
Methodological and Analytic Frontiers in Lexical Research
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This book provides a timely resource written by international leaders in methodological innovation. It offers fundamental insights into how innovative methodological approaches advance lexical research. It also offers the technical knowledge that is essential to that advancement, but which is rarely found in journal reports. This is a methodologically oriented volume designed to be informative, thought provoking, innovative, and perhaps also revolutionary. The contributions in this volume that originally appeared in The Mental Lexicon 5:3 (2010) and 6:1 (2011) are supplemented with several new chapters, as well as with a new and timely introductory chapter titled "Embracing Complexity".
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Content
- Methodological and Analytic Frontiers in Lexical Research
- Editorial page
- Title page
- LCC data
- Table of contents
- Preface
- The challenge of embracing complexity
- New approaches to data analysis
- The role of implemented models
- Consequences for the future: the conceptualization of psycholinguistic variables
- Note
- References
- Measures of phonological typicality
- Method
- The original operationalisation of phonological typicality
- Varying parameters of the operationalisation
- Validation of the measures
- Results
- Coherence
- Psychological validity
- Discussion
- Notes
- References
- Assessing language impairment in aphasia
- History of aphasia assessment
- Aphasia assessment instruments
- The future of aphasia assessment
- Notes
- References
- Behavioral profiles
- The method and its applications
- Behavioral profiles: The method
- The polysemy of To Run
- The polysemy of 'to get'
- Russian verbs meaning 'to try'
- Contrastive phasal verbs
- Size adjectives
- Behavioral profiles and their relation to other methods and theoretical accounts
- Exemplar-based models: Their main assumptions/characteristics and relation to BPs
- Case-by-case based approaches to alternations
- Notes
- References
- Using a maze task to track lexical and sentence processing
- The Maze task
- The G-maze and the L-maze
- Disadvantages of the maze task
- The maze task and lexical access
- Using a maze task for language learning
- Conclusion
- References
- Stimulus norming
- How this approach can advance knowledge
- Key domains of application
- Currently available hardware and software
- Dependent variables
- Commonly explored independent variables
- New independent variables and new opportunities for the approach
- Conclusion
- References
- Connectionism and the role of morphology in visual word recognition
- Connectionism: Theory and applications
- Morphological structure and visual word recognition
- Moving forward: Technical issues and problems to be solved
- Future directions
- Cross-language comparisons
- Learning
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- Note
- References
- Towards a localist-connectionist model of word translation
- Word translation
- The Revised Hierarchical Model
- Descriptive adequacy: Does the model retain essential properties of the human processing system and its representations?
- Horizontal and vertical generality of the RHM: Can the model generalize across tasks and stimulus sets?
- Falsifiability and modifiability
- Research generativity
- The BIA(+) Localist-Connectionist Framework
- Recent innovations and developments: Multilink
- Orthography (input)
- Orthographic similarity, word length, and word frequency.
- Cognate processing
- Semantics (throughput for concept mediation)
- Phonology (output)
- Orthography to phonology (throughput for word association)
- Simulating the word translation process as a whole
- Simulating the results of different tasks
- Simulating the lexical decision results of Dijkstra et al. (2010)
- The shape of the future
- References
- Chinese as a natural experiment
- The architecture of the Chinese lexicon
- Psycholinguistic consequences
- Considerations in the building and testing of universal models
- Author note
- References
- Demythologizing the word frequency effect
- Data and variables
- Predicting frequency
- Principal components orthogonalization
- GAMS for the DRC and NDR models
- General discussion
- References
- Lexical knowledge without a lexicon?
- Introduction
- What information might go in the mental lexicon?
- Sentence processing and the lexicon - background
- Arguments for an enriched lexicon
- Challenges for the mental lexicon
- The effect of aspect
- Dynamic alterations in verb argument expectations
- Lexical knowledge without a lexicon
- Where does lexical knowledge reside?
- An alternative to the mental lexicon as dictionary
- Discussion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Detecting inherent bias in lexical decision experiments with the LD1NN algorithm
- The lexical decision task in psycholinguistics
- Discriminating between words and nonwords without access to the mental lexicon
- Applying the LD1NN algorithm to mock data
- Words vs. random letter strings
- Discriminating between words and ARC nonwords
- Discriminating between words and Wuggy nonwords
- Comparing nonword generation approaches from lexical decision megastudies
- The English Lexicon project
- The French Lexicon Project
- The British Lexicon project
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- Appendix. R code for the LD1NN algorithm
- A technical introduction to using speakers' eye movements to study language
- Background on eye movements
- Tools for monitoring eye movements
- Data processing and reduction
- Eyetracking systems
- Tools for processing spoken responses
- Linking hypotheses, dependent measures, and interpreting eye movement data
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- Eye movements and morphological processing in reading
- Basic knowledge about eye movements in reading
- Eye movement studies on morphological processing until 2005
- Advantages of studying morphological processing by means of eye tracking
- Methodological issues related to eye movement experiments on morphological processing
- Selection of experimental materials
- Running the experiment
- Data cleaning before analyses
- Eye movement measures assessing the time course of morphological processes
- Parafoveal-on-foveal effects
- Early processing measures on the target word
- Later processing measures on the target word
- Measures reflecting integration of target word into sentence context
- The boundary paradigm in morphological processing studies
- Eye movement studies on morphological processing since 2005
- Does parafoveal morphological information extraction across words exist?
- Availability of constituent and whole-word information in compound word processing
- Other eye movement studies on morphological processing
- Final remarks
- Notes
- References
- Spelling strategies in alphabetic scripts
- What information sources are young spellers sensitive to and how early?
- Which types of information are encoded in written words?
- The first models of spelling development: Stage models
- From stage models to multiple strategy models
- Abstract rule-learning or statistical learning?
- Suggestions for future research
- Interindividual variety
- Focus on multiple factors at a time
- The need for systematic cross-linguistic comparisons
- The relative roles of declarative and procedural knowledge
- A need for processing models
- The impact of spelling errors on reading
- Conclusion
- References
- The EEG/ERP technologies in linguistic research
- Introduction
- How can the adoption of the EEG/ERP technique advance linguistic research?
- What is the value-added?
- Which methodologies?
- How do I get there from here?
- What are the dependent and independent variables commonly investigated with the ERP technique?
- What are the dependent and independent variables commonly investigated with EEG time-frequency analyses?
- Common EEG/ERP hardware systems
- EEG/ERP acquisition systems
- Source localization hardware
- Analysis and localization software
- Brain Vision Analyzer (www.brainproducts.com)
- CURRY Neuroimaging Suite (www.neuroscan.com)
- GeoSource (www.egi.com)
- EMSE Suite (www.sourcesignal.com)
- BESA Research software (www.besa.de)
- EEGlab (sccn.ucsd.edu/eeglab)
- Fieldtrip (www.ru.nl/neuroimaging/fieldtrip)
- NeuroGuide Deluxe by Applied Neuroscience Inc. (ANI) (www.appliedneuroscience.com/research.htm)
- sLORETA and eLORETA (www.uzh.ch/keyinst/loreta.htm)
- Stimulus delivery software
- The integration of EEG/ERP techniques with other neuroimaging techniques
- What new directions are likely with these methodologies?
- Acknowledgements
- Note
- References
- Formulaic sequences
- Foundations: Information & learning theory
- Information theory
- Learning theory
- Empirical evidence of formulaic sequence processing
- Evidence from memory research
- Evidence from linguistic ambiguity research
- Evidence from acceptability judgment research
- Evidence from phonology research
- Evidence from eye movement studies
- Evidence from reading speed and repetition studies
- Methodological issues in studying formulaic sequences
- Frequency and collinearity
- Obtaining and processing datasets
- Models of probability, expectation and predictability in language
- Beyond rule-based description: The future of formulaic sequence research
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- Fractal and recurrence analysis of psycholinguistic data
- Self-paced reading by adults and children
- Study 1: Adults' reading times
- Fractal Analysis
- Monofractal analysis
- Multifractal analysis
- Recurrence quantification analysis
- Cross-recurrence quantification analysis
- Study 2: Children's reading times
- Monofractal analysis
- Multifractal analysis
- Recurrence quantification analysis
- Cross-recurrence quantification analysis
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Appendix: Software packages for recurrence and fractal analysis
- Localizing the component processes of lexical access using modern neuroimaging techniques
- Introduction
- Stages of word production
- Chronometric dissociation of stages
- Event-Related fMRI
- Priming
- Compound trials
- Parametric modulation
- Post-hoc trial classification
- Electrophysiological approaches
- Analysis of oscillatory activity
- Conclusion
- References
- Index
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