
Towards a Social Science of Language
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- TOWARDS A SOCIAL SCIENCE OF LANGUAGE
- Editorial page
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Table of contents
- Preface
- Foreword
- Note
- I. Social Interaction and Discourse Structures
- Discourse Analysis, Structuralism, and the Description of Social Practice
- 1. Introduction
- 2. What is a Structuralist Theory of Language?
- Assumption 1. It is possible to identify linguistic structures.
- Assumption 2. Structures consist of boundaries, substructures, and their internal relations.
- Assumption 3. Structural descriptions are atemporal.
- 3. Is Structuralism Necessary for Discourse Analysis?
- 4. What Other Approaches are Possible?
- 5. Unified Approach to the Analysis of Discourse
- 6. Relation of Structural Units and Social Practice
- 7. Future Directions for Discourse Analysis
- 7.1 The extension of units
- 7.2 Coherence systems and discourse presuppositions
- 7.3 From social practice to discourse construction
- 8. Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- Third Turn Repair
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Environments of Third Turn Repair
- 3. The Relevant Positioning of Third Turn Repair
- 4. Differential Interactional Import
- 5. An Upshot to be Drawn from Third Turn Repair
- Notes
- References
- The Transformation of Experience, Identity, and Context
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Stories, Identity, and Context
- 3. Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- Deliberative Action Constructs: Reference and Evaluation in Narrative
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Data
- 3. Linguistic Description of DACs
- 4. DACs as a Structure Within the Complication
- 4.1 The pronominal pattern in DACs
- 4.2 Ellipsis in DACs
- 4.3 The discrete identity and unremarkable nature of DAC actions
- 4.4 The emergence of meaning
- 4.5 Summary
- 5. DACs as an Evaluative Mechanism
- 6. Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- Byplay: Negotiating Evaluation in Storytelling
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Alternative Trajectories of Byplay
- 3. Procedures for Inviting Coparticipation in Byplay
- 4. Stepwise Entry of Principal Addressed Recipient and Speaker into Byplay
- 5. Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- An Empirical Study of Textual Structure: Horse Race Calls
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Event Structure and Linguistic Structure
- 2.1 The textual structure of horse race calls
- 2.2 Selecting the variables
- 2.3 Coding the data
- 2.4 Statistical analysis
- 2.5 Textual structure and entropy analysis
- 3. Summary and Discussion
- Notes
- References
- Discourse Clues to Coded Language in an Impeachment Hearing
- 1. Types of Codes
- 2. Criteria for Partial and Disguised Codes
- 3. The Use of Discourse Analysis in Identifying Coded Language
- 4. Discourse Analysis of the Conversation
- 5. The Test of Logical Consistency
- 5.1 "Going back
- 5.2 "Going back" versus "coming back
- 5.3 "No great big problem
- 5.4 "Change in plan
- 5.5 "Send stuff off
- 5.6 "Things" versus "stuff
- 6. Conclusion
- References
- Appendix
- The Incongruity of Jokes, Riddles and Humorous Situations
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Simple Incongruity - Surprise
- 3. Suls' Two-Stage Model
- 4. Violations Leading to Incongruity
- 4.1 Violations of salience
- 4.2 Violations of the accessibility hierarchy
- 4.3 Violations of parallelism
- 4.4 Violations of constraints within a sublanguage
- 5. The Gricean Model and Humor
- 6. Conclusions
- Notes
- References
- Discourse Enumerators and Schegloff's Denominator
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Enumerations and Their Levels of Analysis
- 2.1 Method
- 3. Relationships Among Structural Factors
- 4. Relationships Among the Referential Factors
- 5. Relationships Among the Interactional Factors
- 6. Relationships Among the Discourse Factors
- 7. Connections Among Levels
- 8. A Methodological Apology
- 9. Discussion
- Note
- References
- On the Interactional Bases of Speech Community Membership
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1 Community norms of interaction
- 1.2 Ethnography of communication
- 2. Conversational Cooperation
- 2.1 Conversation: ESL teachers in California
- 2.2 Interview: English speaking South Asians
- 2.3 Group discussion: African-American teenagers
- 3. Ethnicity and Discourse
- 4. Social Networks
- References
- II. Language in use: Syntactic and Lexical Variation
- On Focussing Sentences in Brazilian Portuguese
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Methodology
- 3. Grammatical Factors
- 3.1 Grammatical category of C1
- 3.2 Syntactic function of C1
- 3.3 Transitivity
- 4. Discourse Analysis
- 4.1 Contrast
- 4.2 Topical structure
- 4.3 Informational status of C1
- 5. Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- On Kind-Sentences, Resumptive Pronouns, and Relative Clauses
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Corpus
- 3. Syntactic Evidence
- 4. A Problem with the Analysis
- 5. Relevant Discourse Factors
- 5.1 'Island-amnestying ' resumptive pronoun relative clauses
- 5.2 'Predicational' resumptive pronoun relative clauses
- 5.3 Summary
- 6. Crosslinguistic Comparisons
- 6.1. Yiddish
- 6.2 Semitic
- 7. Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- Viewpoint, Sequencing, and Pronoun Usage in Javanese Short Stories
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Data and Other Preliminary Considerations
- 3. Di- and Narrative Clauses
- 4. Dheweke and Subjectivity
- 4.1 Lintang panjer sore - "Evening star" (Brata 1979)
- 4.2 Sadulur angkat - "The adopted sibling" (Widayat 1979)
- 4.3 Ulihe ing wayah sore - "Going home in the late afternoon" (Susilomurti 1979)
- 4.4 Keluwargane Bu Nyai Blorong - "Mrs. Blorong's family" (Peni 1979)
- 5. Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- Patterns of Incorporation of Lexemes in Language Contact: Language typology or sociolinguistics?
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1 Definitions
- 1.2 Typology and incorporation patterns
- 2. The Data
- 2.1 Incorporations with Finnish as ML and Swedish as EL
- 2.2 Incorporations from English (EL) into Swedish (ML)
- 2.3 Incorporations with Sango as ML and French as EL
- 2.4 Summary of finding s
- 3. Discussion
- 3.1 Finnish in Sweden
- 3.2 Americans in Göteborg
- 3.3 Sango-French bilinguals in CAR
- Notes
- References
- The Sociolinguistic Dynamics of Apparent Convergence
- 1. Introduction
- 2. French-English Contact along the Quebec-Ontario Border
- 3. The French Subjunctive: A Candidate for Contact-Induced Change?
- 4. The Social Conditioning of Mood Choice
- 4.1 The lexical effect on social distribution
- 4.2 Factoring out the lexical effect
- 5. Subjunctive Usage under Non-verbal Matrices
- 6. Summary and Discussion
- 6.1 Interpreting the effects of uneven distribution
- 6.2 The orthogonality of linguistic and extra-linguistic factors
- 6.3 Implications for a theory of convergence
- Notes
- References
- Varbruland the Human/Inanimate Polarization of the Swahili Object Marker
- 1. Introductory Remarks
- 2. The General Issues at Stake
- 3. Human/Inanimate Polarization of the Swahili Object Marker
- 4. An Evolutionary Interpretation of Human/Inanimate Polarization
- 4.1 Early anaphoric and contextual topicality properties of the OM
- 4.2 OM evolution in the VO context
- 4.3 Absence of inanimate independent pronouns in Swahili discourse
- 4.4 Inherent topicality as a factor in OM selection in multiple object contexts
- 5. Varbrul Analysis of the Evolution of Human/Inanimate Polarization
- 5.1 The historical samples used in the Varbrul analyses
- 5.2 Factor groups used in the Varbrul analyses
- 5.3 Results of the Varbrul analyses
- 6. Concluding Remarks
- Notes
- References
- William Labov: A Bibliography
- Books
- Articles
- Translations
- Published Interviews
- Index
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