The Myth of Executive Functioning

Introduction.- Problem Solving: Practical Examples and Additional Properties.- The Problem Solving Metaphor, Neuropsychology, and Exective Functioning.- Neuropsychological Constructs, Assumptions, and Executive Functioning: Revisiting Principles of Brain Organization.- Functional Domains, Unitary Constructs, and the Intergrated Brain.- Large Scale Brain Systems.- The Application of Large Scale Brain Systems to Practical "EF" Behavior: Revisting the Introductory Examples.- The Novelty -Routinization Principle of Brain Organization.- Clues to Understanding the Phylogeny of Behavioral Control.- Ways of Generating Behavior.- Movement, Thinking, Anticipation, and Banishing Exectuvie Functioning.- The Four Steps of the Development of the Cognitive Control System.- Abolishing the Executive and the Mind-Body Problem.- Why Cognitive Control is an Expansion of Cortical-Cerebellar and Cortical-Basal Ganglia Motor Control Systems.- The Cerebro-Cerebellar Underpinning of Cognitive Control.- Structure and Function of the Cerebro-Cerebellar Circuitary System.- The Basal Ganglia Underpinning of Cognitive Control: The Fronto-Striatal System.- Cognitive Control, Reward, and the Basal Ganglia.- Basal Ganglia Dynamics, Cognition, and Social Behavior.- Interim Summary.- How Well Do These Principles "FIT" Exceptional Cases?.- Why People Who Cannot Move Are Aable to Think.- The Exceptionality of the Congenitally Blind.- The Exceptionality of Deafness.- NEeuropsychological Testing and Neuropsychological Evaluation: Is There A Difference Between These Aprroaches?.- Missing Elements in the Neuropsychological Assessment of EF.- The Tradtional Neuropsychological Assessment Paradigm.- The Motor Examination.- The Evaluation of Reward Preferences.- Summary, Conclusions, and Future Directions.