
The Psychology of Rivalry
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Content
- Intro
- Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Chapter 1
- An Evolutionary Perspective of Rivalry in the Family
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Parent-Child Conflict
- Fetus and Mother Conflicts
- Conflicts during Infancy and Childhood
- Parents' Decisions About When and How Much to Invest
- Child's Health
- Child's Age
- Mother's Reproductive Status
- Social Support
- Life-History Theory and Differential Parental Investment
- Infanticide
- Investment by Others: Stepparent and Grandparent Investment
- Stepparent Investment
- Grandparent Investment
- Children's Evolved Mechanisms for Eliciting Investment from Their Parents
- Mechanisms of Attachment
- Jealousy in the First Year
- Preschool-Age Children's Attempts to Manipulate Their Parents
- Sibling Rivalry
- Only Child No More
- Sibling Violence
- Conflict and Solidarity between Full-, Half-, and Stepsiblings
- Some Benefits of Sibling Rivalry
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 2
- The Physiology of Rivalry in Infancy
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Physiology and Jealousy-Rivalry
- Overview of EEG in Infancy
- EEG and Jealousy-Rivalry
- An Overview of Stress Reactive-Cortisol Responses in Infancy
- Cortisol and Jealousy-Rivalry
- EEG, Cortisol, and Behavioral Responses to Jealousy-Rivalry - A Study
- Method
- Participants
- Results
- Future Directions
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 3
- Becoming an Older Sibling: Introducing the Sibling Outcome Survey (SOS) - An Instrument For Assessing Risk and Resilience in the Toddler-Newborn Infant Relationship
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Nature of Sibling Relationship in Early Childhood
- Significance of Sibling Relationships in Child Development and Family Processes
- Measuring Sibling Relationship across the Transition to Siblinghood
- Methods
- Participants
- Procedure
- Measures
- Mother-Reported Child Variables
- Sibling Outcome Survey
- Child Behavior Problems
- Mother-Reported Maternal Variables
- Depression
- Parenting Stress
- Parenting Self-Efficacy
- Overview of Analyses
- Results
- Psychometric Properties of the SOS Subscales
- Validation of the SOS Subscales
- Child Behavior Problems and Competence (CBCL and BITSEA)
- Maternal Parenting Stress
- Parenting Self-Efficacy
- Discussion
- Sibling Outcome Survey (SOS)
- Validation of the SOS
- Child Behavior Problems
- Parenting Stress
- Parenting Self-Efficacy
- Strengths and Limitations
- Conclusion
- Appendix A
- References
- Chapter 4
- "Will You Stop Saving the Day? You're Just the Sidekick": Rivalry in Young Children's Sibling Relationships
- Abstract
- Introduction
- What Is Sibling Rivalry?
- Rivalry in a Complex Social World
- Rivalry as an Internalized Process
- How Does Sibling Rivalry Differ from Other Sibling Dynamics, Such as Conflict?
- How Often Does Rivalry Occur?
- What Leads Children to Experience Jealousy and Rivalry?
- Alternate Drivers of Sibling Rivalry
- Power Differentials
- Social Comparison, Differentiation, and Sibling Deidentification
- Parental Differential Treatment
- Poor Social and Emotional Competencies
- Implications of Sibling Rivalry for Development
- How Can Rivalry Promote Individual Development, Success, and Well-Being?
- Becoming the Best Possible Versions of Themselves through Competition
- Joining Forces: Sibling Solidarity
- Building Social and Emotional Competencies through Rivalry/Competition
- Understanding Sibling Rivalry within the Context of the Family System
- The Sibling Subsystem
- The Intimacy of Sibling Relationships
- Children's Sibling Relationships Are Ambivalent Relationships
- Rivalry and Adaptive Family Functioning
- Maintaining Parent-Child Engagement
- Strengthening the Marital Alliance
- Fostering Family Cohesion
- Rivalry and Maladaptive Family Functioning
- Fostering Competition
- Comparisons and Unwarranted Differential Treatment
- Failure to Build Socioemotional Competencies
- Weak or Inappropriate Boundaries
- Rivalry as a Symptom
- Potential Mechanisms to Reduce Rivalry within the Family Context
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 5
- Twin Rivalry in Childhood
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Rivalry and Other Dimensions in Twins' Relations
- Twins' Experiences in the First Years of Life - Foundations for Rivalry
- Twins' Rivalry - Theories and Research
- Twins' Rivalry from the Psychoanalytic Perspective
- Twins and Separation - Individuation Theory
- Twins and the Oedipal Stage
- Rivalry Resolution - Psychoanalytic Perspective
- Twins' Rivalry from the Evolutionary Perspective
- Evolutionary Theory - Main Concepts
- Evolutionary Concepts - Implications for Twins' Rivalry
- Rivalry Resolution - Evolutionary Perspective
- Twin Research - Findings on Rivalry
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 6
- Implicit Beliefs and Culturally-Embedded Values Can Help Reframe Sibling Jealousy
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Definitions
- What Is a Sibling?
- Defining Rivalry
- Defining Jealousy
- An Assumption and a Complication in the Study of Jealousy
- Correlates of Sibling Jealousy
- Parental Differential Treatment
- Family Constellation
- Development of Jealousy
- Implicit Theories: A Framework For Sibling Jealousy
- Introduction to Implicit Theories
- Implicit Theories and Sibling/Peer Relationships
- Does Age or What Is Happening in the Ecological Context Have Impact?
- What Does Culture Have to Do with It?
- Individualism/Collectivism
- Verticality/Horizontality
- Geographical, Historical, and Socioeconomic Status (SES) Differences
- Summary
- Transitions
- Social Comparison
- Applications for Parents
- Supporting Incremental Thinking
- Supporting the Goal of Family Harmony
- References
- Chapter 7
- When Friends Differ: How Imbalances Between Partners Influence Young Adolescents' Friendship Rivalry and Competition
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Friendship Similarity
- Friendship Differences
- The Difference That Differences Make
- Friendship Differences, Rivalry and Competition
- Summary
- Understanding How Friends Understand Inequities and Imbalances and What This Means for Their Rivalry and Competition
- Aim 1: Assess Young Adolescents' Perceptions of the Relative Balance in Their Friendships, Whether This Varies by Sex, and Whether Partners Agree on This
- Aim 2: Are Imbalances Always Upsetting to Young Adolescents and Can Personal Factors Predict and Moderate Any Link Between Imbalance and Upset Over It?
- Aim 3: Explore How Friendship Partners' Perceptions of Their Relative Advantage or Disadvantage vis-à-vis One Another Are Linked to Rivalry and Competition Between Them
- Six Reflections on Differences, Rivalry, and Competition in Children and Adolescents' Friendships
- Difference Detection
- Difference Discontent
- Dispositions to Differences
- Differences Disputes
- Diverging Differences
- Differences as Developmental Opportunities
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 8
- A Selective Review of Research and Theory on Adult Rivalry: Considering Anger, Jealousy, and Dominance Motives
- Abstract
- Anger and Rivalry
- Social Rejection, Anger, and Rivalry
- Jealousy and Rivalry: Neural Correlates
- Jealousy and Rivalry Background
- Summary of Section
- A Symbolic Self-Completion Theory Perspective on Rivalry
- Symbolic Self-Completion Theory
- Symbolic Self-Completion on the Internet
- Symbolic Self-Completion and Men's Value for Large Penises
- Summary of Section
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 9
- Rivalry in Coparenting at the
- Transition to Parenthood
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Coparenting and the Transition to Parenthood
- Competitive Coparenting as Rivalry
- Predictors of Competitive Coparenting
- Methods
- Participants and Procedure
- Measures
- Results
- Analysis Plan
- Preliminary Analyses
- Hierarchical Regression Analyses
- Discussion
- References
- Chapter 10
- Continuity and Change in Adult Children's Perceptions of Maternal Favoritism: Consequences for Relationships with Siblings in Midlife
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Stability and Change in Perceptions of Maternal Favoritism
- Consequences of Continuity and Change in Maternal Favoritism for Sibling Closeness
- Methods
- Procedures
- Measures
- Dependent Variables
- Independent Variables
- Control Variables
- Analytic Plan
- Results
- Continuity and Change in Perceived Maternal Favoritism
- Discussion
- References
- List of Contributors
- About the Editors
- Index
- Blank Page
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