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An Introduction to Business Accounting for Managers, Third Edition reviews developments in the business accounting arena, including the crystallization of accounting thought on how to deal with escalating rates of inflation, culminating in the proposals for Current Cost Accounting; the acute cash crisis, itself an offshoot of inflation, faced by many companies in the mid-1970s leading to a greater need for awareness and control of cash flow; the specter of several major company collapses and scandals leading to a growing demand for accounting standards; and the growing use of value added within accounting and reporting systems. This book is comprised of 17 chapters and begins with a discussion on the use and abuse of accounting, with emphasis on financial accounting and cost accounting, management's use of accounting, and the reliability of accounting service. The reader is then introduced to the principles of bookkeeping, marginal costing, and corporate taxation; accounting concepts and accounting standards; preparation of balance sheet and ascertainment of a company's profit or loss and financial position; and annual accounts of a limited company. A comparison of profit and cash flow is also presented, and the use of accounting as an aid to management planning and control is explained. This monograph will be a valuable resource for accountants and business and financial managers.
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978-1-4831-3664-6 (9781483136646)
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Preface to the Third EditionPreface to the Second EditionPreface to the First Edition1 Use and Abuse of Accounting The Profit Motive Twin Fields of Accounting Financial Accounting Cost Accounting Management's Use of Accounting Accounting: A Service with Limitations The Reliability of the Accounting Service2 Development and Principles of Book-Keeping Brief History of Accounting Double-Entry Book-Keeping The Account Cash and Credit Transactions Classification of Accounts Books of Account Balance on an Account Balancing the Books3 Ascertainment of Profit or Loss and Financial Position Cost of Goods Sold Relevance of Income and Expenditure Profit and Loss Account Capital Account Profit Belongs to the Owner Balance Sheet Preparation of Balance Sheet Balance Sheet Grouping Fundamental Observations on the Balance Sheet Relationship of Balance Sheet with Profit and Loss Account Accounting Period4 Accounting Concepts and Accounting Standards What is Profit? Accounting Concepts Accounting Conventions Capital and Revenue Expenditure Depreciation of Fixed Assets Methods of Depreciation Valuation of Current Assets Goodwill Valuation of Goodwill Balance Sheet Story Scope for Opinion Accounting Standards5 the Limited Company Legal Status Memorandum and Articles of Association Public and Private Companies Share Capital Classes of Share Preference Shares Ordinary Shares Debentures Board of Directors6 Annual Accounts of a Limited Company Treatment of Capital Treatment of Profit Appropriation to Reserve Dividends Tax Appropriation Specimen Annual Accounts Vertical Presentation7 Value Added What is Value Added? Significance for National Economy Significance for Productivity Measurement Use within Incentive Schemes Significance in Financial Reporting Practical Problems8 Profit vs. Cash Flow Profit is an Opinion... ...But Cash Flow is a Fact Profit vs. Cash Measurement of Cash Flow Cash Flow from Operations Statement of Source and Application of Funds9 Impact of Inflation on Accounting Information Impact of Inflation on Profit Impact of Inflation on Cash Flow Rate of Inflation Inflation and Financial Performance Monetary Items History of Accounting for Inflation Current Cost Accounting (CCA) Where are We Now?10 Published Financial Information Legal Requirements Other Pressures The Corporate Report The Published Report and Accounts Booklet Consolidated Accounts Consolidated Accounts with Minority Interests Presentation of Financial Information to Employees11 Interpretation of Annual Accounts First Principles Points of View Non-Financial Considerations What to Look for Principles of Profitability Analysis Profitability Ratios Liquidity Ratios Overtrading Sources and Uses of Funds Capital Structure Dividend Ratios Share Valuation Bonus Shares (Scrip Issue) Desirable Ratios Typical Products Ltd.