Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing -- SAT 2015

Name: Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing -- SAT 2015 | 18th International Conference, Austin, TX, USA, September 24-27, 2015, Proceedings
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18th International Conference, Austin, TX, USA, September 24-27, 2015, Proceedings

Marijn Heule Sean Weaver(Editor)

Springer (Publisher)

Published on 17. September 2015

XIX, 436 pages

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978-3-319-24318-4 (ISBN)

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Content

Intro
Preface
Organization
Pragmatic Approach to Formal Verification
Applying Satisfiability to the Analysisof Cryptography
Random Formulas are Irrelevant, Right?
Contents
CCAnr: A Configuration Checking Based Local Search Solver for Non-random Satisfiability
1 Introduction
2 Solver Description
2.1 The CCA Heuristic and Swcca
2.2 The CCAnr Algorithm
2.3 Implementation Details
3 Experimental Results
References
PBLib -- A Library for Encoding Pseudo-Boolean Constraints into CNF
1 Introduction
2 Pseudo-Boolean Constraints and Encodings
3 Description of the PBLib
3.1 Components of the PBLib
3.2 Example
4 Included Tools
5 Empirical Evaluation and Related Work
6 Conclusion
References
Speeding up MUS Extraction with Preprocessing and Chunking
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 LMUS Extraction
4 Chunking
5 Experiments
5.1 Overall GMUS Evaluation
5.2 Parameter Impact
6 Conclusions
References
Improved Algorithms for Sparse MAX-SAT and MAX-k-CSP
1 Introduction
1.1 Related Work
1.2 Organization of the Paper
2 Preliminaries
2.1 MAXSAT, MAX-k-SAT, MAX-k-CSP
2.2 Concentration Bounds
3 MAX-k-CSP
3.1 Known Algorithms for MAX-2-CSP
3.2 A Polynomial-space Algorithm for MAX-k-CSP
3.3 An Exponential-Space Algorithm for MAX-k-CSP
4 MAX-SAT and MAX-k-SAT
4.1 A Polynomial-Space Algorithm for MAX-SAT
4.2 An Exponential-Space Algorithm for MAX-SAT
5 Sparse Depth-2 Threshold Circuits
6 Open Questions
References
Laissez-Faire Caching for Parallel #SAT Solving
1 Introduction
2 Basic Notations
3 #SAT Solving
3.1 Conflict Learning
3.2 Sub-Formula Decomposition
3.3 Formula Caching
3.4 Incorrect Results in the Cache
4 Laissez-Faire Caching
4.1 Node Re-Computation
4.2 Memory Consumption and Cleanup
5 countAntom Solver Structure
5.1 Node Computation
5.2 Node Order
5.3 Caching
6 Experimental Results
6.1 Benchmarks
6.2 Parallel Performance
6.3 Impact of Laissez-Faire Caching
7 Conclusion
References
SATGraf: Visualizing the Evolution of SAT Formula Structure in Solvers
1 Introduction
2 How SATGraf Works
3 Results
3.1 Observation #1: VSIDS Chooses High-Centrality Bridge Variables
3.2 Observation #2: VSIDS Moves Infrequently Between Communities
3.3 Observation #3: Backtracking May Incur Unnecessary Overhead
4 Related Work
5 Conclusion
References
Hints Revealed
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Hint Addition
4 Hint Creation Algorithms
4.1 Avoiding Failing Branches
4.2 Randomized Hints
5 Theoretical Basis
6 Experimental Results
6.1 AFB Results: SAT 2013
6.2 AFB Results: SAT 2014
6.3 RH Results: SAT 2013
7 Discussion
References
Mining Backbone Literals in Incremental SAT
1 Introduction
2 Mining Backbone Literals
2.1 Optimizations and Implementation Details
2.2 Constants can Increase the Number of Assumptions
3 A Case Study: Using MBL in the Context of MUC Extraction
3.1 How HaifaMUC Extracts Minimal Unsatisfiable Cores
3.2 Experiments
3.3 Mitigating the Side-Effect of Assumptions on MUC Search
4 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Constructing SAT Filters with a Quantum Annealer
1 Introduction
2 Filters, SAT Filters and Blocked SAT Filters
2.1 SAT Filters
2.2 Blocked SAT Filters
3 Solving CSPs in the Ising Model with a D-Wave Processor
3.1 Constraint Satisfaction Problems in the Ising Model
3.2 Graph Minors in the Ising Model
4 SAT Variants in the Ising Model
4.1 NAE3SAT
Monotone NAE3SAT.
4.2 MAX-CUT SAT Variants
4.3 Bipartite 4FLSAT
4.4 Threshold Analysis
4.5 Software Solvers
5 Case Study 1: A Blocked MNAE3SAT Filter
6 Case Study 2: Filter and Performance Scaling
6.1 Scaling of Solution Time
7 Conclusions
References
#SAT: Projected Model Counting
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Model Counting
3.1 Solution Enumeration Using SAT Solvers
3.2 DPLL-style Model Counting
4 Projected Model Counting
4.1 Restricting Search to Priority Variables
4.2 Blocking Seen Solutions
4.3 Counting Models of Projected d-DNNF
5 Experiments
5.1 Uniform Random 3-SAT and Boolean Circuits
5.2 Planning
6 Related Work and Conclusion
References
Computing Maximal Autarkies with Few and Simple Oracle Queries
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Oracles
4 The Basic Translation
4.1 Basic Usages
4.2 Adding Positive ``Steering'' Clauses
5 The New Algorithm
6 Conclusion and Outlook
References
HordeSat: A Massively Parallel Portfolio SAT Solver
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Related Work
4 Design Decisions
5 Black Box for Portfolios
6 The Portfolio Algorithm
6.1 Diversification
6.2 Clause Sharing
7 Experimental Evaluation
7.1 Clause Sharing and Diversification
7.2 Scaling on Application Benchmarks
7.3 Comparison with Plingeling
8 Conclusion
8.1 Future Work
References
Preprocessing for DQBF
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Incomplete, but Cheap Decision Procedures
4 Preprocessing Techniques for DQBF
4.1 Backbones, Monotonic and Equivalent Variables
4.2 Reduction of Dependency Sets
4.3 Universal Reduction, Resolution, and Universal Expansion
4.4 Blocked Clause Elimination
4.5 Structure Extraction
5 Experimental Results
6 Conclusion
References
Incrementally Computing Minimal Unsatisfiable Cores of QBFs via a Clause Group Solver API
1 Introduction
2 Implementing a Clause Group API
3 Computing Minimal Unsatisfiable Cores of QBFs
4 Conclusion
References
On Compiling CNFs into Structured Deterministic DNNFs
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 From Dynamic Programming to Structured d-DNNFs
3.1 Branch Decompositions, Projections, and PS-width
3.2 Records and Dynamic Programming
3.3 Constructing a Structured d-DNNF
4 Corollaries
5 A Lower Bound for Clique-Width
6 Conclusion
References
SpySMAC: Automated Configuration and Performance Analysis of SAT Solvers
1 Introduction
2 Algorithm Configuration and Analysis
3 SpySMAC's Framework
4 Spying on Lingeling and probSAT
5 Conclusion
References
Community Structure Inspired Algorithms for SAT and #SAT
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 SAT and #SAT
2.2 Parameterized Complexity
2.3 Hitting Formulas
2.4 Treewidth
3 h-Communities and h-Modularity
4 Finding h-Structures
5 Using h-Structures
6 Concluding Notes
References
Using Community Structure to Detect Relevant Learnt Clauses
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Clause Learning Destroys the Community Structure
4 On the Relevance of Learnt Clauses
5 Detecting Relevant Learnt Clauses
6 Experimental Evaluation
7 Related Work
8 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Recognition of Nested Gates in CNF Formulas
1 Introduction
1.1 Related Work
1.2 Contributions
2 Theoretical Background
2.1 Gates and Monotonicity
2.2 And-Inverter Graphs (AIG)
2.3 Preprocessing
3 Recognition of Nested Gates
3.1 Iterative Root Selection
3.2 Recursive Gate Extraction
3.3 Equivalence Detection Methods
3.4 AIG Construction
4 Experimental Results
4.1 Equivalence Detection Methods
4.2 Preprocessing and Gate Recognition
4.3 Maximum Number of Recognition Tries
4.4 And-Inverter Graphs
5 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Exploiting Resolution-Based Representations for MaxSAT Solving
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Graph Representations
4 New Partition-Based Algorithm for MaxSAT
4.1 Algorithm Description
4.2 Partition and Merge of Soft Clauses
4.3 Algorithm Analysis
5 Experimental Results
6 Conclusions and Future Work
References
SAT-Based Formula Simplification
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Formula Simplification with SAT
3.1 Prime Implicant/Implicate Enumeration
3.2 Computing a Smallest Prime Cover
4 Preliminary Results
4.1 PLA Benchmarks
4.2 Bi-decomposition Interpolation Benchmarks
4.3 Quasigroup Classification Benchmarks
5 Conclusions
References
Volt: A Lazy Grounding Framework for Solving Very Large MaxSAT Instances
1 Introduction
2 Volt: A Lazy Grounding Framework
3 Empirical Evaluation
4 Conclusion
References
Between SAT and UNSAT: The Fundamental Difference in CDCL SAT
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 COMiniSatPS
2.2 VSIDS Branching Heuristic
2.3 Learned Clause Management
2.4 Restart Strategies
3 The SAT/UNSAT Difference of CDCL in Practice
3.1 Roles of Learned Clauses
3.2 Effects of Restarts
3.3 VSIDS and Variable Decay Factor
4 Refining the Hybrid Strategy
5 Conclusion
References
Efficient MUS Enumeration of Horn Formulae with Applications to Axiom Pinpointing
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 MUS Enumeration in Horn Formulae
4 Algorithm for Group-MUS Enumeration in Horn Formulae
4.1 Organization
4.2 Computing Maximal Models
4.3 Adding Blocking Clauses
4.4 Deciding Satisfiability of Horn Formulae
4.5 MUS Extraction in Horn Formulae
5 Comparison with Existing Alternatives
5.1 EL+SAT
5.2 EL2MCS
5.3 SATPin
6 Experimental Results
6.1 Experimental Setup
6.2 COI Instances
6.3 x2 Instances
6.4 Assessment of Non SAT-Based Axiom Pinpointing Tools
7 Conclusions and Future Work
References
QELL: QBF Reasoning with Extended Clause Learning and Levelized SAT Solving
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Algorithmic Flow
4 Learning
4.1 Solution Learning by Levelized Blocking
4.2 Solution Learning in the Presence of Circuit Information
4.3 Conflict Learning
5 Related Work
6 Experimental Results
7 Conclusion and Future Work
References
SMT-RAT: An Open Source C++ Toolbox for Strategic and Parallel SMT Solving
1 Introduction
2 System Architecture
2.1 Data Structures and Basic Procedures: CArL carl
2.2 Interfaces and Strategic Compositions of Procedures: SMT-RAT smtrathtml
3 Experimental Results and Future Work
References
Search-Space Partitioning for Parallelizing SMT Solvers
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Parallelization Approaches for SMT
3.1 Search-Space Partitioning in SMT
3.2 Combining Search Space Partitioning and Portfolio
4 A Cloud-Based Parallel SMT Solver for QF_UF
4.1 Partitioning Heuristics
4.2 The Client-Server Architecture
5 Experimental Results
5.1 Comparing the Implementation to the Portfolio Approach
5.2 Comparing the Partitioning Heuristics
5.3 Comparison to Other SMT Solvers
6 Conclusions
References
A New Approach to Partial MUS Enumeration
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Related Work and the MARCO Algorithm
3.1 The MARCO Algorithm
4 A First Extension: Determine MUS Members via Map
5 Using Blocks to Speed-Up Partial MUS Enumeration
5.1 Determine the Blocks
5.2 Proving the Block Property
5.3 Using Block Information During shrink-Method
5.4 Using Block Information to Find More MCSes
6 Practical Results
6.1 Workload Computation
7 Conclusion
References
Evaluating CDCL Variable Scoring Schemes
1 Introduction
2 Decision Heuristics
3 Implementation
3.1 Fast Queue for VMTF
3.2 Generic Queue for all Decision Heuristics
3.3 Rescore, Reuse-Trail and Complexity
4 Results
5 Conclusion
References
SAT-Based Horn Least Upper Bounds
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 SAT-Based Algorithms
3.1 HFLUBBER: An Iterative Refinement Approach
3.2 IP-HORN: Computing all Horn Prime Implicates
3.3 Discussion
4 Results
5 Conclusions
References
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Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing -- SAT 2015

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