
Image Analysis
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Content
- Title Page
- Preface
- Organization
- Table of Contents
- Multiple View Geometry
- Camera Self-calibration with Parallel Screw Axis Motion by Intersecting Imaged Horopters
- Introduction
- Background
- Stratified Self-calibration
- Horopter Curves
- Problem Statement and Constraints
- Self-Calibration Method
- Affine Self-calibration by Intersecting the Imaged Horopters
- Linear Upgrade from Affine to Euclidean
- Experiments
- Conclusion
- References
- Triangulating a Plane
- Introduction
- Quasiconvex Optimization
- 3D-Plane Triangulation
- Homography from a Plane
- Chirality
- Experiments
- Stability of the Proposed Formulation
- Outlier Removal and Estimation
- Conclusions
- References
- Human 3D Motion Computation from a Varying Number of Cameras
- Introduction
- Initial 3D Reconstruction
- Imposing Weak Priors on the Initial Reconstruction
- Link Length and Joint Angle Constraints
- Temporal Smoothness, Link Length and Joint Angle Constraints
- Results
- Conclusion
- References
- Segmentation
- Generalized Hard Constraints for Graph Segmentation
- Introduction
- Preliminaries
- Edge Weighted Graphs
- Graph Partitioning
- Constrained Graph Cuts
- Regional Constraints
- Boundary Constraints
- Strategies for Computing Constrained Graph Cuts
- A General Strategy for Computing Constrained Graph Cuts
- An Optimal Strategy for Computing Constrained Graph Cuts
- A Practical Algorithm
- Conclusions
- References
- Highly Consistent Sequential Segmentation
- Introduction
- Consistent Image Sequence Segmentation
- Frame-to-Frame Segment Matching
- Experiments
- Evaluating Consistency
- Object Tracking
- Conclusion
- References
- Improved Video Segmentation by Adaptive Combination of Depth Keying and Mixture-of-Gaussians
- Introduction
- Segmentation
- Segmentation by Depth Keying
- Segmentation by Mixture-of-Gaussians
- Combining Color and Depth
- Results
- Conclusions
- References
- Poster Session I
- Sparse Similarity-Based Fisherfaces
- Introduction
- Algorithm Description
- Obtaining the Texture Formulation
- Creating the Individual Subspaces
- Classification
- Experimental Results
- Classification Accuracy
- Discriminative Pixels
- Discussion and Conclusion
- References
- Accumulation of Different Visual Feature Descriptors in a Coherent Framework
- Introduction
- Feature Descriptors
- The Accumulation Algorithm
- Kalman Filtering
- Accumulation of Confidence
- Results
- Conclusion
- References
- Person Re-identification by Descriptive and Discriminative Classification
- Introduction
- Person Re-identification System
- Descriptive Person Model
- Discriminative Person Model
- Estimating Ranks by Boosting for Feature Selection
- Features
- Experimental Results
- VIPeR Dataset
- Multi-shot Dataset
- Conclusion
- References
- On Inferring Image Label Information Using Rank Minimization for Supervised Concept Embedding
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Method
- Experiments
- Data
- Explicit Unsupervised Feature Extraction
- Label Inference Results
- Conclusion
- References
- Saliency in Spectral Images
- Introduction
- Saliency for Multispectral Images
- Channels Computation
- Center-Surround Comparisons
- Experiments and Results
- Data Sets
- Saliency Map
- Evaluation of Dimensionality Reduction Techniques
- Conclusion
- References
- Mixed-State Particle Filtering for Simultaneous Tracking and Re-identification in Non-overlapping Camera Networks
- Introduction
- Learning Identities to Re-identify and Track
- Target Representation
- Reducing the Database to Key Frames
- Embedding Re-identification into the Tracking Process
- Particle Filter Framework
- Estimating the Identity and the Position
- The Non-ubiquity Constraint
- Evaluations
- Evaluation Network Setup
- Re-Identification Efficiency
- Multi-Target Re-identification
- Conclusion and Perspectives
- References
- Smoothing-Based Submap Merging in Large Area SLAM
- Introduction
- Background and Related Work
- SLAM Algorithms
- Smoothing and Mapping
- Submaps
- Method
- Conditionally Independent Submaps
- Submap Merging
- Examples
- Implementation Details
- Small Area Experiment
- Large Area Experiment
- Conclusions
- References
- Watermark Recovery from a Dual Layer Hologram with a Digital Camera
- Introduction
- Methods
- Watermarking Method
- Correcting Distortions and Segmentation
- Experiments
- Conclusion
- References
- Point Pattern Matching for 2-D Point Sets with Regular Structure
- Introduction
- Printed Electronics
- Point Pattern Matching
- Choosing Accumulator Array Size for Chang's Method
- Modified Method without Discrete Accumulator Array
- Example Case
- Conclusions
- References
- Real Time Surface Registration for PET Motion Tracking
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results and Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
- Image Reconstruction by Prioritized Incremental Normalized Convolution
- Introduction
- Method
- Local Polynomial Expansion: Assigning Values
- Experiments and Results
- Reconstruction of Randomly Removed Data
- Reconstruction of Holes
- Reconstruction of Missing 3D Surface Data
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
- Forming Different-Complexity Covariance-Model Subspaces through Piecewise-Constant Spectra for Hyperspectral Image Classification
- Introduction
- Model Formulation
- Discriminant Analysis
- Primary and Secondary Subspaces
- Subspace Modeling Using PCA
- Subspace Modeling Using Wider Spectral Bands
- Primary-Subspace Size
- Experiments
- Data Sets
- Experiment Details
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
- Mobile Visual Search from Dynamic Image Databases
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Mobile Image Matching from Dynamic Databases
- Sub-linear Indexing
- Descriptor Pruning
- Matching with Multiple Indices
- Experiments
- Magazines Database
- ZuBuD Database
- Conclusions
- References
- Histogram-Based Description of Local Space-Time Appearance
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Building the Spatio-temporal Appearance Descriptor
- Spatio-temporal Appearance Descriptor of the First Order
- Spatio-temporal Histogram Descriptor of the Second Order
- Learning from the STA Descriptor
- Entropy
- The ?2 Measure
- Using the STA Descriptor in Machine Learning
- Illustrative Experiments
- Discriminating between True and False Positives
- Distinguishing between a Static and a Moving Background
- Finding Stable Features to Track
- Conclusion and Outlook
- References
- Content Based Detection of Popular Images in Large Image Databases
- Introduction
- The Image Database
- Image Descriptors
- Classification
- Results
- Summary and Conclusions
- References
- Unscented Kalman Filtering for Articulated Human Tracking
- Introduction
- Nonlinear Filtering
- The Unscented Kalman Filter
- The Particle Filter
- Filtering for Articulated Tracking
- The State Model
- The Observation Model
- Computational complexity
- Results and Evaluation
- Accuracy
- Motion Smoothness
- Conclusion
- References
- Using Fourier Descriptors and Spatial Models for Traffic Sign Recognition
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Main Contribution
- Methods
- Fourier Descriptors
- Matching of FDs
- Sign Prototypes
- Matching Sign Prototypes
- Dataset
- Experiments
- Results Manually ROIs Dataset
- Results Summer Dataset
- Conclusions
- References
- Multichannel Segmentation Using Contour Relaxation: Fast Super-Pixels and Temporal Propagation
- Motivation
- The Region-Based Generative Image Model for Multi-channel Data
- Segmentation as a Maximum-a-Posteriori (MAP) Estimation Problem
- The Contour Relaxation
- Likelihood Expressions for Region-Oriented Segmentation Approaches
- The Data Likelihood Term for a Set of Measurements under the Gaussian Assumption
- Experimental Results
- Contour Relaxation Applied to Single Images
- Temporal Propagation of the Segmentation
- Conclusions
- References
- Color Persistent Anisotropic Diffusion of Images
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Main Contribution
- Methods
- Standard Approach to Color Image Diffusion
- Color Model
- New Approach to Color Image Diffusion
- Experiments
- Data Set
- Tested Methods
- Performance Evaluation
- Results
- Conclusion
- References
- Analysis of Seed Sorting Process by Estimation of Seed Motion Trajectories
- Introduction
- Materials and Data
- Experimental Setup
- The Seed Material
- Experiments and Acquired Data
- Methods
- Estimation of Seed Locations
- Estimating the Angle of Escape
- Results and Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Improving Particle Segmentation from Process Images with Wiener Filtering
- Introduction
- Imaging and Image Processing
- Wiener Filtering
- Fiber Segmentation
- Experiments and Discussions
- Future Work
- Conclusion
- References
- Efficient Hyperelastic Regularization for Registration
- Introduction
- Previous Work
- Registration
- Similarity Measure and Image Function
- Regularization
- Eigen Values and Derivatives
- Choice of Basis Functions
- Basis Examples
- Experiments
- Synthetic Data
- Cardiac Data
- Ear Data
- Discussion
- Summary and Conclusion
- References
- Image Analysis I
- Degradation Based Blind Image Quality Evaluation
- Introduction
- Features for Detecting Degradations
- Classifier for Quality Evaluation
- Experimental Results
- Features for Detecting Blur
- Image Quality Classification
- Conclusions
- References
- Evaluation of Image Quality Metrics for Color Prints
- Introduction
- Experimental Setup
- Test Images
- Printing Workflow
- Observers
- Viewing Conditions
- Experiment Procedure
- Experimental Results
- Evaluation of Image Quality Metrics
- Preparation of the Printed Images
- Selected Image Quality Metrics
- Evaluation Method
- Evaluation Results
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Supercontinuum Light Sources for Hyperspectral Subsurface Laser Scattering Applications for Food Inspection
- Introduction
- Method
- Experiments
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
- Categorization and Classification
- Real-Time Detection of Landscape Scenes
- Introduction
- Methods for Landscape Scene Recognition
- Global Features
- Local Features
- Classification
- Experimental Results
- Image Sets
- Evaluation Criteria
- Results
- Computational Cost
- Real-Time Implementation
- Conclusion
- References
- Generic Object Class Detection Using Feature Maps
- Introduction and Related Works
- Object Class Model
- Cascade
- Strong Classifier
- Weak Classifier
- Single Feature Classifier
- Variations
- Detection
- Hierarchical Search
- Aspect Ratio Estimation
- Experiments and Results
- Conclusion
- References
- Volume Local Phase Quantization for Blur-Insensitive Dynamic Texture Classification
- Introduction
- Volume Local Phase Quantization
- Short-Term Fourier Transform in the Spatio-Temporal Domain
- Dimension Reduction
- Quantization
- Experiments
- Classification Tests
- Comparison on Execution Times
- Conclusions
- References
- Structure from Motion and SLAM
- Optimal View Path Planning for Visual SLAM
- Introduction
- Problem Formulation
- Cost Function
- Calculating Covariance
- Cost Function
- Cost Function Properties
- Proposed Algorithm
- Experiments
- Discussion
- Computational Complexity
- Extensions
- Conclusion
- References
- Automatic Estimation of the Number of Deformation Modes in Non-rigid SfM with Missing Data
- Introduction
- Deformable Low-Rank Shape Model
- Proposed Approach
- Frequency Content of 2D Trajectories
- Algorithm
- The reference Matrix
- Experiments
- Synthetic Data
- Real Data
- Conclusions
- References
- Unsupervised Learning for Improving Efficiency of Dense Three-Dimensional Scene Recovery in Corridor Mapping
- Introduction
- Dense and Efficient 3D Scene Recovery
- Recovering Planar Structures
- Unsupervised Learning for Temporal Search Space Reduction
- Experimental Results
- Conclusions
- References
- Catadioptric Silhouette-Based Pose Estimation from Learned Models
- Introduction
- Method
- Silhouette Extraction
- Catadioptric Camera Setup and Calibration
- Reconstruction Refinement
- Model-Based Pose Estimation
- Experiments
- Calibration Accuracy
- Pose Estimation with Synthetic Images
- Pose Estimation with Real Images
- Conclusion
- References
- Medical and Biomedical Applications
- Using the Local Phase of the Magnitude of the Local Structure Tensor for Image Registration
- Introduction
- Methods
- Quadrature Filters and Local Phase
- The Local Structure Tensor
- Local Phase of the Magnitude of the Local Structure Tensor
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Coherence Probe Microscopy Imaging and Analysis for Fiber-Reinforced Polymers
- Introduction
- Methods
- CPM Measurement Setup and Materials
- Image Demodulation
- Image Enhancement
- Orientation Estimation
- Results
- Image Enhancement
- Orientation Estimation
- Clustering
- Conclusions
- References
- Automatic Segmentation of Veterinary Infrared Images with the Active Shape Approach
- Motivation and State of the Art
- Image Acquisition and IR Temperature Calculation
- IRT Segmentation and the Active Shape Approach
- Choice of Segmentation Criterion
- Specific Modifications of the ASM Segmentation
- Image Preprocessing
- Landmark Representation
- Shape Creation and Initialisation
- Application Results
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- 3D Shape
- Using the Skeleton for 3D Object Decomposition
- Introduction
- Preliminaries
- Object Decomposition
- Skeleton Partition
- Recovery of Simple Regions, Bumps and Kernels
- Improving the Separation between Parts
- Removal of Sub-parts
- Expanding Simple Regions, Bumps and Kernels
- Merging
- Discussion and Conclusion
- References
- A Three-Dimensional Shape Description Algorithm Based on Polar-Fourier Transform for 3D Model Retrieval
- Introduction
- Description of the Polar-Fourier 3D Shape Descriptor
- Brief Description of the Algorithms Selected for the Comparison with the Proposed Method
- Experimental Conditions and Results
- Conclusions and Future Plans
- References
- Combining Stereo and Time-of-Flight Images with Application to Automatic Plant Phenotyping
- Introduction
- Methods
- Setup and Calibration
- Dense Stereo Methods
- Localised Search Range from ToF Image
- Quality Quantification
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Medical Imaging
- Iterative Reconstruction for Quantitative Tissue Decomposition in Dual-Energy CT
- Introduction
- Information Attainable from CT Imaging
- Recent Technical Developments in CT Imaging
- Tissue Classification Using Single-Energy CT Scans
- Tissue Classification Using Dual-Energy CT Scans
- Methods
- Filtered Backprojection Reconstruction in CT
- Segmentation of Body Tissues
- The Three Material Decomposition method
- The Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm
- Experiments
- Considerations for the Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm
- The Mathematical Phantom
- Linear Attenuation Coefficients and Effective Energies
- Results
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- An Automated System for the Detection and Diagnosis of Kidney Lesions in Children from Scintigraphy Images
- Introduction
- Clinical Background
- Related Work
- Methods
- Kidney Segmentation
- Boundary Representation
- Background Removal
- Candidate Lesion Segmentation
- Classification
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Automatic Segmentation of Abdominal Adipose Tissue in MRI
- Introduction
- Data
- Methodology
- Bias Field Correction
- Identifying Adipose Tissue
- Identifying Regions
- Results
- Conclusion
- References
- Fully Automatic Liver Volumetry Using 3D Level Set Segmentation for Differentiated Liver Tissue Types in Multiple Contrast MR Datasets
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Data Acquisition
- Description of the Method
- Denoising of MR Datasets
- Training Phase
- Probability Map Generation
- 3D Level Set Segmentation
- Distance Transform Based Segmentation Refinement
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Poster Session II
- Stable Structure from Motion for Unordered Image Collections
- Introduction
- System Overview
- Point Tracking in Unordered Image Collections
- Robust Global Rotation Computation
- Global Geometry Estimation
- Results and Conclusions
- References
- Projector Calibration by "Inverse Camera Calibration"
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Projector Calibration
- Camera Calibration
- Inverting Camera Calibration
- Proposed Calibration Method
- Experiments
- Conclusion
- References
- Representing Local Structure Using Tensors II
- Introduction
- Monomial Filters
- Signal Classes
- Second Order Structure Tensors
- Structure Tensor Estimation Variations
- Higher Order Structure Tensors
- Conclusion
- References
- Automatic Compartment Modelling and Segmentation for Dynamical Renal Scintigraphies
- Introduction
- Methods
- Using SVD to Approximate the Data
- Using Classification to Approximate the Data
- Estimation of bk
- Estimation of ck Using Positivity Constraints and Spatial Smoothness Priors
- Compartment Modelling
- Incorporating All Constraint Modalities
- Experimental Validation
- Discussion and Conclusions
- References
- Expression Recognition in Videos Using a Weighted Component-Based Feature Descriptor
- Introduction
- Component-Based Feature Descriptor
- Dynamic Texture Features For Appearance Representation
- Dynamic Structural Features For Shape Representation
- Multiple Feature Fusion
- The Weight Learning Framework
- The Fusion Module Framework
- Experiments
- Conclusion
- References
- Spatio-chromatic Image Content Descriptors and Their Analysis Using Extreme Value Theory
- Introduction
- Spatio-chromatic Descriptors
- Extreme Value Theory
- The Basics of Univariate EVT
- A Simple Stochastic Model
- Proposed Approach
- Experiments
- Statistical Analysis: Goodness of Fit
- Further Analysis: The s, k-Space
- Classification and Retrieval
- Conclusion
- References
- Model-Based Transfer Functions for Efficient Visualization of Medical Image Volumes
- Introduction
- Model-Based Local Transfer Function
- Model
- Registration
- Visualization Based Upon Local Transfer Functions
- Smooth Transition Regions between Transfer Functions
- Evaluation
- Implementation
- Results
- Results from the Evaluation
- Results from the Implementation
- Discussion
- References
- Anatomical Landmark Tracking for the Analysis of Animal Locomotion in X-ray Videos Using Active Appearance Models
- Introduction
- Related Work and Motivation
- Active Appearance Models
- Training Step
- Model Fitting
- Application to X-ray Locomotion Landmark Tracking
- Experiments and Results
- General Suitability
- Impact of Image Resolution and Preprocessing
- Selection of Training Images
- Conclusions and Further Work
- References
- Image Foresting Transform: On-the-Fly Computation of Segmentation Boundaries
- Introduction
- Background
- Images and Graphs
- Paths and Path Costs
- Spanning Forests
- Image Segmentation
- The Image Foresting Transform
- The Differential Image Foresting Transform
- Applications
- Sub-pixel Segmentation with the IFT
- The Relaxed IFT
- Conclusion
- References
- Scale Space Smoothing, Image Feature Extraction and Bessel Filters
- Introduction
- Theory
- Implementation Issues
- Numerical Results
- Conclusion
- References
- A Free-Viewpoint Virtual Mirror with Marker-Less User Interaction
- Introduction
- Related Work
- System Design
- Geometric Considerations for the Mirror
- System Architecture
- Methodology
- 3D Reconstruction and Robust Skeleton Estimation
- Hand Position Estimation
- Virtual Mirror Camera
- User Interaction
- Image-Based Visual Hull Rendering
- Experiments
- User Interaction
- Run-Time Evaluation
- Conclusions and Discussions
- References
- Wood Detection and Tracking in Videos of Rivers
- Introduction
- Related Works
- Limitation of Existing Methods in Our Case
- Segmentation of Floating Wood
- Intensity Probability Map
- Temporal Probability Map
- Combination of Intensity and Temporal Probability Maps
- Selection of Parameters
- Tracking of Floating Wood
- Extraction of Representative Points
- Temporal Linking of Floating Wood
- Counting Wood Pieces
- Experimental Results
- Concluding Remarks
- References
- Interactive Image Segmentation Using Level Sets and Dempster-Shafer Theory of Evidence
- Introduction
- Level Set Segmentation with Evidence Theory
- Interactive Variational Image Segmentation
- Experiments
- Conclusion
- References
- Fast and Efficient Saliency Detection Using Sparse Sampling and Kernel Density Estimation
- Introduction
- Saliency Measurement
- Bayesian Center-Surround
- Defining Saliency Measure
- Multi-scale Measure
- Implementation
- Experiments
- Quantitative Analysis
- Qualitative Assessment
- Conclusion
- References
- Combining Contrast Information and Local Binary Patterns for Gender Classification
- Introduction
- Face Representation Using Local Binary Patterns
- Face Representation Using LBP and Contrast
- Experiments on Gender Classification
- Experimental Data
- Settings
- Results and Analysis
- Conclusion
- References
- Indexing Tree Structures through Caterpillar Decomposition
- Introduction
- Preliminaries
- Indexing Tree Structures through Caterpillar Decomposition
- Experiments
- Conclusions
- References
- Recovering Missing Data on Satellite Images
- Introduction
- Variational Data Assimilation
- Mathematical Setting
- Variational Formulation
- Recovering of Missing Data
- Results
- Artificial Noise
- Real Noise
- Conclusion
- References
- Target Segmentation in Scenes with Diverse Background
- Introduction
- Clustering of Object and Background Data
- Gaussian Mixture Model
- The Minimum Message Length Criterion
- The EM-MML Algorithm and Initialization
- The Normalized Scatter Separability Criterion
- The Spatial Scatter Criterion
- Feature Sorting
- Examples
- Sensor Data and Data Registration
- Features
- Parameter Settings
- Results
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- A Hybrid Approach to Brain Extraction from Premature Infant MRI
- Introduction
- Proposed Method
- Overview
- Data Pre-processing
- Creating Mask
- Automatic Seedpoint Detection
- ROI Segmentation
- Evaluation
- Data Aquisition
- Visual Examination
- Similarity Metrics and Numerical Evaluation
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
- Adaptive Classification of Dirt Particles in Papermaking Process
- Introduction
- Classification of Dirt Particles
- Problem Statement
- General Workflow
- Grouping of Dirt Particles Based on a Size
- Segmentation
- Feature Extraction
- Feature Evaluation
- Classification
- Experiments and Discussion
- Test Samples and Experiments
- Classification on the Whole Set
- Classification Using Subsets
- Conclusion
- References
- Text Extraction Using Component Analysis and Neuro-fuzzy Classification on Complex Backgrounds
- Introduction
- Description of the Technique
- Color Reduction
- Adaptive Run Length Smoothing Algorithm
- Image Pre-processing
- Document Segmentation
- Feature Extraction
- Pattern Classification Using ANFIS
- Experimental Results
- Conclusions
- References
- Using Active Illumination for Accurate Variational Space-Time Stereo
- Introduction
- The Space-Time Variational Method
- Active Illumination
- Evaluation
- Conclusion
- References
- Kernel Fisher Discriminant and Elliptic Shape Model for Automatic Measurement of Allergic Reactions
- Introduction
- Grayscale Projection
- Elliptic Shape Model
- Experimental Results
- Conclusions
- References
- Image Analysis II
- Continuous Orientation Representation for Arbitrary Dimensions - A Generalized Knutsson Mapping
- Introduction
- Construction of the General Knutsson Mapping
- The 2D Case in the General Framework
- The 3D Case in the General Framework
- The $n$D Case in the General Framework
- Alternative Mapping Based on Projection Operators and Angles between Vectors in Mapped Space
- Preserving Isotropy in Mapped Space
- Doubling the Angle - Knutsson Cones in Higher Dimensions
- Conclusion
- References
- Real-Time Line Detection Using Accelerated High-Resolution Hough Transform
- Introduction
- Real-Time Hough Transform Algorithm
- Hough Transform on a Small Read-Write Memory of Accumulators
- Harnessing the Edge Orientation
- Experimental Results
- Performance Evaluation on Synthetic Binary Images
- Performance Evaluation on Real-Life Images
- Conclusions
- References
- Decomposition of a Curve into Arcs and Line Segments Based on Dominant Point Detection
- Introduction
- Dominant Point Detection
- Blurred Segment
- A Method for Dominant Point Detection
- Arc Detection
- Tangent Space Representation
- Properties of Arc in the Tangent Space
- Algorithm for Arc (Circle) Detection
- Curve Decomposition into Arcs and Lines
- Main Idea of the Proposed Method
- Analysis of Configurations
- Proposed Algorithm
- Experimentations
- Experimental Results and Comparisons
- Application to Vectorization
- Conclusion
- References
- Author Index
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