Speech and Language
Advances in Basic Research and Practice
Published on 28. June 2014
382 pages
978-1-4832-1989-9 (ISBN)
Description
Speech and Language: Volume 1, Advances in Basic Research and Practice is a compendium of papers that discusses the processes and pathologies of, as well as applies theories and clinical issues to, speech and language. Some papers discuss perception of speech in early infancy, the problems faced by speech clinicians, and the anatomy of the perioral motor system. Based on data compiled on the infant's perception of speech sounds, one paper notes that human infants discriminate depending on fine temporal and frequency changes in a complex auditory array. Infants also show perceptual constraints while listening to speech characterized as adult- like; they are also predisposed to perceive certain speech-sound categories such as vowel and fricative categories. One paper examines the suggestion of Kent (1976) that "acoustic characteristics of children's speech...hold the promise of sensitive methods for the study of speech maturation and developmental disorders." This investigation involves the following: the recent attempts at multidimensional analyses of speech and perception; a measure of perceptual contrast; and results of feature comparison efforts. The compendium is well suited for linguists, ethnologists, psychologists, and researchers whose works involve linguistics, language learning, communications, and syntax.
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Content
List of ContributorsPrefaceThe Perception of Speech in Early Infancy I. The Speech Perception Process: Three Instructive Exercises II. Models of the Perceptual Process III. The Perception of Speech Sounds by Infants IV. Comments on Issues in Infant Speech Perception V. Beyond the Data: Understanding the Nature and Origins of Early Predispositions Toward Speech and Language VI. Applying Basic Science Findings to Early Diagnosis of Speech and Language Disorders VII. Directions for the Future VIII. Summary and Conclusions ReferencesAcoustic-Perceptual Methods for Evaluation of Defective Speech I. A General Background and Rationale II. Acoustic Phonetics and the Clinic: Some Suggestions III. Summary and Some Concluding Statements ReferencesLinguistic and Motor Aspects of Stuttering I. Introduction II. Linguistic Determinants of Stuttering III. Motor Determinants of Stuttering IV. Linguistic and Motor Models of Stuttering V. Stuttering Therapy Approaches Involving Linguistic and Motor Awareness VI. Linguistic and Motor Aspects of Stuttering: Current Status and Future Directions ReferencesAnatomic Studies of the Perioral Motor System: Foundations for Studies in Speech Physiology I. A Rationale for Anatomic Investigation of the Perioral Musculature II. Characteristics of the Perioral Muscles III. Cadaveric Material IV. Qualitative Descriptions: Line Tracings of Perioral Muscle Topology (Study 1) V. Quantitative Descriptions: Direct Measures of Perioral Muscle Topology (Study 2) VI. Empirical Validation of Electrode Placements Recommended for the Perioral Muscles (Study 3) VII. A Set of Preliminary Specifications for Electrode Placements in the Perioral Muscles VIII. Conclusions Appendix A: Specimen Specifications Appendix B: Surface Landmark Measures Appendix C: Tabulated Results ReferencesAcoustic Characteristics of Normal and Pathological Voices I. Auditory and Visual Methods II. Acoustic Symptoms of Laryngeal Pathology III. Acoustic Techniques for Voice Analysis IV. Voice Profiles V. Statistical Analysis of Normal and Pathological Data VI. Quantitative Assessment of Voice Therapy VII. Summary and Future Investigations Appendix A: Linear Model of Voiced Speech Production Appendix B: Computer Program for Acoustic Analysis ReferencesSynergy: Toward a Model of Language I. Historical Approaches to the Study of Language II. Synergy of Language: A Rationale III. Evidence for Synergistic Relationships IV. Discussion and Implications ReferencesSubject Index
