Vectors of Plant Pathogens

List of ContributorsPrefaceChapter 1. Aphids, Leafhoppers, and Planthoppers 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Aphids 1.3 Leafhoppers 1.4 Planthoppers 1.5 Conclusion 1.6 ReferencesChapter 2. Mealybugs 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Transmission Characteristics 2.3 ReferencesChapter 3. Whiteflies 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Whitefly Vectors 3.3 Yellow Mosaic Diseases 3.4 Yellow Vein Mosaic Diseases 3.5 Leaf Curl Diseases 3.6 Mosaic Diseases 3.7 Suspected Whitefly Transmitted Diseases 3.8 Discussion and Conclusions 3.9 Acknowledgments 3.10 ReferencesChapter 4. Psyllids 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Pear Decline 4.3 Greening Disease of Citrus 4.4 Proliferation Disease of Carrots 4.5 ReferencesChapter 5. Membracids 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Symptomatology of Pseudo-Curly Top (PCT) Disease 5.3 Transmission of PCT Agent 5.4 Life History of the Treehopper Vector 5.5 Epidemiology 5.6 Nature of the PCT Agent 5.7 Relationship of PCT to Other Curly Top Diseases 5.8 ReferencesChapter 6. Piesmids 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Piesma quadratum (Fieb.) and the Beet Leafcurl Virus 6.3 Piesma quadratum (Fieb.) and Beet Latent Rosette Disease 6.4 Piesma cinereum (Say) and Sugarbeet Savoy Virus 6.5 ReferencesChapter 7. Beetles 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Viruses 7.3 The Beetles 7.4 Beetle Vectoring of Viruses 7.5 Association of Virus with Beetles 7.6 Speculation on Mechanisms of Transmission 7.7 Acknowledgment 7.8 ReferencesChapter 8. Bark Beetles, Ceratocystis ulmi and Dutch Elm Disease 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Transmission 8.3 Elm Bark Beetle Characteristics: Contrasting Scolytus multistriatus and Hylorgopinus Rufìpes 8.4 Disease Control by Insect Control 8.5 Closing Remarks 8.6 Acknowledgments 8.7 ReferencesChapter 9 Thrips 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Thrips and Gall Formation 9.3 Thrips as Vectors of Bacterial, Fungal, and Viral Pathogens 9.4 Acknowledgment 9.5 ReferencesChapter 10. Flies 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Diptera as Vectors of Disease Agents 10.3 Biology of Liriomyza Flies 10.4 Mode of Transmission and Natural Spread 10.5 ReferencesChapter 11. Lethal Yellowing of Coconut Palm: Search for a Vector 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Patterns of Spread 11.3 Symptomatology 11.4 Causal Agent 11.5 Historical Perspectives in the Search for a Vectors) of Lethal Yellowing Agent 11.6 Vector Research in the United States 11.7 Attempts to Mechanically Transmit LY Agent 11.8 Determination of Incubation Period in Palm 11.9 Attempts to Culture Coconut Embryo and Tissue In Vitro 11.10 Discussion 11.11 Acknowledgments 11.12 ReferencesChapter 12. Insect Involvement in the Transmission of Bacterial Pathogens 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Insect Transmission of Bacterial Pathogens 12.3 Summary 12.4 Acknowledgments 12.5 ReferencesChapter 13. Insect Involvement in the Transmission of Fungal Pathogens 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Role of Insects in the Transmission of Fungal Plant Pathogens in the Soil 13.3 Role of Insects in the Transmission of Fungi Affecting Stalks, Stems, Trunks, and Branches 13.4 Role of Insects in the Transmission of Fungi Causing Foliar Diseases 13.5 Role of Insects in the Transmission of Fungal Diseases Affecting Buds and Blossoms 13.6 Role of Insects in the Transmission of Fungal Diseases Affecting Fruits or Seeds in the Field 13.7 Role of Insects in the Transmission of Fungal Diseases Affecting Fruits or Seeds After Harvest 13.8 Concluding Remarks 13.9 ReferencesChapter 14. Mites 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Characteristics of the Eriophyids 14.3 Vectors of Agents that Cause Diseases of Monocots 14.4 Vectors of Agents that Cause Diseases of Dicots 14.5 Diseases Probably Caused by Mites without an Infectious Agent 14.