Introduction to Modern Biochemistry
2nd Edition
Published on 12. May 2014
456 pages
978-1-4832-6778-4 (ISBN)
Description
Introduction to Modern Biochemistry, Second Edition focuses on the methodologies, processes, reactions, and technologies involved in biochemistry. The publication first takes a look at organic chemistry and biochemistry, amino acids, and peptides. Discussions focus on the determination of amino acid sequence in peptides, naturally occurring peptides, chemical properties, separation of amino acids, hydrocarbons as parent substances, functional groups, polymeric compounds, and reactions with biochemical significance. The text then ponders on proteins, enzymes and biocatalysis, and coenzymes. The manuscript examines nucleic acids and protein biosynthesis, metabolism of proteins, and porphyrins and hemins. Topics include chemical constitution of heme, significance and reactions of blood pigment, metabolism of aromatic amino acids, degradation to activated fatty acids, decarboxylation of amino acids, and biosynthesis and degradation of nucleotides. The text also ponders on carbon dioxide formation in the citrate cycle, fats and fat metabolism, and phosphatides, cerebrosides, and gangliosides. The book is a valuable reference for biochemists and researchers interested in the processes, approaches, and technologies involved in biochemistry.
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Content
Foreword to the First EditionPreface to the Second EditionPreface to the First EditionIntroductionI Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry 1. Hydrocarbons as Parent Substances 2. Functional Groups 3. Polymeric Compounds 4. Isomerisms 5. Reactions with Biochemical Significance BibliographyII Amino Acids 1. Chemical Properties 2. Individual Amino Acids 3. Separation of Amino Acids BibliographyIII Peptides 1. Structure and Nomenclature 2. Determination of Amino Acid Sequence in Peptides 3. Naturally Occurring Peptides BibliographyIV Proteins 1. Structure of Proteins 2. Primary Structure 3. Secondary Structure 4. Tertiary Structure and Denaturation 5. Molecular Weights of Proteins 6. Colloidal Nature of Proteins 7. Purification and Check of Purity 8. Classification of Globular Proteins 9. Plasma Proteins BibliographyV Enzymes and Biocatalysis 1. Chemical Nature of Enzymes 2. Chemical Equilibria and Chemical Energetics 3. Catalysts and Enzymes 4. Dynamic Equilibrium and the Steady State 5. Energetic Coupling and Energy-Rich Compounds 6. Specificity of Enzyme Catalysis 7. Michaelis' Theory 8. The Mechanism of Enzyme Catalysis 9. Conditions for Enzyme Activity 10. Classification and Nomenclature of Enzymes BibliographyVI Coenzymes 1. Coenzymes and Prosthetic Groups 2. Coenzymes and Vitamins 3. Structure and Classification of Coenzymes 4. Coenzymes of the Oxidoreductases 5. Group-Transferring Coenzymes 6. Coenzymes of Lyases, Isomerases, and Ligases BibliographyVII Nucleic Acids and Protein Biosynthesis 1. Bases, Nucleosides, and Nucleotides 2. Biosynthesis and Degradation of Nucleotides 3. Structure of Nucleic Acids 4. Deoxyribonucleic Acid as Carrier of Genetic Information 5. The Transfer of Information: Biosynthesis of DNA and RNA 6. Protein Biosynthesis 7. Mode of Action of Genes 8. Biochemistry of Viruses 9. Nucleic Acid-Cleaving Enzymes and Phosphatases BibliographyVIII Metabolism of Proteins 1. Proteolytic Enzymes 2. Endopeptidases 3. Exopeptidases and Dipeptidases 4. Outline of the Metabolism of Amino Acids 5. Decarboxylation of Amino Acids 6. Transamination 7. Oxidative Deamination 8. Urea Cycle 9. Fate of the Carbon Skeleton of Amino Acids 10. Degradation to Activated Fatty Acids: Oxidative Decarboxylation 11. Metabolism of Aromatic Amino Acids 12. Amino Acids Supplying C1 Fragments 13. Ketoglutaric Acid or C4-Dicarboxylic-Acid-Supplying Amino Acids BibliographyIX Porphyrins and Hemins 1. Biosynthesis of the Porphyrin System 2. Chemical Constitution of Heme 3. Multiplicity of Porphyrin Catalysis 4. The Significance and Reactions of Blood Pigment 5. Degradation of the Blood Pigment 6. Cytochromes, Catalases, and Peroxidases. Chlorophyll BibliographyX Biologic Oxidation-Metabolism of Oxygen 1. Combustion and Biologic Oxidation 2. Oxidation as a Loss of Electrons 3. The Redox Potential 4. The Respiratory Chain 5. The Electron-Transport Particles 6. Oxidative Phosphorylation (Respiratory Chain Phosphorylation) 7. Other Oxygen-Activating Enzymes BibliographyXI Carbon Dioxide Formation in the Citrate Cycle 1. Significance of the Citrate Cycle 2. The Individual Steps 3. Energy Yield of the Citrate Cycle 4. Relations to Synthetic Tasks. Glyoxylate Cycle BibliographyXII Fats and Fat Metabolism 1. Chemical Composition of Fats 2. Fats as Depot Material 3. ß-Oxidation of Fatty Acids 4. Formation of Acetoacetate-"Ketogenesis 5. Metabolism of Branched-Chain Fatty Acids 6. Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids BibliographyXIII Phosphatides, Cerebrosides, Gangliosides 1. Occurrence and Classification 2. Glycerophosphatides 3.
