The Oxford Handbook of the Science of Science Communication

Introduction: Why Science Communication? Editors - Dan Kahan, Dietram Scheufele, and Kathleen Hall Jamieson Part I: THE SCIENCE OF COMMUNICATING SCIENCE 1. The Need for a Science of Science Communication: Communicating Science's Values and Norms Kathleen Hall Jamieson - Elizabeth Ware Packard Professor of Communication and Director, Annenberg Public Policy Center - University of Pennsylvania 2. Overview of the Science of Science Communication Heather Akin - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania Dietram Scheufele - John E. Ross Professor of Science Communication and Vilas Distinguished Achievement Professor - University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Morgridge Institute for Research 3. On the Sources of Ordinary Science Knowledge and Extraordinary Science Ignorance Dan Kahan - Elizabeth K. Dollard Professor of Law and Professor of Psychology - Yale University 4. How Changing Media Structures Are Affecting Science News Coverage Mike S. Schäfer - Professor of Science Communication - University of Zürich, Switzerland 5. What the Public Thinks and Knows about Science: And Why It Matters William Hallman - Professor of Human Ecology - Rutgers University 6. Scientific Controversies: Can the Science of Science Communication Provide Management Guidance or only Analysis? Bruce Lewenstein - Professor of Science Communication - Cornell University 7. A Recap: The Science of Communicating Science Joseph Hilgard - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania Nan Li - Assistant Professor of Agricultural Education and Communications - Texas Tech University Part II: IDENTIFYING AND OVERCOMING CHALLENGES TO SCIENCE FEATURED IN ATTACKS ON SCIENCE 8. Science as "Broken" vs. Science as "Self-Correcting": How Retractions and Peer-Review Problems are Exploited to Attack Science Joseph Hilgard - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania Kathleen Hall Jamieson - Elizabeth Ware Packard Professor of Communication and Director, Annenberg Public Policy Center - University of Pennsylvania 9. Publication Bias in Science: What is it, Why is it Problematic, and How Can It Be Addressed? Andrew Brown - Scientist, Nutrition and Obesity Research Center and Office of Energetics - University of Alabama at Birmingham Tapan Mehta - Assistant Professor in Health Services Administration and Associate Scientist, Nutrition Obesity Research Center - University of Alabama at Birmingham David Allison - Quetelet Endowed Professor of Public Health, Associate Dean for Science, and Director, Office of Energetics - University of Alabama at Birmingham 10. Statistical Biases in Science Communication: What We Know About Them and How They Can Be Addressed John Ioannidis - C.F. Rehnborg Chair in Disease Prevention, Professor of Medicine, and Director, Stanford Prevention Research Center (SPRC) - Stanford University 11. Is there a Hype Problem in Science? If So, How is it Addressed? Peter Weingart - Professor Emeritus and former Director, Center for Interdisciplinary Research - University of Bielefeld, Germany 12. Is there a Retraction Problem? And, If So, What Do We Know About How It Is and Can Be Addressed? Adam Marcus - Co-Founder - Retraction Watch; Managing Editor - Gastroenterology & Endoscopy News and Anesthesiology News Ivan Oransky - Co-Founder - Retraction Watch; Vice President and Global Editorial Director - MedPage Today 13. A Recap: Identifying and Overcoming Challenges to Science Featured in Attacks on Science Joseph Hilgard - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania PART III: SCIENCE COMUNICATION IN ACTION: FAILURES & SUCCESSES 14. A Comparative Study of Communication about Food Safety Before, During and After the "Mad Cow" Crisis Matteo Ferrari - Assistant Professor of Private Law - University of Trento, Italy 15. Cross-National Comparative Communication and Deliberation about the Risks of Nanotechnologies Nick Pidgeon - Professor of Environmental Psychology and Director, Understanding Risk Research Group - Cardiff University, Wales Barbara Herr Harthorn - Professor of Anthropology, Director, NSF Center for Nanotechnology in Society, and group leader, NSF/EPA UC Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology - University of California, Santa Barbara Terre Satterfield -Professor of Culture, Risk and the Environment and Director, Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability - University of British Columbia, Canada Christina Demski - Professor of Social & Environmental Psychology and Research Associate, Understanding Risk Research Group - Cardiff University, Wales 16. Communications about Biotechnologies and GMOs across Europe Heinz Bonfadelli - Professor Emeritus - University of Zürich, Switzerland 17. A Tale of Two Vaccines - and their Science Communication Environments Dan Kahan - Elizabeth K. Dollard Professor of Law and Professor of Psychology - Yale University Asheley Landrum - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania 18. A Recap: Science Communication in Action Heather Akin - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania PART IV: THE ROLES OF ELITE INTERMEDIARIES IN COMMUNICATING SCIENCE 19. Science Communication at Scientific Institutions Tiffany Lohwater - Director of Meetings and Public Engagement - American Association for the Advancement of Science Martin Storksdieck - Professor and Director, Center for Research on Lifelong STEM Learning - Oregon State University 20. The Role of Scholarly Presses and Journals Barbara Kline Pope - Executive Director for Communications - The National Academies; Executive Director - National Academies Press Elizabeth Marincola - Chief Executive Officer - Public Library of Science (PLOS) 21. The Role of Governmental Organizations in Communicating About Regulating Science Jeffery Morris - National Program Director for Nanotechnology - Environmental Protection Agency 22. Science Communication and Museums' Changing Roles Victoria Cain - Assistant Professor of History - Northeastern University Karen Rader - Associate Professor of History - Virginia Commonwealth University 23. The Role of Funding Organizations: Foundations Elizabeth Good Christopherson - President and Chief Executive Officer - Rita Allen Foundation 24. Promoting Popular Understanding of Science and Health through Social Networks Brian Southwell - Director, Center for Communication Science - RTI International; Adjunct Professor (Energy Initiative) - Duke University; Research Professor (Media & Journalism) and Adjunct Associate Professor (Health Behavior) - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 25. Designing Public Deliberation at the Intersection of Science and Public Policy John Gastil - Head and Professor of Communication Arts and Sciences and Political Science - Pennsylvania State University 26. Translating Science into Policy and Legislation: Evidence-informed Policy Making Jason Gallo - Science and Technology Policy Analyst - Science and Technology Policy Institute 27. A Recap: The Role of Intermediaries in Communicating Science: A Synthesis Asheley Landrum - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania Part V: THE ROLE, POWER, AND PERIL OF MEDIA FOR THE COMMUNICATION OF SCIENCE 28. The (Changing) Nature of Scientist-Media Interactions: A Cross National Analysis Sara Yeo - Assistant Professor of Communication - University of Utah Dominique Brossard - Professor and Chair, Department of Life Sciences Communication - University of Wisconsin-Madison 29. New Models of Knowledge-Based Journalism Matthew Nisbet - Associate Professor of Communication Studies, and Affiliate Associate Professor of Public Policy and Urban Affairs - Northeastern University Declan Fahy - Professor of Communication - Dublin City University 30. Citizens Making Sense of Science Issues: Supply and Demand Factors for Science News and Information in the Digital Age Michael Xenos - CAPs Professor and Department Chair, Department of Communication Arts - University of Wisconsin-Madison 31. The Changing Popular Images of Science David Kirby - Senior Lecturer in Science Communication Studies - University of Manchester, England 32. What Do We Know About the Entertainment Industry's Portrayal of Science? How Does It Affect Public Attitudes Toward Science? James Shanahan - Professor and Dean, Media School - Indiana University 33. How Narrative Functions in Entertainment to Communicate Science Martin Kaplan - Norman Lear Professor of Entertainment, Media and Society and Director, Norman Lear Center - University of Southern California Michael Dahlstrom - Associate Professor of Journalism and Communication Iowa State University 34. Assumptions about Science in Satirical News and Late Night Comedy Lauren Feldman - Associate Professor of Communication and Information - Rutgers University 35. A Recap: The Role, Power, and Peril of Media for the Communication of Science Nan Li - Assistant Professor of Agricultural Education and Communications - Texas Tech University Robert Lull - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania Part VI: CHALLENGES IN COMMUNICATING SCIENCE IN A POLARIZED ENVIRONMENT 36. Countering False Beliefs: An Analysis of the Evidence and Recommendations of Best Practices for the Retraction and Correction of Scientific Misinformation Man-pui Sally Chan - Postdoctoral Research Associate, Psychology - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Christopher Jones - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow (2014-16) - University of Pennsylvania Dolores Albarracin - Professor of Psychology and Business - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 37. Using Frames to Make Scientific Communication More Effective James Druckman - Payson S. Wild Professor of Political Science and Faculty Fellow, Institute for Policy Research - Northwestern University Arthur Lupia - Hal R. Varian Professor of Political Science - University of Michigan 38. Philosophical Impediments to Citizens' Use of Science Jonathan Baron - Professor of Psychology - University of Pennsylvania. 39. Overcoming Confirmation and Blind Spot Bias When Communicating Science Kate Kenski - Associate Professor of Communication and Government & Public Policy - University of Arizona 40. Understanding and Overcoming Selective Exposure and Judgement When Communicating About Science Natalie (Talia) Jomini Stroud - Associate Professor of Communication Studies and Assistant Director of Research, Annette Strauss Institute for Civic Life - University of Texas at Austin 41. Overcoming Innumeracy and the Use of Heuristics When Communicating Science Ellen Peters - Professor of Psychology and Director, Behavioral Decision Making Initiative - Ohio State University 42. Overcoming Biases in Processing of Time Series Data about Climate Bruce Hardy - Assistant Professor of Strategic Communication - Temple University Kathleen Hall Jamieson - Elizabeth Ware Packard Professor of Communication and Director, Annenberg Public Policy Center - University of Pennsylvania 43. Understanding and Overcoming Fear of the Unnatural in Discussion of GMOs Robert Lull - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania Dietram Scheufele - John E. Ross Professor of Science Communication and Vilas Distinguished Achievement Professor - University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Morgridge Institute for Research 44. Protecting or Polluting the Science Communication Environment? The Case of Childhood Vaccines Dan Kahan - Elizabeth K. Dollard Professor of Law and Professor of Psychology - Yale University 45. Overcoming False Causal Attribution: Debunking the MMR-Autism Association Nan Li - Assistant Professor of Agricultural Education and Communications - Texas Tech University Talia Stroud - Associate Professor of Communication Studies and Assistant Director of Research, Annette Strauss Institute for Civic Life - University of Texas at Austin Kathleen Hall Jamieson - Elizabeth Ware Packard Professor of Communication - Annenberg School for Communication and Director, Annenberg Public Policy Center - University of Pennsylvania 46. Overcoming the Challenges of Communicating Uncertainty Across National Contexts Michael Siegrist - Professor of Consumer Behavior and Head of Institute for Environmental Decisions - ETH Zürich, Switzerland Christina Hartmann - Professor of Consumer Behavior, Department of Health Sciences and Technology - ETH Zürich, Switzerland 47. A Recap: Heuristics, Biases, Values and Other Challenges to Communicating Science Heather Akin - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania Asheley Landrum - Annenberg Public Policy Center Postdoctoral Fellow in Science of Science of Communication - University of Pennsylvania Conclusion: On the Horizon: The Changing Science Communication Environment Editors - Dietram Scheufele, Kathleen Hall Jamieson, and Dan Kahan Index