Biomechanics and Related Bio-Engineering Topics

Name: Biomechanics and Related Bio-Engineering Topics | Proceedings of a Symposium Held in Glasgow, September 1964
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Proceedings of a Symposium Held in Glasgow, September 1964

R. M. Kenedi(Editor)

Elsevier (Publisher)

Published on 5. June 2014

512 pages

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978-1-4831-9449-3 (ISBN)

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Front Cover
Biomechanics and Related Bio-Engineering Topics
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
PREFACE
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS NOT PRESENTAT THE SYMPOSIUM
MEDICAL ENGINEERING EXHIBITORS
INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND THE UNIVERSITIES
GROWTH OF SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE
CRITERION OF SUCCESS
PERSONAL EXPERIENCE
CONFERENCES
SESSION A: CLINICAL AND LABORATORY INSTRUMENTATION AND TECHNIQUES
CHAPTER 1. BIOMECHANICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
THE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SCENE
CENTRAL DIALYZER SYSTEM FOR TREATMENT OF KIDNEY FAILURE
APPARATUS FOR EXPERIMENTAL HEAD INJURY RESEARCH
AUTOMATED MICROTOME
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 2. INSTRUMENTATION IN PLASTIC AND ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY
BASIC ELEMENTS IN ENGINEERING DESIGN
LOCATION OF COMPONENTS
CLAMPING OF COMPONENTS
TOOL GUIDANCE
APPLYING THE PRINCIPLES
ERGONOMIC, ECONOMIC AND INDUSTRIAL DESIGN ASPECTS
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 3. THE DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM TWIST DRILL SHAPE FOR BONE
INTRODUCTION
A BASIS FOR INVESTIGATION
METHOD OF INVESTIGATION
PRELIMINARY RESULTS
CHAPTER 4. PRESENTATION METHODS OF ULTRASONIC ECHO SOUNDING INFORMATION FROM TISSUE INTERFACES
ENERGY SOURCE
RESISTANCES
ADVENTITIOUS FACTORS WHICH MAY INFLUENCE RESULTS
ANGLES OF INCIDENCE AND REFLECTION
DISPLAY OF INFORMATION
HAZARDS AND INCONVENIENCES TO THE PATIENT
LIMITATIONS OF THE PRESENT TECHNIQUE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 5. APPLICATIONS OF ULTRASOUND IMAGE CONVERTERS IN BIOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
COMPARISON OF PULSE ECHO AND IMAGE CONVERTER TECHNIQUES
TYPES OF ELECTRONIC IMAGE CONVERSION SYSTEMS
DETAILS OF IMAGE CONVERTER SYSTEM USED FOR THESE STUDIES
OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A PRACTICAL ULTRASOUND IMAGE SYSTEM
APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRONIC ULTRASOUND IMAGE CONVERTERS
NEED FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 6. TELEMETERING TECHNIQUES FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS
INTRODUCTION
TELEMETRY OUTSIDE THE BODY
APPLICATIONS OF TELEMETRY FROM INSIDE THE BODY
CHOICE OF MODULATION
CHOICE OF FREQUENCY
POWER SOURCES
TELECONTROL BY MAGNETIC FIELDS
TRANSDUCERS
RELIABILITY
MATERIALS FOR IMPLANTED EQUIPMENT
POSSIBILITIES OF FURTHER MINIATURIZATION
CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 7. DISCUSSION
REFERENCES
SESSION B: THE BROAD ASPECTS OF INTERDISCIPLINARY COLLABORATION-SPECIALIZED CLINICAL AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS
CHAPTER 8. BIOMECHANICS IN ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY
MECHANICAL STRESS AND THE MODELLING OF BONE
MECHANICAL STRESS AND THE REPAIR OF BONE
IMMOBILIZATION IN ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 9. RADIO-TELEMETERING WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACK
THE PRESSURE ENDORADIOSONDE
pH SENSITIVE ENDORADIOSONDE
STUDIES ON GASTRO-INTESTINAL MOTILITY AFTER VAGOTOMY USING THE PRESSURE-SENSITIVE ENDORADIOSONDE
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 10. BIOMECHANICS IN PLASTIC SURGERY
NORMAL TENSIONS IN SKIN
THE EFFECT OF INCREASED TENSION ON THE SKIN
THE EFFECT OF TENSION ON THE COLLAGEN OF THE DERMIS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 11. THE RESPONSE OF THE HUMAN BODY TO IMPACT
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
CHAPTER 12. DISCUSSION
SESSION C: STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TISSUE, CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STUDIES AND THEIR ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 13. BIO-ENGINEERING STUDIES OF THE HUMAN SKIN II
TESTS ON DETACHED SPECIMENS
TESTS IN SITU ON LIVE SKIN
SUMMARY
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 14. HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES OF STRESSED SKIN
INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 15. A RHEOLOGICAL STUDY OF SKIN
METHODS
RESULTS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 16. APPLICATION OF ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES TO THE PHYSIOLOGY OF BONE
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 17. THE HAEMODYNAMICS OF BONE
NORMAL MARROW PRESSURE AND BLOOD-FLOW IN BONE
THE EFFECTS OF OCCLUSION OF BLOOD VESSELS
THE CONTROL OF MARROW PRESSURE AND BLOOD-FLOW
CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 18. DYNAMIC CONSIDERATIONS OF THE HUMAN SKELETAL SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
ANALOGY OF CONSOLIDATION
CONSOLIDATION OF CARTILAGE UNDER STATIC LOADING
ANALOGY FOR PROCESS OF ENERGY ABSORPTION IN CARTILAGE
ACTION OF CARTILAGE UNDER DYNAMIC LOADING
CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 19. SOME ENGINEERING AND MEDICAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH MASSIVE BONE REPLACEMENT
INTRODUCTION
BIOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL FACTORS IN PROSTHETIC SURGERY
SELECTION OF PATIENTS
THE STABILIZATION OR FIXATION OF THE IMPLANT
COMPARISON OF LATERAL PLATE AND INTRAMEDULLARY PIN AND CEMENT FIXATION
REPLACEMENT OF WEIGHT-BEARING JOINTS
THE HUMAN GAIT
THE HUMAN HIP JOINT
EXPERIMENTAL WORK USING THE PIN AND DISC MACHINE
THE ARTIFICIAL HUMAN JOINT TEST RIG
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 20. ATIRITION OF TEETH
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS
LABORATORY TESTS
CHAPTER 21. DISCUSSION
SESSION D: STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TISSUE, CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STUDIES AND THEIR ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 22. BLOOD FLOW MEASUREMENTS
INTRODUCTION
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTE"M
MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
COMPARISONS BETWEEN THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 23. VENOUS BLOOD FLOW CHARACTERISTICS
INTRODUCTION
THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION DISCUSSED AS A MECHANICAL SYSTEM
PHYSICAL PHENOMENA RELATED TO CIRCULATION DYNAMICS
THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF VASCULAR TISSUE
THE VENOUS FLOW SYSTEM
THE CALF-MUSCLE PUMP
VENOUS VALVES OF THE LOWER LIMB
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 24. THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COSTAL CARTILAGE
INTRODUCTION
DISTORTION OF CARTILAGE GRAFTS
EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE: BASIC MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COSTAL CARTILAGE
EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE: SELF LOCKED STRESS EVALUATION
ANALYSIS OF THE EXPERIMENTALLY DETERMINED SELF LOCKED STRESS SYSTEM IN COSTAL CARTILAGE
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
APPENDIX I.
APPENDIX II.
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 25. LARGE DEFORMATIONS IN AMORPHOUS POLYMERS
INTRODUCTION
THE STATISTICAL (OR KINETIC) THEORY OF RUBBERLIKE ELASTICITY
THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL THEORY OF FINITE-STRAIN ELASTICITY FOR ISOTROPIC MATERIALS
FLOW PROPERTIES OF CONCENTRATED SOLUTIONS AND MELTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 26.DISCUSSION
SESSION E: COLLABORATIVE MEDICAL-ENGINEERING STUDIES OF SOME OF THE MAJOR CLINICAL PROBLEMS OF THE PRESENT DAY
CHAPTER 27. CLINICAL ASPECTS OF FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE
FRACTURE LEVEL
AGE
SEX
OSTEOPOROSIS
AVASCULAR NECROSIS
TREATMENT
FORCES AND DEFORMITY
FIXING METHODS
COMMENTS
DISCUSSION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 28.FORCES IN THE HIP-JOINT
Part (I) General Considerations
CHAPTER 29. FORCES IN THE HIP-JOINT
Part (II) Intravital Measurements
THE MEASURING PROSTHESIS
FRICTION IN THE HIP-JOINT
RESULTS
CHAPTER 30. BIO-ENGINEERING STUDIES OF THE FORCES TRANSMlTIED BY JOINTS
(I) The Phasic Relationship of the Hip Muscles in Walking
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CHAPTER 31. BIO-ENGINEERING STUDIES OF THE FORCES TRANSMITIED BY JOINTS
(II) Engineering Analysis
ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
PRELlMINARY RESULTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 32. LOAD CAPACITY OF TUBULAR BONE
PRESENT INVESTIGATION
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 33. DISCUSSION
REFERENCES
SESSION F: ASPECTS OF HUMAN LOCOMOTION, ARTIFICIAL LIMBS
CHAPTER 34. HUMAN GAIT CHARACTERISTICS
SOME GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
BIOMECHANICS OF GAIT
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 35. KNEE CONTROLS FOR ARTIFICIAL LEGS
THE GAIT CYCLE
THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE STANCE PHASE
THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SWING PHASE
NORMALITY
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 36. MOVEMENT AND CONTROL IN EXTERNALLY POWERED PROSTHESES AND SPLINTS
POWERED MOVEMENTS REQUIRED
CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS
PERFORMANCE OF CONTROL SYSTEMS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 37. DISCUSSION
SESSION G: ANALOGUES, OPEN TOPIC CONTRIBUTIONS
CHAPTER 38. THE E-LECTRICAL ANALOGUE FOR LUNG FUNCTION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 39. A PSYCHOTIC ANALOGUE
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 40. DISCUSSION
CHAPTER 41. SUMMARY OF PROCEEDINGS
INDEX

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Biomechanics and Related Bio-Engineering Topics

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