
Inter-Organellar Ca2+ Signaling in Health and Disease - Part A
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- Intro
- Inter-Organellar Ca2+ Signaling in Health and Disease - Part A
- Copyright
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface: Ca2+ in health and disease
- Acknowledgments
- Conflict of interest statement
- References
- Chapter One: Calcium signaling in neuroglia
- 1. Introduction: Supportive and protective neuroglia
- 2. Glial cells
- 2.1. Astrocytes
- 2.1.1. Protoplasmic astrocytes
- 2.1.2. Fibrous astrocytes
- 2.1.3. Juxtavascular astrocytes
- 2.1.4. Surface-associated astrocytes
- 2.1.5. Velate astrocytes
- 2.1.6. Pituicytes
- 2.1.7. Perivascular and marginal astrocytes
- 2.1.8. Glia limitans
- 2.1.9. Gomori astrocytes
- 2.1.10. Ependymocytes, choroid plexus cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells
- 2.1.11. Radial astrocytes
- 2.1.12. Human-specific astroglia
- 2.2. Oligodendrocytes
- 2.3. Microglia
- 3. Astrocytic Ca signaling
- 3.1. Ca as a second messenger
- 3.2. Astroglial Ca homeostasis
- 3.2.1. Intracellular Ca]i in astrocytes
- 3.2.2. Astrocytes possess a special form of excitability
- 3.2.3. Astroglial Ca excitability
- 3.2.3.1. Metabotropic receptors, ER Ca entry
- 3.2.3.2. Ca entry
- 3.3. Astrocytic Ca signals display a remarkable diversity
- 3.4. Functional significance of Ca signals in astrocytes
- 4. Ca signaling in oligodendrocytes
- 5. Ca signaling in microglia
- 6. Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter Two: Ca homeostasis in brain microvascular endothelial cells
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Calcium measurements in brain microvascular endothelial cells
- 2.1. Calcium measurements in cell cultures
- 2.2. Calcium measurements in freshly isolated brain endothelium
- 2.3. Measurements of in vivo calcium waves
- 3. Ion channels/receptors regulating Ca homeostasis in brain microvascular endothelial cells
- 3.1. TRP channels
- 3.2. Purinergic receptors
- 3.3. Bradykinin receptors
- 3.4. Muscarinic receptors
- 4. Ca homeostasis and cytoskeleton organization in the blood brain barrier
- 4.1. The cytoskeleton of brain microvascular endothelial cells
- 4.2. Relation between Ca homeostasis and cytoskeleton remodeling and function in brain microvascular endothelial cells
- 5. Alterations of Ca homeostasis in the blood brain barrier associated with neuropathologies
- 5.1. Alterations of Ca homeostasis in BBB associated with epilepsy
- 5.2. Alterations of Ca homeostasis in BBB associated with Alzheimer´s disease
- 5.3. Alterations of Ca homeostasis in BBB associated with Parkinson´s disease
- 5.4. Alterations of Ca homeostasis in BBB associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- 5.5. Alterations of Ca homeostasis in BBB associated with ischemic stroke
- 6. Opening of the blood brain barrier and its role in CNS chemotherapy
- 6.1. Osmotic opening of the blood brain barrier
- 6.2. Opening of the blood brain barrier by the activation of bradykinin B2 receptors
- 6.3. Ultrasound opening of the blood brain barrier
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter Three: Mitochondrial calcium homeostasis in hematopoietic stem cell: Molecular regulation of quiescence, function ...
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Intracellular Ca homeostasis in HSC maintenance and commitment
- 2.1. Ca driven commitment of HSC
- 2.2. Ca control of HSC quiescence
- 3. Mitochondrial calcium in HSC regulation
- 4. Calcium homeostasis deregulation in malignant hematopoiesis
- 5. Conclusion
- Author contributions
- Funding
- Conflicts of interest
- References
- Chapter Four: Lysosomal calcium and autophagy
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Endolysosomal calcium channels
- 3. Two-pore channels (TPCs)
- 4. Two-pore channels (TPCs) and autophagy pathway
- 5. TRPMLs
- 6. TRPML1 and autophagy
- 7. TRPML1 and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA)
- 8. TRPML3 and autophagy
- 9. Lysosomal calcium and selective autophagy
- 10. Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter Five: Mitochondrial Ca and cell cycle regulation
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Cytosolic calcium signaling during the cell cycle
- 3. Mitochondrial Ca uniporter complex (MCUC) and its regulatory mechanisms
- 3.1. Extramitochondrial Ca elevation as the driving signal
- 3.2. Mitochondrial Ca sensing mechanism
- 3.3. Post-translational modification of MCU
- 4. Mitochondrial calcium signaling during the cell cycle
- 4.1. Facilitating energy production and mitochondrial metabolism
- 4.2. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production
- 4.3. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening
- 4.4. Cytosolic Ca buffering and signaling
- 4.5. In vivo evidence of mitochondrial Ca mediated cell cycle regulation
- 4.6. Mitochondrial Ca signaling imaging during the cell cycle
- 5. The mitochondrial calcium uptake mechanism
- 5.1. Fertilization-induced egg activation
- 5.2. Mitosis
- 5.3. G1/S transition
- 5.4. Initiation of hematopoietic stem cells division
- 6. Mitochondrial Ca dependent cell cycle regulation in tumorigenesis
- 7. Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- Conflict of interest
- References
- Chapter Six: The mitochondrial calcium homeostasis orchestra plays its symphony: Skeletal muscle is the guest of honor
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Physiological roles of mitochondrial calcium uptake
- 3. Calcium transport through the outer mitochondrial membrane
- 4. Calcium transport through the inner mitochondrial membrane
- 5. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex
- 5.1. MCU
- 5.2. MCUb
- 5.3. EMRE
- 5.4. MICU proteins
- 6. Mitochondrial calcium extrusion
- 7. Mitochondrial calcium uptake and ROS production
- 8. Mitochondrial calcium accumulation and cell death
- 9. Ca in skeletal muscle: a bidirectional signaling route
- 10. The role of mitochondrial bioenergetics in the control of skeletal muscle function
- 11. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis: A nuclear receptor network controls mitochondrial respiratory function and ...
- 12. Impairment of Ca signaling in muscular dystrophy
- 13. Ryanodine receptor myopathies: Neuromuscular disorders affecting EC coupling and Ca homeostasis
- References
- Chapter Seven: Mitochondrial Ca homeostasis in trypanosomes
- 1. Introduction
- 2. The mitochondrial Ca uniporter: Discovery
- 3. The mitochondrial Ca uniporter of trypanosomes: The pore subunits
- 4. The mitochondrial Ca uniporter of trypanosomes: The gatekeeper subunits
- 5. The mitochondrial Ca uniporter of trypanosomes: Interaction with the ATP synthase
- 6. Mechanism of mitochondrial Ca efflux in trypanosomes
- 7. Role of mitochondrial Ca uptake
- 7.1. Cytosolic Ca buffering system
- 7.2. Regulation of mitochondrial metabolism
- 7.3. Regulation of cell survival
- 8. Conclusions and open questions
- Acknowledgments
- References
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