Current Topics in Cellular Regulation

List of ContributorsRegulation of the Histidine Operon: Translation-Controlled Transcription Termination (A Mechanism Common to Several Biosynthetic Operons) I. Introduction II. Histidine Biosynthesis: The Reaction, the Enzymes III. Genetics IV. Evidence Indicating That Synthesis of the Histidine Enzymes Is Regulated V. Regulation VI. Conclusions ReferencesRegulation of Ribonucleotide Reductase I. Introduction II. Structure of Enzymes III. Hydrogen Transport Mechanism IV. Allosteric Control V. Regulation of Enzyme Synthesis VI. Ribonucleotide Reductase and Regulation of DNA Synthesis VII. Drugs Affecting Ribonucleotide Reductase VIII. Ribonucleotide Reductase and Immune Dysfunction ReferencesMultimodulation of Enzyme Activity I. Introduction II. Mechanisms of Modulation of Enzyme Activity III. Prototypes of Multimodulated Enzymes IV. Multimodulated Enzymes with Three or More Regulatory Mechanisms V. Analogy Principle in Comparative Biochemistry of Allosteric Regulation of Metabolism VI. Extension of the Classification of Enzymes to Include Regulatory Mechanisms VII. Evolutionary Origin of the Modulation of Enzyme Activity VIII. Concluding Remarks ReferencesKinetic Models of Metabolism in Intact Cells, Tissues, and Organisms I. Introduction II. Analysis of Systems in Steady State III. Steady-State Model of the Citric Acid Cycle in Rat Liver IV. Steady-State Model of Glucose Metabolism in Adipose Tissue V. Analysis of Systems in Transition State VI. Transition Models of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Dictyostelium VII. Summary and Conclusions VIII. Appendix: Comparison of Model Values and Data from Dictyostelium ReferencesIn Vivo Functioning of the Na+, K+-Activated ATPase I. Introduction II. General Operative Considerations III. Intrinsic Events: Properties of Binding Loci IV. Significance of Intrinsic Parameters V. Sensitivity of Enzyme Activity to Changing Ion Concentrations VI. Extrinsic Events VII. Processes Altering Enzyme Kinetics VIII. Periodic Alterations IX. Aperiodic Alterations X. Activation Profile ReferencesCyclic AMP-Dependent and Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases of Nervous Tissue I. Introduction II. Structure and Properties of cAMP-Dependent and cGMP-Dependent Protein Kinases III. cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinases of Nervous Tissue IV. cGMP-Dependent Protein Kinase of Nervous Tissue V. Concluding Remarks ReferencesThe Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGF) of Human Serum: Chemical and Biological Characterization and Aspects of Their Possible Physiological Role I. Introduction: From Nonsuppressible Insulin-Like Activity (NSILA) to the Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGF) II. Purification of IGF I and II III. Amino Acid Sequences of IGF I and II IV. Phylogenetic Implications of the Sequence Homologies Between IGF, Proinsulin, and Insulin V. Model of Three-Dimensional Structure of IGF VI. Biological Effects of IGFs and Their Relationship to Receptor Binding VII. The IGF Carrier Complex and Large-Molecular-Weight NSILA, the Native Forms of NSILA in Blood: Chemical and Biological Properties and Speculations on the Physiology of Native IGF VIII. Relationship Between IGF and the Somatomedins IX. Assays for the Determination of IGF in Biological Fluids and Cross-Reactions with Somatomedins X. Site of Production of IGF XI. Questions and Outlook ReferencesIndexContents of Previous Volumes