Compendium of Hydrogen Energy

- List of contributors - Part One: Hydrogen storage in pure form - 1: Introduction to hydrogen storage - Abstract - 1.1 Introduction - 1.2 Physical storage - 1.3 Material-based hydrogen storage - 2: Hydrogen liquefaction and liquid hydrogen storage - Abstract - Acknowledgments - 2.1 Introduction: Why liquefying hydrogen? - 2.2 Basics of cryogenic liquefaction - 2.3 Hydrogen thermodynamic properties at ambient and low temperatures - 2.4 Large-scale hydrogen liquefaction and storage - 2.5 Advantages and disadvantages - 2.6 Current uses of liquid hydrogen - 2.7 Sources of further information and advice - 3: Slush hydrogen production, storage, and transportation - Abstract - 3.1 Introduction: What is slush hydrogen? - 3.2 Hydrogen energy system using slush hydrogen - 3.3 Thermophysical properties of slush hydrogen - 3.4 Process of producing and storing slush hydrogen - 3.5 Density and mass flow meters for slush hydrogen - 3.6 Advantages and disadvantages of transporting slush hydrogen via pipeline - 3.7 Uses of stored slush and liquid hydrogen - 3.8 Conclusions - 3.9 Future trends - 3.10 Sources of future information and advice - Appendix A Production - Appendix B Flow and heat transfer - Appendix C Measurement instrumentation - 4: Underground and pipeline hydrogen storage - Abstract - Acknowledgments - 4.1 Underground hydrogen storage as an element of energy cycle - 4.2 Scientific problems related to UHS - 4.3 Biochemical transformations of underground hydrogen - 4.4 Hydrodynamic losses of H2 in UHS - 4.5 Other problems - 4.6 Pipeline storage of hydrogen - Part Two: Physical and chemical storage of hydrogen - 5: Cryo-compressed hydrogen storage - Abstract - Acknowledgments - 5.1 Introduction - 5.2 Thermodynamics and kinetics of cryo-compressed hydrogen storage - 5.3 Performance of onboard storage system - 5.4 Well-to-tank efficiency - 5.5 Assessment of cryo-compressed hydrogen storage and outlook - 6: Adsorption of hydrogen on carbon nanostructure - Abstract - 6.1 Introduction - 6.2 General considerations for physisorption of hydrogen on carbon nanostructures - 6.3 Carbon nanotubes and fullerenes - 6.4 Activated carbons - 6.5 Layered graphene nanostructures - 6.6 Zeolite-templated carbons - 6.7 Conclusion - 7: Metal-organic frameworks for hydrogen storage - Abstract - 7.1 Introduction - 7.2 Synthetic considerations - 7.3 Cryo-temperature hydrogen storage at low and high pressures - 7.4 Room temperature hydrogen storage at high pressure - 7.5 Nanoconfinement of chemical hydrides in MOFs - 7.6 Conclusions and future trends - 8: Other methods for the physical storage of hydrogen - Abstract - 8.1 Introduction - 8.2 Storage of compressed hydrogen in glass microcontainers - 8.3 Hydrogen physisorption in porous materials - 8.4 Hydrogen hydrate clathrates - 8.5 Conclusions and outlook - 9: Use of carbohydrates for hydrogen storage - Abstract - 9.1 Introduction - 9.2 Converting carbohydrates to hydrogen by SyPaB - 9.3 Challenges of carbohydrates as hydrogen storage and respective solutions - 9.4 Future carbohydrate-to-hydrogen systems - 9.5 Conclusions - 9.6 Sources of future information and advice - 10: Conceptual density functional theory (DFT) approach to all-metal aromaticity and hydrogen storage - Abstract - Acknowledgments - 10.1 Introduction - 10.2 Background of conceptual DFT - 10.3 All-metal aromaticity - 10.4 Role of aromaticity in hydrogen storage - 10.5 Case studies of possible hydrogen-storage materials with the aid of CDFT - 10.6 Future trends - Part Three: Hydrogen distribution and infrastructure - 11: Introduction to hydrogen transportation - Abstract - 11.1 Introduction - 11.2 Overview of methods for hydrogen transportation - 11.3 Difficulties involved with the transportation of hydrogen - 11.4 Future trends - 11.5 Sources of further information and advice - 12: Hydrogen transportation by pipelines - Abstract - 12.