Population Patterns in the Past

List of ContributorsIntroduction Theories and Hypotheses Discussion of the Chapters Conclusion References Introductory Bibliography for Historical Population StudiesA Homeostatic Demographic Regime: Patterns in West European Family Reconstitution Studies Descriptive Summary Validity of Reconstitution Results Explaining Variation: Two Preliminary Approaches Nuptiality, Marital Fertility, and Completed Family Size Fertility, Nuptiality, and Mortality Village Size, Seasonality of Conception, and the Homeostatic Hypothesis Summary Appendix ReferencesPeasant Household Organization and Demographic Change in Lower Saxony (1689-1766)The Civil Code and Nuptiality: Empirical Investigation of a Hypothesis Nuptiality Inheritance The Approach The Development of the Model Tests of the Model Changes in Inheritance Practices and the Effect of Alternate Measures Summary and Conclusions ReferencesPrimonuptiality and Ultimonuptiality: Their Effects on Stem-Family-Household FrequenciesDeaths, Marriages, Births, and the Tuscan Economy (CA. 1300-1550) Registrations Surveys Residential Environment Social Environment Deaths and Marriages Deaths and Births Deaths and Deaths Hearths Reflections ReferencesThe Influence of Economic and Social Variables on Marriage and Fertility in Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Japanese Villages Evidence of Efforts to Control Family Size Birth Control through Abortion and Infanticide Population Control through the Regulation of Marriage The Effect of Famines on Fertility The Influence of Village and Family Economic Conditions on Fertility in Fujito Conclusion ReferencesChildbearing and Land Availability: Some Evidence from Individual Household Data Models of Childbearing in Relation to Land Abundance The Upper Canada Farm Sample-1861 Childbearing in Old and New Areas A Regression Analysis of Childbearing in Relation to Land Availability and Recency of Settlement ReferencesAmerican Fertility Patterns Since the Civil War Income, Costs, and Tastes The Data Cross-Sectional Influences on Fertility and Marriage: An Overview The Postwar Baby Boom and Bust The Not-So-Puzzling 1920s The Steady Decline: 1860-1935 Conclusion Appendix: Definitions of Variables Used in Regressions in Tables 1-4 ReferencesWho Chose the Cities? Migrants to Moscow and St. Petersburg Cities in the Late Nineteenth Century European Russia in the Nineteenth Century as a Modernizing Society Selectivity of Migrants Migration to Moscow or St. Petersburg, 1897 Distribution of Migrants Between Moscow and St. Petersburg Conclusions ReferencesA Repertory of Stable PopulationsCan Anything Be Said About Demographic Trends When Only Aggregate Vital Statistics Are Available? 1. The Problem 2. An Indicator of the Timing of Marriage 3. An Indicator of the Proportion Remaining Single 4. An Estimate of Mortality Before Marriage 5. Estimating the Number of Children per Marriage 6. Conclusion ReferencesMethods and Models for Analyzing Historical Series of Births, Deaths, and Marriages 1. Introduction and Summary 2. Random and Systematic Variation in Parish Populations 3. The Basic Demographic Model 4. Estimating Vital Rates and Age Structures from Parish Data Series 5. The 30-Year Wave in Baptism Series 6. Malthusian Oscillations 7. The Relation of Births to Deaths: Empirical Estimates 8. Demographic Interactions of Births and Deaths 9. Biological Links of Births and Deaths 10. Voluntary and Institutional Links of Births and Deaths 11. Prices, Climate, and Vital Rates Appendix 1: Mathematical Derivation of the Demographic Interactions Appendix 2: Spectral Procedures Used in This Chapter ReferencesIndex