Fundamentals of Learning and Memory
2nd Edition
Published on 10. May 2014
658 pages
978-1-4832-7756-1 (ISBN)
Description
Fundamentals of Learning and Memory, Second Edition provides information pertinent to the basic conditioning processes. This book presents an integration of the fields of animal and human learning. Organized into six parts encompassing 17 chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the definition of learning that encompasses many of the elements of alternative definitions. This text then considers the processes of acquisition, including a detailed discussion of contiguity, practice, and reinforcement. Other chapters include an extensive discussion of issues, problems, and alternative theories within the field of retention. This book discusses as well the problem of transfer, with emphasis on stimulus generation and transfer of training. The final chapter deals with behavior modification as a general method for understanding, altering, and controlling behavior, which differs dramatically from more traditional clinical or therapeutic approaches. This book is a valuable resource for psychologists, behavior therapists, behavior modification theorists, and psychology students.
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John P. Houston
Fundamentals of Learning and Memory
Book
12/1981
Academic Press
€8.67
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Content
¿PrefacePreface to the First EditionPart I. Introduction Chapter 1. What Is Learning? A Word Definition and Some Examples A Verbal Definition of Learning Examples of Learning Summary Chapter 2. Classical and Instrumental Conditioning Operant and Respondent Conditioning Classical Conditioning Selected Examples of Instrumental Conditioning Summary Chapter 3. Learning Tasks: Some Similarities and Differences Is Paired-Associate Learning Related to Either Classical or Instrumental Conditioning? Classical and Instrumental Conditioning Compared Similarities Among Paired-Associate Learning, Classical Conditioning, and Instrumental Conditioning Conclusion Summary Chapter 4. Biological Limits The "Interchangeable-Parts" Conception of Learning The Continuum of Preparedness Bait Shyness: Taste Aversion Species-Specific Defense Reactions Instinctive Drift Imprinting Implications for General Learning Theory SummaryPart II. Acquisition Chapter 5. The Role of Contiguity in Learning The Concept of Contiguity What Are Stimuli, Responses, and Associations? The Search for Noncontiguous Learning Contiguity without Learning Conclusion Summary Chapter 6. The Role of Practice in Learning Introduction Learning Curves Hull's System: A Theory of Gradual Growth All-or-None Theory Patterns of Practice Levels of Processing Conclusion Summary Chapter 7. Reinforcement: Facts and Theory Operational and Theoretical Definitions Parameters of Reinforcement Secondary Reinforcement Theories of Reinforcement Conclusion SummaryPart III. Transfer Chapter 8. Generalization and Discrimination Generalization Discrimination and Stimulus Control Discrimination Processes in Humans Response Differentiation Summary Chapter 9. Transfer of Training Transfer Designs: Specific and Nonspecific Transfer Specific Transfer: Similarity Effects The Stage Analysis of Transfer of Training Generalization and Transfer of Training Mediation Paradigms and Transfer of Training Part-Whole Transfer in Free Recall Negative Transfer in Problem Solving Transfer Effects in Animals SummaryPart IV. Retention Chapter 10. Interference and Memory Proactive Inhibition Retroactive Inhibition Decay Versus Interference Variables Affecting PI and RI The Generality of Interference Effects The Two-Factor Theory of Forgetting Challenges to Unlearning A Further Challenge: Accessibility Versus Unavailability Reducing Interference Effects Summary Chapter 11. Information Processing and Memory The Components of Memory: Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval Separate-Storage Models Sensory Memory, Short-term Store, Long-term Store Additional Models: More and Less Levels of Processing A Continuum of Memory Models Summary Chapter 12. Issues in Memory Introduction Short-term Memory Versus Long-term Memory Recognition Versus Recall Episodic Versus Semantic Memory Animal Memory Versus Human Memory Contextual Cues and State-Dependent Memory Summary Chapter 13.
