Reproduction: Molecular, Subcellular, and Cellular

Contributors and Presiding Chairmen Reproduction: Molecular, Subcellular, and Cellular Introduction Regulation of Reproductive MechanismsReproduction at the Molecular Level Transcription and Translation of Genes ur-Genes and the Gene Action System References Structural Basis of the Specificity of Antibodies Introduction Dissociation of Rabbit ¿G-Globulin into Half-Molecules Spontaneous Reassociation of Half-Molecule Subunits at Neutral pH Evidence for Univalence of Half-Molecules of Rabbit ¿G-Globulin Reversible Dissociation of Fragment Fc In Vitro Complementation of Polypeptide Subunits of ¿G-Globulins Evidence for Antibody Activity in Isolated Heavy Chains Antibody Activity of Recombined Heavy and Light Chains Evidence for Direct Participation of Light Chains in the Active Site of an Antibody Evidence That Differences in Specificity Are Associated with Differences in Amino Acid Sequence Studies with Myeloma and Bence Jones Proteins References Interactions between Plant Viruses and Host Cells Introduction Structure and Infectivity of Plant Viruses Virus Mutation The Genetic Code The Size of Cistrons and the Concept of Minimal Infectious Genetic Information Plant Virus Replication and Some of Its Cellular Events References Interaction of Viruses with the Genetic Material of the Host Cells Introduction Consequences of Virus Infection for the Genetic Material of Bacterial Cells Consequences of Virus Infection for the Genetic Material of Animal Cells ReferencesReproduction of Subcellular Systems Chromosome Reproduction in Mitosis and Meiosis Introduction Replication As a Process Chromosome Reproduction Consequences of Chromosome Reproduction References The Continuity of the Chloroplast in Euglena Introduction-The Two Aspects of Organelle Continuity The Developmental Aspect of Chloroplast Continuity The Replicative Aspect of Chloroplast Continuity Possible Control Mechanisms for Chloroplast Development and Replication Speculations Concerning the Evolution of the Chloroplast Conclusion References Extrachromosomal Heredity in Fungi Introduction Evidence for Extrachromosomal Heredity The Origins of Extrachromosomal Variability Phenotypic Effects Interactions Discussion References Final Remarks: "Why So Much DNA?" TextThe Reproduction of Cells Haploidy versus Diploidy in the Reproduction of Cell Type Introduction Characteristics of Haploids Induction of Haploidy Radiation Effects Quantitation and Biochemistry Growth and Differentiation Haploid Tissue Cultures of Higher Plants Conclusion References Cell and Tissue Interactions in the Reproduction of Cell Type Introduction Regulation of Stem Cell Differentiation The Cellular Environment and Stem Cell Differentiation Experimental Approaches to Embryonic Induction Cytodifferentiation in Cell Culture Population Density and Cytodifferentiation Conditioned Medium and the Development of Muscle Clones The Conditioning Process Biological Parameters of Conditioning The Critical Period Conditioning the Petri Plate Surface Collagen Synthesis during Conditioning A Hypothetical Role of Conditioned Medium Macromolecules and Cell Culture Collagen and Differentiation in Vivo Summary References Aging As a Consequence of Growth Cessation Introduction Scope of Aging Growth and Aging