Precambrian Plate Tectonics
Published on 1. January 1981
805 pages
978-0-08-086903-2 (ISBN)
Description
Precambrian Plate Tectonics
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Language
English
Place of publication
Amsterdam
Netherlands
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Windows
ISBN-13
978-0-08-086903-2 (9780080869032)
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A. Kroner
Precambrian Plate Tectonics
Book
05/1981
Elsevier
€151.35
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Content
- Front Cover
- Precambrian Plate Tectonics
- Copyright Page
- Contents
- Foreword
- Introduction
- Contributing Authors
- Part 1: General reviews of Precambrian crustal evolution
- CHAPTER 1. PRECAMBRIAN ROCKS IN THE LIGHT OF THE PLATE- TECTONIC CONCEPT
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The heat factor
- Palaeomagnetism
- Archaean crustal evolution
- Early-mid-Proterozoic geosynclines, mobile belts and plate collisions
- Mid-Proterozoic rifting and magmatism
- Grenville-Dalslandian mobile belt
- The Pan-African-Braziliano mobile belts
- Precambrian plate tectonics
- References
- CHAPTER 2. PRECAMBRIAN TECTONIC STYLE: A LIBERAL UNIFORMITARIAN INTERPRETATION
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Major uncertainties in Precambrian synthesis
- Thermal history of the earth
- Continental accretion
- Precambrian tectonic style
- Constraining assumptions
- Contemporary geodynamics
- Scale of mantle convection
- Heat flow
- Plate-driving force
- Buoyancy
- Implications for the Precambrian
- Buoyancy-powered plate tectonics
- Subduction by viscous drag
- Evolution of the protocrust
- Onset of negative buoyancy
- Intracontinental orogeny
- Crustal thickening
- Summary
- Geologic evidence
- Pre-Archaean
- Archaean
- Proterozoic
- Commentary
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 3. PRECAMBRIAN PLATE TECTONICS
- Abstract
- Introduction.
- The Archaean (&2.5 Ga)
- Archaean plate tectonics - dominance of rifting and sag-subduction.
- The Lower Proterozoic (2.5-1.2 Ga).
- Lower Proterozoic plate tectonics-dominance of A-subduction and intraplate shearing
- The Upper Proterozoic (1.2 - 0.6 Ga)
- Upper Proterozoic tectonics - transition to contemporary plate interaction
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 4. UNIFORMITARIAN ASSUMPTIONS, PLATE TECTONICS AND THE PRECAMBRIAN EARTH
- Abstract
- The uniformitarian doctrine
- Methodological problems in earth science.
- Possible relevance of plate tectonics to Precambrian history.
- Ophiolites
- Two-stage mantle melting products.
- Lateral accretion.
- Palaeomagnetic evidence and Precambrian geotectonics
- Temporally unique Precambrian features
- Acknowledgements
- References.
- Part 2: Archaean tectonics
- CHAPTER 5. ARCHAEAN PLATES AND GREENSTONE BELTS
- Abstract
- Introduction.
- Greenstone belts.
- Peninsular India
- Setting
- Lithostratigraphy
- Geochronology
- Tectonic development
- Southern Africa: Rhodesian and Kaapvaal cratons
- Setting
- Lithostratigraphy
- Geochronology
- Tectonic development
- Western Australia: Yilgarn subprovince
- Setting
- Lithostratigraphy
- Geochronology
- Tectonic development
- Canadian Shield: southern Superior Province
- Setting
- Lithostratigraphy
- Geochronology
- Tectonic development
- Summary
- Archaean plates
- References
- CHAPTER 6. GEOTECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE ARCHAEAN SUCCESSIONS IN THE BARBERTON MOUNTAIN LAND, SOUTH AFRICA
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The primordial earth's crust
- The Archaean crust of southern Africa
- The Barberton Mountain Land
- Towards an evolutionary model
- Summary
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 7. THE EVOLUTION OF THE RHODESIAN CRATON AND ADJACENT ARCHAEAN TERRAIN: TECTONIC MODELS
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Stratigraphic summary
- Relationship between the Rhodesian craton and the Limpopo mobile belt
- Constraints on tectonic models
- Tectonic models
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 8. THE TECTONIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE LIMPOPO MOBILE BELT AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE ARCHAEAN CRATONS OF SOUTHERN AFRICA1
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The Limpopo Mobile Belt
- Morphology and lithology
- Gravity and magnetic character
- Metamorphism
- Deformational history
- Chronology
- A plate-tectonic model
- Implications for crustal evolution of southern Africa
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 9. ARCHAEAN BASIN EVOLUTION IN THE SLAVE PROVINCE, CANADA
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The Slave Structural Province
- Supracrustal rocks-the Yellowknife Supergroup
- Volcanic rocks
- Sedimentary rocks
- Basement
- Geochronology
- Origin and extent of Yellowknife supracrustal basins
- Evidence of plate tectonics in the Slave Province during the Archaean
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 10. TECTONICS AND PETROGENESIS OF EARLY PRECAMBRIAN COMPLEXES OF THE ALDAN SHIELD, SIBERIA
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Stratigraphy
- Gneiss-granulite basement
- Greenstone and schist belts
- Geochronology
- Petrogenesis
- Tectonics
- Crustal development
- Conclusions
- References
- Part 3: Lower to middle Proterozoic tectonics
- CHAPTER 11. PROTEROZOIC CHRONOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF THE MIDCONTINENT REGION, NORTH AMERICA
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Geochronologic data
- Continental and tectonic setting
- Early Proterozoic terranes (2500-1600 Ma)
- Penokean region
- Archaean basement
- Pre-Penokean Proterozoic rocks
- Penokean orogenic rocks
- Post-Penokean rocks
- Western United States
- Midcontinent region
- Middle Proterozoic rocks of the midcontinent
- Undeformed plutonic rocks
- Granite-rhyolite terrane of the south-central United States
- Discussion
- Regional correlations of early Proterozoic terranes
- Origin of the early Proterozoic orogenic belts
- Origin of the middle Proterozoic granite-rhyolite terrane and undeformed plutons
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 12. THE CIRCUM-SUPERIOR BELT: A PROTEROZOIC PLATE MARGIN?
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Elements of the Cirum-Superior Belt
- General
- Labrador Trough
- Southern Labrador Trough
- The Mistassini-Otish Groups
- The Cape Smith Belt
- The Belcher Basin
- Sutton Inlier
- The Fox River Belt
- Thompson Nickel Belt
- Molson Dykes
- Lake Superior Association
- Correlation within the Circum-Superior Belt
- General
- Stratigraphic relationships
- Magmatic relationships
- Tectonic considerations
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 13. LABRADOR GEOSYNCLINE: TYPE EXAMPLE OF EARLY PROTEROZOIC CRATONIC REACTIVATION
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The geosynclinal filling
- Sedimentary environments and provenance
- Volcanic rocks
- Structure and metamorphism
- Autochthonous position of basalts
- Discussion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 14. A GRENVILLIAN MODEL OF PROTEROZOIC PLATE TECTONICS
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Plate tectonics and subduction
- Definitions
- A choice of models
- An overview of the Grenvillian Belt
- Pre-Grenvillian Proterozoic history
- Grenvillian history and isotopic dating
- Geophysics can help
- Tectonics of Grenvillian surroundings
- A Grenvillian model
- The failure of Phanerozoic models
- Stress-fields of Proterozoic plates
- Palaeomagnetic wanderings
- Three Grenvillian stress-fields
- Mobile plates or changing fields?
- Proterozoic tectonics and a Grenvillian Tibet
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Part 4: Upper Proterozoic to Lower Palaeozoic tectonics (Pan-African event)
- CHAPTER 15. PAN-AFRICAN (UPPER PROTEROZOIC) PLATE TECTONICS OF THE ARABIAN-NUBIAN SHIELD
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Field, petrographic and geochemical data
- Lower Pan-African
- Middle Pan-African
- Upper Pan-African
- Plate-tectonic considerations
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 16. PAN-AFRICAN CLOSURE AND CONTINENTAL COLLISION IN THE HOGGAR-IFORAS SEGMENT, CENTRAL SAHARA
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Contrasting pre-Pan-African history of the West African craton and the Touareg shield
- Early Pan-African rifting during the Upper Proterozoic
- Development of a passive continental margin
- Magmatism associated with continental fragmentation
- Initiation of ocean closure and subduction: Cordilleran-type evolution of the Pharusian belt
- Multistage structural development of the Pan-African Touareg shield
- The "Kibaran" event (1200-900 Ma ago)
- The event around 725 Ma ago
- The event around 700-680 Ma ago
- Pan-African collision of the West African craton with the Touareg shield around 600Ma AGo
- The suture
- Foreland nappes west of the suture
- Paired metamorphic belts
- Deformation in the Pharusian belt east of the suture
- Reactivation of the polycyclic central Hoggar-Aïr domain and the Tiririne linear intracontinental belt
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 17. THE LATE PROTEROZOIC OPHIOLITES OF BOU AZZER (MOROCCO): EVIDENCE FOR PAN-AFRICAN PLATE TECTONICS
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The Bou Azzer ophiolitic complex
- Regional geology
- The Bou Azzer mafic-ultramafic complex
- Evidence for ophiolites at Bou Azzer
- Tectonic setting of the Bou Azzer ophiolite
- Discussion
- Spreading of ocean crust at Bou Azzer
- Bou Azzer ocean closing
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Part 5: Geochemistry, isotope geology, petrology and geophysics: Constraints and models for Precambrian crustal evolution
- CHAPTER 18. EARTH TECTONICS AND THERMAL HISTORY: REVIEW AND A HOT-SPOT MODEL FOR THE ARCHAEAN
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Geophysical and geochemical models
- The heat flow and heat generation problem
- A hot-spot model
- Conclusion
- References
- CHAPTER 19. PETROGENESIS OF ARCHAEAN ULTRAMAFIC MAGMAS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ARCHAEAN TECTONICS
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Quench-textured peridotites
- Experimental petrology and petrogenesis of Archaean quench-textured peridotites
- The problem of source composition and high degrees of melting of upper-mantle peridotite
- Comparison of Archaean magma genesis with Phanerozoic peridotitic and basaltic magma genesis
- The implications of very high extrusion temperatures of Archaean magmas
- Summary and Concluslons
- References
- CHAPTER 20. ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE FOR CONTINENTAL GROWTH IN THE PRECAMBRIAN
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Magma-crust interaction. selective contamination and isotopic mixing
- Sr isotopes
- Pb isotopes
- Recognition of crustal accretion-differentiation superevents (CADS)
- Recognition of reworking of older continental crust
- Recognition of ancient continental basement at depth
- Recognition of effects of high-grade metamorphism long after primary igneous crystallization
- Nd isotopes
- Radiogenic isotopes and mantle evolution
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 21. THE RARE EARTH ELEMENT EVIDENCE IN PRECAMBRIAN SEDIMENTARY ROCKS: IMPLICATIONS FOR CRUSTAL EVOLUTION
- Abstract
- The chemical evidence: constraints and limitations
- The present composition of the upper continental crust
- Total crustal compositions
- The present lower crust
- Mechanisms for production of the upper crust
- The Eu depletion in upper crustal rocks
- Constraints on sediment subduction
- Uniformity of crustal composition with time
- REE patterns in Archaean sedimentary rocks and the composition of the Archaean crust
- The Archaean-Proterozoic transition and the abundance of K-rich granites in the Archaean crust
- Thickness of the Archaean crust
- Models for the origin of the Archaean upper crust
- Speculations on tectonic conditions in the Archaean
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 22. HOW DO WE RECOGNIZE PLATE TECTONICS IN VERY OLD ROCKS?
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Major questions
- Possible answers
- Pan-African sutures
- Continental growth
- Rayleigh numbers
- Concluding statement
- References
- Part 6: Precambrian palaeomagnetism
- CHAPTER 23. ON THE COHERENCE, ROTATION AND PALAEOLATITUDE OF LAURENTIA IN THE PROTEROZOIC*
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Geological setting
- Late Proterozoic (~ 570 to ~ 950 Ma)
- Middle Proterozoic (~ 950 to ~ 1450 Ma)
- Older results
- Logan Loqp
- Grenville Loop
- Summary
- Early Proterozoic and latest Archaean (~1700 to ~ 2600 Ma)
- Coronation Loop
- Slave-Superior comparison
- Oldest Proterozoic and Archaean
- Tectonic significance
- Acknowledgements
- Appendix
- References
- CHAPTER 24. PRECAMBRIAN PALAEOMAGNETISM OF EUROPE AND THE POSITION OF THE BALTO-RUSSIAN PLATE RELATIVE TO LAURENTIA
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Geological framework
- Review of apparent polar wander tracks and current reconstructions
- Discussion of the apparent polar wander stratigraphy of the Baltic Shield
- Apparent polar wander relative to northwest Scotland
- Late Precambrian and early Palaeozoic pole positions
- Precambrian plate tectonics
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 25 . PALAEOMAGNETISM OF THE BALTIC SHIELD - IMPLICATIONS FOR PRECAMBRIAN TECTONICS
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Geological setting
- The APWP of the Baltic Shield
- General description of the APWP
- Pre/early Karelian data (2700-1900 Ma)
- Granulite Complex data
- Svecokarelian palaeomagnetic data
- Sub-Jotnian loop
- Jotnian results
- The Sveconorwegian loop
- Problems in the Baltic Shield APWP
- Secondary components
- Asymmetric reversals
- Tectonic implications of the APWP
- Differential uplift and the APWP
- Tectonics within the Baltic Shield
- Ukrainian Shield vs . Baltic Shield
- Baltic Shield vs . Laurentian Shield
- Comparison of palaeolatitudes
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- CHAPTER 26. PALAEOMAGNETISM AND PRECAMBRIAN TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF GONDWANA
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The Wilson cycle
- Palaeomagnetic expectations and sources of error
- Magnetization age
- Structural control
- Data density
- Precambrian Wilson cycle signatures
- Apparent polar wander paths
- The Pan-African domains
- AP'W relative to Africa, 1200 to 450Ma: West Gondwana
- APW relative to Australia, 1000 to 450Ma: East Gondwana
- The assembly of Gondwana
- APW relative to East Gondwana, 1200 to 1800Ma
- APW relative to Australia, 2400 to 1800 Ma: the Yilgarn and Pilbara cratons
- APW relative to West Gondwana, 2300 to 1800Ma
- Discussion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Part 7: Precambrian metallogeny and plate tectonics
- CHAPTER 27. PRECAMBRIAN ORE DEPOSITS AND PLATE TECTONICS
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Tectonic settings in the Archaean
- Tectonic settings in the Proterozoic
- Archaean mineralization
- Microcontinental margin ore bodies
- Ore bodies of intracratonic basins
- Quartz-pebble gold-uranium deposits
- Rift and subduction-related ore bodies of the greenstone belts
- Volcanogenic stratabound massive sulphides (Cu. Zn. Au. Ag)
- Volcanic exhalative iron formation (gold and carbonate-gold deposits)
- Pre- to early syncollision ore bodies of mafic-ultramafic association
- Nickel-copper deposits of the Limpopo Belt
- Chromite deposits in ultramafic intrusive complexes
- Western Australian nickel, copper
- Collision-related ore bodies
- Murchison range antimony
- Pegma tites
- Proterozoic mineralization
- Ore bodies of intracratonic basins
- Quartz-pebble conglomerate uranium deposits
- Stratabound "sedimentary " base-metal ores
- Stratiform "sedimentary" zinc, lead, barite ores
- Sandstone-type uranium ores
- Ore bodies in intrusions within megafracture systems
- Cr-Ni-PtCu mineralization
- Carbonatite mineralization (P, Nb, U, Cu, Ce, Zn)
- Intraplate tin deposits of possible hot-spot origin
- Ore bodies of the ocean floor and rise
- Ophiolitic deposits (Cr. Cu).
- Subduction-related mineralization
- Porphyry copper
- Kuroko-type (Zn-Pb-Cu) stratiform sulphides
- Magmatic uranium
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgement
- References
- CHAPTER 28. METALLOGENIC EVOLUTION AND PRECAMBRIAN TECTONICS
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Archaean mineral deposits
- Proterozoic mineral deposits
- Early Proterozoic
- Mid-Proterozoic to late Proterozoic
- Latest Precambrian and Phanerozoic mineral deposits
- Tectonic significance
- Tectonic interpretations
- Phanerozoic plate tectonics and mineral deposits
- Precambrian tectonics
- Summary and conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Subject Index
