
Interlanguage
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Content
- Interlanguage
- Editorial page
- Title page
- LCC data
- Table of contents
- Acknowledgements
- Introduction
- Chapter 1. Enduring questions from the Interlanguage Hypothesis
- Introduction
- Selected, interrelated themes originating in Selinker (1972)
- Two questions that follow from Selinker (1972)
- Relevance of the interlanguage hypothesis to the present
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 2. Rediscovering prediction
- Introduction
- Predictions in light of some empirical work
- Relevance to the latent psychological structure
- Limits on predictability
- Multilingualism
- Idiosyncrasy in forms
- Idiosyncrasy in meanings
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 3. From Julie to Wes to Alberto
- Introduction
- Inter-learner and intra-learner differential success
- 'Fossilization' (Selinker, 1972)
- Intra-learner differential failure: Selective fossilization
- Selective fossilization of discourse properties
- Idiosyncrasy and theoretical paucity
- The Selective Fossilization Hypothesis
- Theoretical controversies and the future of fossilization research
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 4. Interlanguage, transfer and fossilization
- Introduction
- Generative approaches to second language acquisition
- Linguistic competence and interlanguage
- L1 transfer
- Fossilization
- Beyond L2 acquisition: Language contact and change
- From interlanguage to new language varieties
- Incomplete acquisition and age effects
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 5. The limits of instruction
- Introduction
- First, some definitions
- Language
- Formal Instruction
- The evidence for limited instructional effects
- Staged development
- Poverty of the stimulus
- Yes, but...
- So, why these non-effects? Against "rules"
- One more "yes, but..."
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Chapter 6. Documenting interlanguage development
- Introduction
- Functional approaches to interlanguage analysis
- Interlanguage temporality
- Interlanguage development, choice, and interpretation in L2 pragmatics
- Conventional expressions: Interlanguage grammar in so-called formulas
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 7. Methodological influences of "Interlanguage" (1972)
- Introduction
- What counts as data?
- Data in historical context
- Grammaticality judgments
- Nonsense data
- Early research using nonsense syllable and words
- Current studies
- Artificial language studies
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 8. Trying out theories on interlanguage
- Introduction
- The theme of description vs. explanation in Selinker (1972)
- A forewarning: The complexity of description-theory relationships
- The development of L2 negation: Stages and sequences in the 1970s and 1980s
- The variationist approach (1980s-1990s)
- Negation in universal grammar perspective since the 1990s
- Also during the 1990s: Italian negation in the basic variety
- Onto the future? Usage-based approaches to English negation
- Conclusion
- Looking forward
- References
- Chapter 9. Another step to be taken - Rethinking the end point of the interlanguage continuum
- Introduction
- Five enduring contributions of the interlanguage article
- The separation of teaching from learning
- The definition of acceptable data
- The existence of a separate linguistic system
- Fossilization
- Distinguishing linguistic units from psychological units
- An enduring controversy, too
- Another step to be taken
- Development as a transitional state changing towards the TL
- (Idealized) monolingual native speaker
- The ultimate yardstick of linguistic success
- A teleological view of language
- Reconciling the non-teleological nature of language with the normativity of language teaching
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 10. Interlanguage 40 years on
- Introduction
- Three major themes
- Historical understanding
- "Interlanguage as a system in its own right" (Selinker 1972)
- The creation of a "deep interlanguage semantics"
- Peroration: Developing "doubt as a critical skill"
- "Tell me: How can i transfer my native language English patterns to someone else's French? There must be another system involved."
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Name index
- Subject index
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