (5:1-8:39)
- 1. Transitional and Thesis Passage on "Peace" and "Reconciliation" (5:1-11)
- 2. The Universal and Foundational Redemptive Story: What Jesus Christ Effected vis-à-vis What Adam Brought About (5:12-21)
- 3. Three Important Questions, with an Interjected Illustration and Statement (6:1-7:13)
- Question One: "Should We Continue in Sin So That Grace May Increase?" (6:1-14)
- Question Two: "Should We Sin Because We Are Not under the Law but under Grace?" (6:15-23)
- Interjected Illustration on the Extent of the Authority of the Mosaic Law and Statement regarding a Christian's Freedom from the Law (7:1-6)
- Question Three: "Is the Law Sin?" (7:7-13)
- 4. Soliloquy on the Tragic Plight of Those Who Attempt to Live Their Lives Apart from God, "under Their Own Steam" (7:14-25)
- 5. No Condemnation and New Life for People "in Christ Jesus" and Therefore "in the Spirit" (8:1-17)
- 6. Life in the Spirit, Both Personal and Universal and Both Present and Future: A Life of Suffering and Glory (8:18-30)
- 7. A Triumphal Affirmation of God's Vindication, Care, and Eternal Love for People "in Christ Jesus," with Early Christian Confessional Materials Incorporated (8:31-39)
- VI. Section III: The Christian Gospel vis-à-vis God's Promises to Israel (9:1-11:36)
- 1. Introduction: Paul's Great Desire for his People, Israel's Heritage, and Israel's Messiah, with a Closing "Amen" (9:1-5)
- 2. Part I of Paul's Exposition: God's Promises Given to "the Remnant" of Israel, with OT Passages Cited in Support (9:6-29)
- 3. Part II of Paul's Exposition: Israel's Present Failure and the Gentiles Blessed, with OT Passages Cited in Support (9:30-10:21)
- 4. Part III of Paul's Exposition: The Course of God's Salvation History: A Remnant within Israel, a Remnant among the Gentiles, the Salvation of "All Israel," and God's Mercy on All People (11:1-32)
- 5. Doxology: A Hymn of Praise to God for His Wisdom and Knowledge, Incorporating Early Christian Confessional Materials (11:33-36)
- VII. Section IV: Exhortations, Both General and Specific (12:1-15:13)
- 1. Opening Appeals and a Statement regarding Dedication, Commitment, and Discernment (12:1-2)
- 2. Appeal for Humility and Mutual Service among Believers in Jesus (12:3-8)
- 3. The Christian Love Ethic, Part I (12:9-21)
- 4. Exhortations regarding Christians and the State (13:1-7)
- 5. The Christian Love Ethic, Part II (13:8-14)
- 6. On Relations among the Christians at Rome (14:1-15:13)
- C. Body Closing
- VIII. "Apostolic Parousia" (15:14-32)
- The Concluding Sections of the Letter
- IX. Peace Blessing, Commendation of Phoebe, Requests for Greetings to Be Sent to Paul's Past Associates, Friends, and Acquaintances in Rome and to Certain Christian Households and Congregations, and a Greeting of the Christians at Rome on Behalf of the Churches That Paul Founded and Continued to Supervise (15:33-16:16)
- X. Personal Subscription, Appended Greetings, and Appended Doxology (16:17-27)
- Index of Contemporary Authors
- Index of Ancient Sources
- Old Testament/Hebrew Bible
- Septuagint
- Apocrypha/Deuterocanonical
- New Testament
- Pseudepigrapha
- Dead Sea Scrolls/Qumran
- Rabbinic Sources
- Targumim
- Early Christian Writings
- Later Christian Writings
- Classical/Hellenistic Sources
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