
Advances in Fuzzy Logic and Technology 2017
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This volume constitutes the proceedings of two collocated international conferences: EUSFLAT-2017 - the 10th edition of the flagship Conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology held in Warsaw, Poland, on September 11-15, 2017, and IWIFSGN'2017 - The Sixteenth International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets, held in Warsaw on September 13-15, 2017. The conferences were organized by the Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department IV of Engineering Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, and the Polish Operational and Systems Research Society in collaboration with the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology (EUSFLAT), the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and various European universities.
The aim of the EUSFLAT-2017 was to bring together theoreticians and practitioners working on fuzzy logic, fuzzy systems, soft computing and related areas and to provide a platform for exchanging ideas and discussing the l
atest trends and ideas, while the aim of IWIFSGN'2017 was to discuss new developments in extensions of the concept of a fuzzy set, such as an intuitionistic fuzzy set, as well as other concepts, like that of a generalized net. The papers included, written by leading international experts, as well as the special sessions and panel discussions contribute to the development the field, strengthen collaborations and intensify networking.More details
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Content
- Intro
- Foreword
- Contents
- Fuzzy Model Based Predictive Control of Reaction Temperature in a Pilot Plant
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Fuzzy Model of the Pilot Plant
- 3 Functional Principal Component Analysis
- 4 Simplified Model Predictive Control
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- On Fuzzy Cluster Validity Indexes for High Dimensional Feature Space
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background
- 2.1 Document Preprocessing
- 2.2 Fuzzy Document Clustering
- 2.3 Fuzzy Validity Indexes
- 2.4 Fuzzy Cluster Descriptor Extraction
- 3 Experimental Results
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- OFNBee Method Used for Solving a Set of Benchmarks
- 1 OFNBee Algorithm
- 1.1 The Ordered Fuzzy Numbers
- 1.2 OFNBee
- 2 ABC Algorithm
- 3 PSO Algorithm
- 4 Function
- 4.1 Cross-in-Tray Function
- 4.2 Holder Table Function
- 4.3 Bukin function N. 6
- 4.4 Griewank Function
- 4.5 Shubert Function
- 4.6 Goldstein Price Function
- 5 Terms of the Experiment
- 6 Results of the Experiment
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Quality of Daily Work & Life Index -- A Definition and Its Evaluation in a Fuzzy Way
- 1 Introduction
- 2 State of Art and Our Proposal
- 3 Questionnaire and Database
- 4 System Description
- 4.1 Local Offer Description
- 5 Results and Their Analysis
- 5.1 Composition of the Sample and Average Evaluation by Level of Education
- 5.2 Composition and Average Rating of the Sample by Economic Sector
- 5.3 Composition and Average Rating of the Sample by Marital Status
- 5.4 Composition and Average Rating of the Sample by Job Type
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- A New Edge Detector Based on SMOTE and Logistic Regression
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 2.1 Logistic Regression Model
- 2.2 SMOTE
- 3 Edge Detector Based on SMOTE and Logistic Regression
- 4 Experimental Results
- 5 Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- A New Edge Detection Approach Based on Fuzzy Segments Clustering
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Edge Detection
- 3 Edge Segments
- 4 A New Edge Detection Approach Based on Fuzzy Segments Clustering
- 5 Comparison and Results
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- A Note on Defuzzification of Fuzzy Pre-orders and Transitivity of Its Minimal Regular Strict Component
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries on Factorization and Properties on Strict Components
- 3 Structure of Fuzzy Binary Relations
- 3.1 Crisp Orderly Classification of Elements of the Universe Equipped with a Transitive Fuzzy Relation
- 3.2 Transitivity of PR when RFO
- 4 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Metrics of Symmetric Difference on Fuzzy Sets Based on R-implicators of the Usual Families of t-norms
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 2.1 Fuzzy Implications, Difference and Symmetric Difference
- 2.2 From Measures to Metrics: Definition and relationship with Gotwald Metrics
- 3 t-norms generating Metrics from Symmetric Difference Operations
- 3.1 Condition on t-norms for generating Metrics
- 3.2 Metrics of Cardinality of Symmetric Difference of Fuzzy Sets generated by Parameterized Families of t-norms
- 4 Concluding Remarks
- References
- An Enhanced Approach to Rule Base Simplification of First-Order Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy Inference Systems
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Interpretable Fuzzy Models
- 2.1 Takagi-Sugeno Model
- 2.2 Rule Base Simplification
- 2.3 Similarity-Based Rule Base Simplification
- 3 Handling Consequent Parameters
- 4 Examples
- 4.1 Example 1: Artificial Data
- 4.2 Example 2: Benchmark Data
- 4.3 Example 3: Real-World Data
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Fitting Symmetric Fuzzy Measures for Discrete Sugeno Integration
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Data Interpolation: Fitting with Zero Error
- 3 Data Approximation: Fitting with Error
- 3.1 Exact Algorithm: Branch-and-Bound
- 3.2 Nonlinear Derivative-Free Solvers
- 3.3 Experiments
- 4 Applications in Bibliometrics
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- A Novel Fuzzy Approach for Manager Selection in Organizations Through Multi Agent Simulation with Personal Characteristics
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background
- 2.1 Related Work
- 2.2 Fuzzy Systems
- 2.3 Software Agents
- 2.4 Five Factor Model of Personality, Emotions and Cognitive Features
- 3 The Proposed Model
- 4 Fuzzy Inference
- 4.1 Emotions
- 4.2 Performance
- 4.3 Management Leadership Level
- 5 Simulation
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Toward General Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Systems Based on Shadowed Sets
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 General Type 2 Fuzzy Sets
- 3 Type-2 Shadow Sets
- 4 Toward the Shadowed Type-2 Fuzzy Model
- 4.1 Calculate the Shadowed Intervals
- 4.1.1 Triangular Membership Function
- 4.1.2 Gaussian Membership Function
- 5 Simulation Results
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Clustering U.S. 2016 Presidential Candidates Through Linguistic Appraisals
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Consensus and Clustering
- 2.1 Preliminaries
- 2.2 Consensus
- 2.3 Clustering
- 3 Clustering Presidential Candidates
- 4 Concluding Remarks
- References
- A Fuzzy Modelling Approach to Laundry Industry
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods
- 2.1 The Problem of Input Uncertainty in Industry
- 2.2 Fuzzy Notations
- 2.3 Problem Description
- 3 Proposed Solution
- 4 Simulations
- 5 Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Time-series-dynamics Modeling and Forecasting -- An Accurate and Interpretable Genetic-Fuzzy Approach
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Fuzzy Rule-Based Computational Scheme for Time-series-dynamics Modeling and Forecasting
- 3 An Extension of Our Fuzzy Rule-Based Classifier () for the Case of Continuous Outputs and its Genetic Learning and Optimization
- 4 Application to Measurement-Based Time Series Modeling and Forecasting
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Extending Formal Fuzzy Sets with Triangular Norms and Conorms
- 1 Introduction
- 2 A Formal Primer of Fuzzy Sets
- 3 Triangular Norms and Conorms
- 4 The Role of Revisions of the Repository
- 5 In Quest of Formal Catalogue of Norms and Conorms
- 6 Conclusion and Further Work
- References
- The Mann-Whitney Test for Interval-Valued Data
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Mann-Whitney Test
- 3 Interval-Valued Data
- 4 The Mann-Whitney Test for Interval Data
- 5 Some Properties of the Test
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Graph Approach in Image Segmentation
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Classifying Image Processing Techniques from Their Output
- 3 Fuzzy Image Segmentation
- 3.1 Definition of Fuzzy Image Segmentation
- 3.2 From Hierarchical Segmentation to Fuzzy Segmentation
- 3.3 Fuzzy Image Segmentation Visualization
- 4 Boundary-Based Evaluation Methodology for Hierarchical Segmentation
- 4.1 Computational Experiences
- 5 Final Remarks
- References
- Fuzzy Model for the Prediction of the Dosage of Cement Mortars
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Laboratory Experiments with Mortars
- 2.1 Experiments Design
- 2.2 Collected Data in the Laboratory About Mortars Behaviour
- 2.3 Results Analysis
- 3 Construction of the Proposed FRBS
- 3.1 Identification of the Input/Output Variables of the Fuzzy System
- 3.2 Assignment of Fuzzy Sets to the Linguistic Labels
- 3.3 Construction of the Rule Base
- 3.4 Selection of the Fuzzy Inference Method
- 4 Evaluation of the Proposed Fuzzy System
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- The Law of Contraposition and the Law of Importation for Probabilistic S-Implications
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 3 The Law of Contraposition for Probabilistic S-Implication
- 4 The Law of Importation for Probabilistic S-Implications
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Possibilistic Analysis of Bayesian Estimators When Imprecise Prior Information Is Described by Shadowed Sets
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Bayesian Statistical Decisions
- 3 Shadowed Sets
- 4 Bayesian Statistical Decisions with Shadowed Sets
- 5 Possibilistic Analysis
- 6 Numerical Example
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- SIFT with the F-transform Pre-processing
- 1 Introduction
- 2 SIFT
- 2.1 Scale-Space Extrema Detection
- 2.2 Keypoint Localization
- 2.3 Orientation Assignment
- 2.4 Keypoint Descriptors
- 3 F-transform for Functions of Two Variables
- 3.1 Generalized Fuzzy Partitions
- 3.2 Direct F-transform
- 3.3 F-transform with Supplements
- 3.4 F-transform Image Downscaling Algorithm
- 4 Experiments
- 4.1 Experiment Settings
- 4.2 Experiment Results
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Edge Detection Competition -- Algorithms Based on Image Represented by a Fuzzy Function
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Fuzzy Image Gradient Approximation with Thresholding (FIT)
- 3 Fuzzy Image Gradient Approximation with Thresholding and Non-maxima Suppression (FITS)
- 4 Edges Tracked from Interest Points (ETIP)
- 5 Summary
- References
- Estimating the Fuzzy Trade-Offs Between Health Dimensions with Standard Time Trade-Off Data
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Model
- 2.1 Individual Respondent's Preferences
- 2.2 Respondents Behaviour in TTO
- 2.3 Model Estimation
- 3 Empirical Feasibility Study
- 3.1 Data
- 3.2 Results
- 4 Discussion
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- A New Method for Solving Square Fuzzy Linear Systems
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 2.1 Generalized Inverses
- 2.2 Fuzzy Linear Systems
- 3 A New Method for Solving General, Square FLS
- 4 Numerical Examples
- References
- A Dynamic Bayesian Network Based Collaborative Filtering Model for Multi-stage Recommendation
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Dynamic Models for Recommendation
- 3 Collaborative Filtering for Multi-stage Recommendation
- 3.1 Model Description
- 3.2 Parameter Estimation
- 3.3 Prediction and Multi-stage Recommendation
- 4 Experiment and Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Two-step Algorithm for Image Inpainting
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Clustering
- 3 Similarities
- 4 Image Inpainting
- 5 Experimental Results
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Data-Mining Approach to Finding Weights in the Model Averaging for Forecasting of Short Time Series
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Forecasting with Data-Mining Weights
- 2.1 Similarity Between Time Series
- 2.2 Aggregation of the Similarities for Training Examples from the Same Model
- 2.3 Forecasting with Model Averaging
- 3 Simulations
- 4 Experimental Results for Benchmark Data
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Multicriteria Scoring Methods Using Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets
- 3 Literature Review: Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets and Decision Making
- 4 Pythagorean Fuzzy Scoring Methods
- 4.1 PF Simple Additive Weighting Method
- 4.2 PF Weighted Product Method
- 5 An Illustrative Example
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Present Worth Analysis Using Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets
- 3 Literature Review
- 4 Pythagorean Fuzzy Present Worth Analysis
- 5 Application
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Interval-Valued Neutrosophic Extension of EDAS Method
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Interval-Valued Neutrosophic EDAS
- 2.1 Preliminaries
- 2.2 Interval-Valued Neutrosophic EDAS Method
- 3 Illustrative Example
- 3.1 Problem Definition
- 3.2 Problem Solution
- 3.3 Sensitivity Analysis
- 3.4 Comparison of Interval-Valued Neutrosophic EDAS with Crisp EDAS and Crisp TOPSIS
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Scheduling Alternatives with Respect to Fuzzy and Preference Modeling on Time Parameters
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Concepts and Definitions on Fuzzy and Preference Modelling
- 3 Fuzzy MRCPSP Problem Formulation
- 4 Branch-and-Bound Approach to Solving Fuzzy MRCPSP
- 5 Conclusion and Future Research
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Aggregation of Forecasts and Recommendations of Financial Analysts in the Framework of Evidence Theory
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background of Evidence Theory
- 3 The Survey Data
- 4 Implementation
- 4.1 Determination of Focal Elements and Bodies of Analysts' Evidence
- 4.2 Different Combining Strategies and Forecast Error Estimation
- 5 The Results
- 6 Summary and Conclusion
- References
- Usage of RDM Interval Arithmetic for Solving Cubic Interval Equation
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Cardano's Rule for Solving Cubic Equation with Interval Coefficients
- 3 Numerical Examples
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- A Fuzzy Take on Graded Beliefs
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Works
- 2.1 Weighted Modal Logics
- 2.2 Frameworks for Graded Belief Representation
- 2.3 Motivation for the Proposed Approach
- 3 Proposed Fuzzy Reading of Belief Degrees
- 3.1 Syntax
- 3.2 Belief Degree as Fuzzy Membership
- 3.3 Doxastic Reading of Fuzzy Properties
- 4 Fuzzy Reading of Graded Belief Conjunction and Disjunction
- 5 Fuzzy Reading of Graded Belief Negation (Axiom D)
- 6 Fuzzy Reading of Graded Belief Implication (Axiom K)
- 7 Fuzzy Reading of the Introspection Axioms (4 and 5)
- 8 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Refocusing Attention on Unobserved Attributes to Reach Consensus in Decision Making Problems Involving a Heterogeneous Group of Experts
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 2.1 Augmented Appraisal Degrees
- 2.2 Augmented Atanassov Fuzzy Sets
- 3 A Consensus Reaching Process over Alternatives Having a Flexible Set of Attributes
- 3.1 Problem Statement
- 3.2 Consensus Reaching Process in FAST-GDM Problems
- 3.3 Illustrative Example
- 4 Related Work
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Fuzzy Edge Detection on Hyperspectral Images Using Upper and Lower Operators
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 3 Upper and Lower Operators on Hyperspectral Imagery
- 3.1 Fuzzy Edge Detection on Hyperspectral Imagery
- 3.2 The Upper-Lower Edge Detector
- 3.3 Hyperspectral Total Variation Fusion Using OWA Operators
- 4 A Case Study
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Gradient Fusion Operators for Vector-Valued Image Processing
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Gradients in Vector-Valued Images
- 2.1 Multidimensional Imagery
- 2.2 When Partial Differences Turn into Jacobian Matrices
- 2.3 From Jacobian Matrices to Vectors
- 3 Case Study: A Regularization Scale-Space
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Analyzing the Behavior of Aggregation and Pre-aggregation Functions in Fuzzy Rule-Based Classification Systems with Data Complexity Measures
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 2.1 Basic Concepts
- 2.2 The Fuzzy Reasoning Method Using Generalized Choquet Integrals
- 3 Data Complexity Measures
- 3.1 Measures of Overlap of Individual Feature Values
- 3.2 Measures of Separability of Classes
- 3.3 Measures of Topology, Geometry and Density of Manifolds
- 3.4 Extracting Domains of Competence
- 4 Experimental Framework
- 4.1 Datasets
- 4.2 Data Complexity Measures for Datasets
- 4.3 Domains of Competence of Different Approaches
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Transformation of Variance to Possibilistic Variance and Vice Versa
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Notation Used Throughout the Paper
- 3 Transformations Between the Variance Function and Possibilistic Variance Function for Triangular Fuzzy Numbers
- 3.1 Transformation from x to (i.e., in this paper from varx(A) to var(A)) for Triangular Fuzzy Numbers
- 3.2 Transformation from to x (i.e., in this paper from var(A) to varx(A)) for Triangular Fuzzy Numbers
- 4 Transformations Between the Variance Function and Possibilistic Variance Function for Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers
- 4.1 Transformation from x to (i.e., from varx(A) to var(A)) for Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers
- 4.2 Transformation from to x (i.e., from var(A) to varx(A)) for Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- A Gravitational Approach to Image Smoothing
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 3 Image Smoothing Using Gravitational Forces
- 4 Construction of the Gravitational Forces System
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Ordered Fuzzy GARCH Model for Volatility Forecasting
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Fuzzy Background Concepts
- 2.1 Ordered Fuzzy Numbers (OFN)
- 2.2 Ordered Fuzzy Candlesticks (OFC)
- 3 Fuzzy Returns and Ordered Fuzzy GARCH Model
- 3.1 Original GARCH Model
- 3.2 Fuzzy Returns
- 3.3 Ordered Fuzzy GARCH Model
- 4 Empirical Results
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Detecting Anomalous Network Traffic Using Evidence Theory
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background and Related Work
- 2.1 Background
- 2.2 Related Work
- 3 Belief-Based System for Anomaly Detection
- 3.1 System Overview
- 3.2 Determining bbm Values
- 3.3 Integration of Classification Results
- 4 Network Traffic Data
- 4.1 Data Collection
- 4.2 Preparation of Data Sets
- 5 Construction of Classifiers
- 5.1 Machine Learning Based Classifiers
- 5.2 Threshold-Based Classifier
- 6 Experimental Results
- 6.1 System Performance
- 6.2 Analysis of Ambiguous Cases
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Fuzzy Logic Controller Design for the Ground Collision Avoidance System (GCAS)
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Fuzzy Logic
- 1.2 Automatic Ground Collision Avoidance System
- 2 Research Platform
- 3 Design of the Fuzzy Control
- 3.1 Determination of Input and Output Signals
- 3.2 Making Membership Functions for Input Signals
- 3.3 Making Membership Functions for Output Signals
- 3.4 Making the Bases of Principles
- 3.5 System Examination
- 3.6 Optimization
- 3.7 Simulink
- 4 Activation of GCAS System
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- A Bibliometric Analysis of the First Twenty Years of Soft Computing
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Bibliometric Methods
- 3 Leading Authors, Institutions and Countries of SC
- 4 Publication and Citation Structure
- 5 Graphical Visualization of SC
- 6 Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- On Invariant Measures on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Invariant States
- 3 Conclusion
- References
- Special and Inversely Special Properties of Fuzzy Implications
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 3 Special and Inversely Special Properties
- 3.1 Special and Inversely Special Properties for R-Implications
- 3.2 Special and Inversely Special Properties for (S,N)-implications, f-implications and g-implications
- 3.3 Special and Inversely Special Properties for Implications Based on Copulas
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Image Contours Detection with Deep Features and SVM
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Dataset
- 3 Multiscale Deep Features
- 4 Classification
- 5 Post Processing
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- On the Use of Divergences for Defining Entropies for Atanassov Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Atanassov Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets
- 3 Entropies for AIFSs from the Perspective of Szmidt and Kacprzyk
- 3.1 SK-entropies from Divergences
- 3.2 Examples
- 4 Entropies for AIFSs from the Perspective of Burrillo and Bustince
- 4.1 BB-entropies from Divergences
- 4.2 Examples
- 5 Numerical Examples
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Using Group Decision Making Methods to Extract Experts Knowledge
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 2.1 Group Decision Making Methods
- 2.2 Fuzzy Ontology
- 3 A Novel Method to Extract and Store Subjective Information from Experts
- 3.1 Ranking Process
- 3.2 Fuzzy Ontology Creation Process
- 3.3 Fuzzy Ontology Consulting Process
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Ant Colony Based Fuzzy C-Means Clustering for Very Large Data
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Model Proposed
- 3.1 Motivation
- 3.2 Methodology
- 4 Datasets Used
- 5 Experiments
- 5.1 Experimental Results
- 5.2 Analysis of Results
- 6 Future Work and Conclusion
- References
- An Algorithm for Intermediate Quantifiers and the Graded Square of Opposition Towards Linguistic Description of Data
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background
- 3 The Original and the Modified Definition
- 3.1 Motivation
- 3.2 A Modified Definition
- 4 The Algorithm
- 5 The Graded Square of Opposition
- 6 Example
- 6.1 An Explanation of Contraries
- 6.2 An Explanation of Sub-contraries
- 6.3 An Explanation of Sub-alterns
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Undefined Values in Fuzzy Logic
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Definitions
- 2.1 The Truth Values
- 2.2 The Connectives
- 3 Examples
- 3.1 Examination Grades
- 3.2 Other Examples
- 4 Further Extension -- Interval Truth Values Modelling Unknown
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- A Hybrid Approach for Extracting Classification Rules Based on Rough Set Methodology and Fuzzy Inference System and Its Application in Groundwater Quality Assessment
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Preliminaries
- 2.1 Information System (IS)
- 2.2 Indiscernibility Relation and Set Approximation
- 3 Fuzzy Inference System
- 3.1 Membership Function
- 3.2 Fuzzy Set Operations
- 3.3 The Inference Rule
- 3.4 The Inference System Structure
- 4 The Proposed Approach and Its Application in Groundwater Quality Assessment
- 5 Results and Discussion
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Author Index
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