How Food Made History

Illustrations viii Preface ix Prologue: Questions of choice? 1 References 5 1 The Creation of Food Worlds 7 Making the ancient world food map 8 The origins of domestication, agriculture, and urbanization11 Food worlds at 5000 BP 15 Seven claims 29 References 31 2 Genetics and Geography 35 Genetic modification, ancient and modern 36 Prohibitions and taboos 43 Geographical redistribution 47 Three claims 53 References 53 3 Forest, Farm, Factory 57 Forest gardens 58 Crop farming landscapes 62 Industrialized agriculture 70 Five claims 77 References 78 4 Hunting, Herding, Fishing 81 Hunting 83 Herding 91 Fishing 94 Two claims 100 References 100 5 Preservation and Processing 103 Ancient preservation 103 Ancient processing 106 Modern milling 108 Packaging 111 Freezing and chilling 112 Milk, butter, yoghurt, and cheese 115 Three claims 123 References 123 6 Trade 125 Ancient trades 126 Modern trades 131 The global supermarket 136 Two claims 140 References 141 7 Cooking, Class, and Consumption 143 Cooks 143 Cooking 146 Eating places 149 Meals and mealtimes 156 References 158 8 National, Regional, and Global Cuisines 161 Cuisine, high and low 164 The origins of cuisines 168 Megaregions and pan-ethnicity 182 Global foods 185 Three claims and counterclaims 188 References 188 9 Eating Well, Eating Badly 191 Nutrition and diet 191 Stature 195 Obesity 199 Dieting 203 Denial 204 Vegetarianism 207 References 211 10 Starving 215 Famine 217 Famine foods 224 Survival strategies 226 Food aid 228 Impact 232 Two claims 234 References 235 Conclusion: Cornucopia or Pandora's Box? 237 References 241 Suggested Further Reading 243 Index 251