Biofuels for Fuel Cells
Renewable Energy from Biomass Fermentation
Published on 30. September 2005
546 pages
978-1-78040-302-1 (ISBN)
Description
The increasing demand for energy and the related environmental concerns are the main drivers for the strong interest in Biomass Fermentation towards usage in Fuel Cells. The integration of Biomass Fermentation (BF) and Fuel Cells (FC) technology creates a new and interdisciplinary research area. Due to their high efficiency Fuel Cells are therefore considered as a strategic technology for future energy supply systems. The fact that biomass is a renewable source of energy in combination with the most efficient energy conversion system (FC) makes this combination unique and advantageous. This book has a clear orientation towards making products of our waste. Biofuels for Fuel Cells comes at a time when this field is rapidly developing and there is a need for a synthetising book. The holistic and multidisciplinary description of this topic, including discussion of technological, socio-economic, system analysis and policy and regulatory aspects, make this book the definitive work for this market. Biofuels for Fuel Cells will cross-link scientists of all fields concerned with Biomass Fermentation, Fuel Upgrading and Fuel Cells at European and World level.
More details
Series
Language
English
Place of publication
London
United Kingdom
Target group
College/higher education
Professional and scholarly
File size
6,55 MB
ISBN-13
978-1-78040-302-1 (9781780403021)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
Additional editions
Piet Lens | P. Westermann | M. Haberbauer
Biofuels for Fuel Cells
Book
09/2005
IWA Publishing
€237.70
Shipment within 3-4 weeks
Content
- Cover
- Copyright
- Contents
- Foreword
- Preface
- Contributors
- Part One: Status and development of bioenergy
- Section IA: Biofuels in our society
- 1. Transition management: from vision to action
- 1.1 Towards transition
- 1.2 Social involvement
- 1.3 Systems renewal: ways and means
- 1.4 Systems renewal as a complex societal problem
- 1.5 Systems renewal for sustainable development: education and practice
- 1.6 Research and technology development for sustainable development
- 1.7 Transition for sustainability
- 1.8 Conclusions
- References
- 2. Biomass valorisation for sustainable development
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Biomass for the chemical industry
- 2.3 Biomass availability
- 2.4 Integrated technology
- 2.5 Contribution to sustainability
- 2.6 Conclusions
- References
- Section IB: Biofuels from biomass
- 3. Biofuel production from agricultural crops
- 3.1 Fossil resources versus renewable agricultural resources
- 3.2 Comparison of bio-energy sources
- 3.3 Bio-ethanol
- 3.4 Biodiesel
- 3.5 Conclusion
- References
- 4. Biomass processing in biofuel applications
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Gasification of biomass
- 4.3 Gasification of sugar cane bagasse
- 4.4 Gasification of sewage sludge
- 4.5 Gasification of municipal solid waste
- 4.6 Catalysts for tar cracking/gas cleaning and gas conversion
- 4.7 Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Part Two: Biomass fermentation
- Section IIA: System design
- 5. Design methodology for sustainable organic waste treatment systems
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Waste hierarchy based design
- 5.3 Key concepts in methodological design
- 5.4 Comparison of methodological design and WHP
- 5.5 Conclusions
- References
- 6. Modeling of biomass fermentation: control of product formation
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Fermentation by pure cultures
- 6.3 Mixed culture fermentation pathways
- 6.4 The role of pre-treatment processes for fermentation of biomass
- 6.5 Alternative pathways for biomass fermentation
- 6.6 Fermentation operating parameters
- 6.7 Modeling, control and optimization of product formation
- 6.8 Conclusions
- References
- Section IIB: Methane production
- 7. Methane production from wastewater, solid waste and biomass
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Methanogenic environment
- 7.3 Pathway of anaerobic digestion
- 7.4 Environmental factors affecting AD
- 7.5 Substrates for AD
- 7.6 AD technologies
- 7.7 Products of AD
- 7.8 Conclusions
- References
- 8. Optimisation of anaerobic digestion using neural networks
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Use of neural networks for anaerobic digestion modelling and controlling
- 8.3 Conclusions
- References
- 9. Quality function deployment as a decision support tool for the sustainable implementation of anaerobic digestion facilities
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Background
- 9.3 Methods
- 9.4 Case studies
- 9.5 Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Section IIC: Alcohol production
- 10. Fermentation of biomass to alcohols
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Bioethanol
- 10.3 Ethanol from lignocellulose
- 10.4 Ethanol fermentation
- 10.5 Economics of lignocellulosic bioethanol
- 10.6 Perspectives for bioethanol
- 10.7 Conclusions
- References
- 11. The biorefinery for production of multiple biofuels
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Anaerobic biorefining of biomass
- 11.3 Co-production of liquid and gaseous biofuels
- 11.4 Conclusion
- References
- Section IID: Hydrogen production
- 12. Dark fermentation for hydrogen production from organic wastes
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Dark fermentative production of hydrogen
- 12.3 H2 production yields by dark fermentation
- 12.4 Development routes to explore
- 12.5 Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- 13. Utilization of biomass for hydrogen fermentation
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Hydrogen production from biomass
- 13.3 Hydrogen production from potato steam peels
- 13.4 Challenges for biological hydrogen production
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Part Three: Fuel cells
- Section IIIA: System design
- 14. Fuel cell principles and prospective
- 14.1 Fuel cell background and classification
- 14.2 Merits of fuel cells
- 14.3 Fuel cell basics
- 14.4 Comparison with internal combustion engines
- 14.5 From single cells to systems
- 14.6 Conclusions
- References
- 15. Modeling of fuel cell operation
- 15.1 Introduction
- 15.2 Electrochemical and thermodynamic modeling
- 15.3 Reliability and durability models
- References
- Section IIIB: Low temperature fuel cells
- 16. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells: description and applications
- 16.1 Introduction
- 16.2 History
- 16.3 Cell components
- 16.4 Applications of PEM fuel cells
- 16.5 Conclusions
- References
- 17. Advances and perspectives of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
- 17.1 Introduction
- 17.2 Catalysts for the PEMFC
- 17.3 PEMFC with biofuels
- 17.4 Higher-temperature PEMFC
- 17.5 Direct alcohol fuel cells
- 17.6 Conclusions
- References
- Section IIIC: High-temperature fuel cells
- 18. High-temperature fuel cells
- 18.1 Introduction
- 18.2 Common characteristics of MCFC and SOFC
- 18.3 Solid oxide fuel cells
- 18.4 Molten carbonate fuel cells
- 18.5 Main factors affecting high-temperature fuel cells commercialization
- References
- 19. Metallic construction materials for solid oxide fuel cell interconnectors
- 19.1 Introduction
- 19.2 High-temperature alloys
- 19.3 Chromia-forming alloys
- 19.4 Chromium and chromium-based alloys
- 19.5 Chromium-based alloys in anode side gas
- 19.6 Mixed gas corrosion of chromium-based alloys
- 19.7 Scale growth kinetics
- 19.8 Electronic conductivity of chromia-based oxide scales
- 19.9 Commercially available ferritic steels
- 19.10 Ferritic steels designed for SOFC application
- 19.11 Interaction of interconnect with cathode side contact materials
- 19.12 Interaction with anode side contact materials
- References
- Section IIID: Microbiological fuel cells
- 20. Microbial fuel cells: performances and perspectives
- 20.1 Introduction
- 20.2 Conversion of organic matter to biofuels
- 20.3 MFC: state of the art
- 20.4 Advantages of MFC
- 20.5 Bottlenecks of MFC
- 20.6 Future applications of MFC
- 20.7 Emerging opportunities
- 20.8 Conclusions
- References
- Part Four: Upgrading of fermentation biofuels to fuel cell quality
- 21. Biofuel quality for fuel cell applications
- 21.1 Introduction
- 21.2 Why biofuel usage in fuel cells?
- 21.3 The role of the biofuel quality
- 21.4 The requirements on fuel quality
- 21.5 Fuel cell tolerances
- 21.6 Conclusions
- References
- 22. Biogas upgrading with pressure swing adsorption versus biogas reforming
- 22.1 Introduction
- 22.2 Composition and quality of biogas for the use as car fuel or substitute for natural gas
- 22.3 Biogas upgrading processes
- 22.4 Process of conversion of biogas to hydrogen: biogas reforming
- References
- 23. Treatment of hydrogen sulfide in biofuels
- 23.1 Introduction
- 23.2 Composition and formation of sulfurous waste gases
- 23.3 Treatment systems for sulfur waste gases
- 23.4 Conclusions
- References
- 24. Control of siloxanes
- 24.1 Introduction
- 24.2 Overview of siloxanes
- 24.3 Siloxane damages
- 24.4 Physical siloxane removal processes
- 24.5 Biodegradation of siloxanes
- 24.6 Conclusions
- References
- Part Five: Case studies
- 25. Energetical utilisation of biogas with PEM: fuel cell technologies
- 25.1 Introduction
- 25.2 Anaerobic degradation of ensiled energy crops
- 25.3 Trace gases in biogas mixtures
- 25.4 Pilot plant
- 25.5 Conclusion
- References
- 26. Phosphoric acid fuel cells operating on biogas
- 26.1 Introduction
- 26.2 Background and history of PAFC
- 26.3 PAFC operation on biogas
- 26.4 Case study: the Rodenkirchen fuel cell
- 26.5 Conclusion
- References
- 27. Applications of molten carbonate fuel cells with biofuels
- 27.1 Introduction
- 27.2 Biofuel upgrading
- 27.3 Steam reforming
- 27.4 The fuel cell system
- 27.5 MCFC operating on biogas
- 27.6 Conclusions
- 28. Application of molten carbonate fuel cells for the exploitation of landfill gas
- 28.1 Case study presentation
- 28.2 Case study: "Tufolo/Lamparanello" landfill site
- 28.3 Biogas extraction and collection
- 28.4 Biogas pre-treatment plant
- 28.5 Comparison between MCFC and gas engine
- 28.6 Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Part Six: Glossary
- Index
