
Project Management Next Generation
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Strategic guidance on enabling transformational change in the project management landscape
In Project Management Next Generation: The Pillars for Organizational Excellence, a team of world-renowned project management leaders delivers an expert discussion on project management implementation in organizations of all kinds. The book explores 10 pillars of project management that will be critical for companies in the coming decade. It offers contributions from industry changemakers and thought leaders that provide the perfect balance between practical experience across a variety of programs, projects, and transformation initiatives.
It's a must-have title for practicing project managers who seek hands-on guidance and insightful case studies complete with discussion questions and instruction materials, including PowerPoint lecture slides and a full Instructors Manual on the companion website. In addition to the perspectives of several global commercial organizations on the project management industry's future, readers will find:
* Thorough introductions to project management as a strategic competency and corporate project management cultures
* Comprehensive explorations of workforce upskilling and defining project success
* Practical discussions of flexible project management frameworks and flexible life cycle phases and project governance
* In-depth examinations of value-driven project management and metrics, as well as metrics for intangible assets, and strategic metrics
Perfect for mid-level corporate, project, and team managers, as well as executives and business consultants, Project Management Next Generation: The Pillars for Organizational Excellence will also earn a place in the libraries of students in courses on advanced project management at the upper-level undergraduate and graduate levels.
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Persons
Harold Kerzner, PhD, is Senior Executive Director for Project, Program, and Portfolio Management at the International Institute of Learning, Inc.
Al Zeitoun, PhD, has over 30 years' experience in project management and strategic change delivering operational excellence for large corporations.
Ricardo Viana Vargas, PhD, is a chief advocate in the project economy passionate about transforming ideas into action. He is the host of the 5 Minutes Podcast and is the author of 15 books on project, risk, and crisis management.
Content
Preface xi
1 Pillar #1: Strategic Delivery Capability 1
1.0 Setting the Stage 1
1.1 Background 6
1.2 Line-of-Sight 8
1.3 Sustainable Competitive Advantage 8
1.4 High-Performance Teams 9
1.5 High-Performance Organizations 9
1.6 Strategic Competency 11
1.7 Background to Barriers 12
1.8 Excellence in Action: Medtronic 24
1.9 Strategically Improving 26
1.10 Innovation in Action: Repsol 27
1.11 Strategic Agility 34
1.12 Excellence in Action: Merck Kgaa 35
1.13 Excellence in Action: Cisco 38
1.14 Excellence in Action: Servicenow 47
1.15 Excellence in Action: Farm Credit Mid-America 49
1.16 Excellence in Action: Project Management United 64
1.17 Letter to Future Project Manager 71
References 73
2 Pillar 2: Applying Project Management in Humanitarian and Social Initiatives 77
2.0 What Makes Humanitarian Projects Different? 77
2.1 The Impact of Project Management Practices in Humanitarian Projects 77
2.2 Excellence IN Action: Ambev: A Humanitarian Approach to Addressing Challenges During the Covid-19 Pandemia 78
2.3 Excellence in Action: Albert Einstein Hospital: Application of Project Management to Address the Covid-19 Health Crisis and Lessons Learned 89
2.4 Excellence in Action: United Nations: Program Management for Humanitarian and Development Projects 103
2.5 16/6 Project in Haiti 118
2.6 Conclusions 122
References 123
3 Pillar #3: Project Management Is Creating Innovative Cultures 125
3.0 Background 125
3.1 Introducing the Innovative Culture Model 125
3.2 Balanced Alignment and Autonomy 127
3.3 Excellence in Action: Sunrise UPC 127
3.4 Innovation Competencies 130
3.5 Excellence in Action: Bosch 130
3.6 Blocking Off Time to Think 147
3.7 Excellence in Action: 3M 148
3.8 Refreshed Executive Role 149
3.9 Excellence in Action: General Motors 150
3.10 The Innovation Culture 152
3.11 Excellence in Action: Apple 152
3.12 Projects as Innovation Labs 154
3.13 Excellence in Action: Samsung 154
3.14 New Ways of Working 155
3.15 Excellence in Action: Siemens 156
3.16 Readying and Sustaining Tomorrow's Excellence Cultures 159
3.17 A Future (Working) Day in the Life of the Program Manager 160
3.18 Excellence in Action: Solvo360 163
3.19 Excellence in Action: Texas Instruments 169
4 Pillar #4: Digitalization Is Central to Delivering Projects' Promises 173
4.0. Background 173
4.1 Excellence in Action: ASGC 174
4.2 Digitalization and Projects Framework 180
4.3 Experimenting Capacity 182
4.4 Excellence in Action: ServiceNow 182
4.5 Context-Driven Planning 185
4.6 Excellence in Action: Progressive Insurance 186
4.7 Co-Creation 190
4.8 Growth in Information Warehouses 190
4.9 Knowledge Repositories 191
4.10 The Need for Business Intelligence Systems 194
4.11 Big Data 194
4.12 Top Seven Things to Consider When Choosing a BI Tool 196
4.13 Stop Treating Business Intelligence Projects as IT Projects 198
4.14 Dashboards vs. Reports: Which One Should You Go With? 200
4.15 Mapping Dashboards to Objectives 202
4.16 Virtual Teams Engagement 203
4.17 Excellence in Action: IBM 204
4.18 Outcomes-Focused Work 218
4.19 Excellence in Action: Dubai Customs 219
4.20 Ever-Changing Ways of Working 221
4.21 Excellence in Action: Wuttke & Team 221
4.22 Digitalization and Projects Path Forward 226
5 Pillar 5: Evolving Project Delivery Skills 227
5.0 The Changing Landscape 227
5.1 Problem Solving and Decision-Making 228
5.2 Brainstorming 251
5.3 Design Thinking 257
5.4 Excellence in Action: Disney 260
References 268
6 Pillar 6: New Forms of Project Leadership 271
6.0 Introduction 271
6.1 Issues with Leadership Studies 271
6.2 Selecting the Leader 272
6.3 Introduction to Leadership Styles 272
6.4 Project Management Challenges 275
6.5 Leadership and Cultures 276
6.6 Excellence in Action: Project Leadership for the Smart Mission 277
6.7 Leadership and Stakeholder Relations Management 279
6.8 The Changing Leadership Landscape 290
6.9 Servant Leadership 292
6.10 Social Project Management Leadership 294
6.11 The Growth in Importance of Crisis Leadership 295
6.12 The Growth in Competency Models 301
6.13 Project Management Core Competency Models 303
6.14 Excellence in Action: Eli Lilly 304
6.15 Conclusions 313
References 313
7 Pillar 7: Organizational Cultural Shift to the Project Way of Working 315
7.0 Introduction 315
7.1 The Need for Cultural Shift 315
7.2 Excellence in Action: GEA Project Management in GEA Process Engineering: Our Vision for the Future 318
7.3 Excellence in Action: Norte Energia Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant 324
7.4 Conclusions 349
References 349
8 Pillar 8: Adaptive Frameworks and Life Cycles 351
8.0 Background 351
8.1 The Risks of Using a Singular Methodology 352
8.2 Project Management Landscape Changes 353
8.3 The Need for Multiple Flexible Methodologies 353
8.4 Selecting the Right Framework 356
8.5 Be Careful What You Wish For 357
8.6 Strategic Selection Implications 358
8.7 Excellence in Action: ServiceNow 359
8.8 Excellence in Action: The International Institute for Learning 361
8.9 The Fuzzy Front End 367
8.10 Line-of-Sight 370
8.11 Establishing Gates 370
8.12 The Future Fuzzy Front Gates 371
8.13 Excellence in Action: IdeaScale 372
8.14 Project Selection Criteria 375
8.15 Excellence in Action: AstraZeneca 377
8.16 Excellence in Action: Airbus 391
8.17 Partnership Fuzzy Front Ends 393
8.18 Excellence in Action: Facebook 394
8.19 Life-Cycle Phases 395
8.20 Project Closure 399
8.21 Excellence in Action: Motorola 400
8.22 New Causes of Complete or Partial Failure 401
8.23 Conclusion 401
References 402
9 Pillar 9: Evolving Nature of PMOs and Governance 403
9.0 Introduction 403
9.1 How Governance Can Be Applied in an Agile and Volatile World 403
9.2 Excellence in Action: SITA - Airport Systems Integration Projects Cry for Flexible Governance 404
9.3 Excellence in Action: ServiceNow - From Project Management to Strategy Realization 406
9.4 Excellence in Action: PMO Global Alliance - PMOs in Transformation 410
9.5 Excellence in Action: Determining the Mathematical ROI of a PMO Implementation 423
9.6 Conclusions 436
References 436
10 Pillar #10: Significant Growth in Value-Driven and Business-Related Metrics 439
10.0 The Growth of Project Metrics 439
10.1 The Growth of Metric Measurement Techniques 440
10.2 Selecting the Right Metrics 442
10.3 Benefits Realization and Value Management 443
10.4 Measuring Benefits and Value 447
10.5 Excellence in Action: Philips Business Group Hospital Patient Monitoring 449
10.6 Metrics for Measuring Intangibles 466
10.7 The Need for Strategic Metrics 468
10.8 Project Health Checks 471
10.9 Action Items 475
10.10 Failure of Traditional Metrics and KPIs 476
10.11 Establishing a Metrics Management Program 477
10.12 Conclusion 478
About the Authors 479
Index 481
1
Pillar #1: Strategic Delivery Capability
1.0 Setting the Stage
The profession of project management has been changing and fast. This is a different world than the one that has driven the early days of the birth of this discipline. When the authors first came up with the idea behind this book, their driver was to think about and illustrate the next iteration of this profession, which could take us through the remainder of the decade. The more closely we reviewed this ambition and worked with many of the companies around the globe to pulse their views of the future of work, the more we realized that project management is truly at an inflection point and that it is finally ready to be tackled from a wider ecosystem that encompasses the culture, business value, and the sharper focus on co-creating solutions with customers and other stakeholders. The 10 pillars we selected as the foundation for this book cover this wider ecosystem. They allow us to look at where projects are strategically poised to create a distinct way of working into the future.
As we start tackling the 10 pillars, we are reminded that predicting the next generation of project management is a complex topic. Strategy is hard and to find the patterns that connect the pillars to how organizations excel in working in the future is not an exact science anymore. The chaos that the world encounters that combines a multitude of attributes of uncertainty is immense. It is finally resting upon the project managers of the future to take on the leading role of change making that we had been predicting over the past years. The system-wide mindset that these future leaders will bring has reached the right moment of being highly valued. It is our hope that this book and its pillars serve as a critical guidepost that the organizations of the future would follow in driving their focus, investing in the right skills, in recreating how their work is done, and deciding on what data truly matters.
With the increasing vast demands for complex infrastructure programs, green energy, and the number of organizations that are committing to ambitious goals on their journey to climate neutrality, and to possibly achieving net zero emissions by 2050 while they hit some intermediate targets by 2030, the role of strategic projects that are effectively delivered will only multiply. Based on industry trends, the authors' experiences, and the multiple studies that still indicate the large gap between envisioned goals and the executed outcomes, this book is focusing on the excellence practices that will enhance the opportunities for this world to see what project management principles could help us achieve.
Before getting into some of the background and barriers behind the first pillar that sets the tone for the set of critical shifts we see into the next generation of project management, namely project management being a true strategic competency, let us start with one of the Excellence in Action sections that support the move in that direction. Throughout the book, we will demonstrate the next generation trending we see around the selected guiding 10 pillars with examples of world class organizations that have managed to show great evidence of excellence in their operations, nicely coupled with the maturing of the principles of project management.
In this first one, a dedicated professional to driving and changing the project management profession has gone through a clear maturity path in her leading strategic work with the Mayo Clinic. As a certified Portfolio Management Professional by the Project Management Institute (PMI), she has tackled the critical transformation objectives required to get project management to a strategic competency via orchestrating a set of interconnected change initiatives as part of her portfolio responsibility.
Excellence in Action: Strategy Management Services, Mayo Clinic1
One thing that is certain in all aspects of our lives is that "things will change." Regardless of how much planning, preparation, and project management we do; change will continue to occur in both expected and often very unexpected ways. While this is evident in our professional and personal lives, it's also very relevant to the project management profession as well.
Past, Present, and Future
Many of us who have been involved in project management for many years, or many decades as in my case, may remember the days when project management wasn't really "a thing" and it definitely was not a career to be aspired to. People typically got assigned to "get something done" and would use whatever means they could to get people together, figure it out, and use "project heroics" to accomplish it. These early days of basic project management techniques had several successes, but more than likely ended in failures with long project timelines, the need for additional resources, and a variety of unanticipated surprises.
Fortunately, some really smart people figured that there had to be better ways of doing projects and created a series of methodologies, standards, and tools and templates. This began the era of formalized project management when organizations, such as the Project Management Institute (PMI), became known for sharing their knowledge, providing education, certifying practitioners, and establishing the project management profession.
This was particularly important as projects were becoming larger, more complex, and more costly. Project management gained worldwide recognition and adoption as the rate of project success increased and organizations realized the necessity and value of project management. During this time, hundreds of thousands of people became certified Project Management Offices (PMOs) were formed, and the term project management became part of standard business terminology.
As the years passed by and things continue to change there is a need for project management to adapt again as we enter "The Next Generation." This iteration has an increase in technology, business agility, and accelerated deliverables that is requiring project management approaches to pivot and adapt to meet the new needs and challenges for our organizations more quickly than ever before. As Dr. Kerzner has noted, "More project managers are expected to manage strategic projects rather than just traditional or operational projects." With this occurring over the past few years, it was time to introduce this next generation within my organization and move forward in establishing "Strategy Management Services" (SMS) (Figure 1-1).
After establishing and leading the Enterprise Portfolio Management (EPMO) at my organization for 10 years, it was time to move onto the next level, and fortunately I had the opportunity to pursue my SMS vision by taking a new position within a large, innovative department in my organization. In this role, I've been empowered to create the next generation of project management with an established PMO team that was needing a new direction. While it took a few months to formulate, reorganize, and introduce the new approaches; after only two years we are now a well-established high-performing team, have strong business partnerships, and are fully recognized as SMS.
Spectrum of Strategy Management Services
The vision of SMS began with the desire to move beyond the historical perspectives related to project management and a PMO by fully recognizing the critical importance of focusing on Strategic Execution and Value Delivery. While many of the services provided by SMS are based on the foundation provided by project management, business analysis, change management, and other standards, SMS recognizes that the ultimate goal is to deliver the value directed by the strategic vision of the organization.
Figure 1-1 PPM Past, Present, and Future
Figure 1-2 Strategy Management Services
Although there are dozens of books on strategic planning and execution, very few actually bring all the pieces together. Most of us fully realize that all the best strategic planning in the world gets you nowhere if you can't execute it successfully. The SMS "full spectrum of strategic services" is focused on using a logical approach, recognizing the interrelationships across the roles, and beginning with strategy and ending with successful results. This model allows all project stakeholders to recognize their specific roles and clearly understand how all phases need to work together to get the desired outcomes.
The stages of the SMS model are defined as follows (Figure 1-2):
- 01 - Develop Strategy. Partner with business areas to develop approaches to deliver the strategic goals and objectives.
- 02 - Architect Changes. Assess business and system capabilities to determine competencies, weaknesses, and gaps to highlight changes needed.
- 03 - Plan Initiatives. Create plans to address business needs by indicating project goals, leaders, resources, costs, schedule, metrics, and other attributes.
- 04 - Execute Solutions. Successfully deliver business solutions through a multi-disciplinary team comprised of skilled resources committed to achieving business needs.
- 05 - Measure Success. Provide tangible and visible measures of progress toward meeting business goals and objectives.
Project management has typically focused heavily on the model's stages 3 and 4....
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