Enhanced Test Automation with WebdriverIO

Name: Enhanced Test Automation with WebdriverIO | Unlock the superpowers of hybrid testing frameworks
Brand: Packt Publishing Limited
Price: 29.99 EUR
Availability: OnlineOnly

Unlock the superpowers of hybrid testing frameworks

Paul M. Grossman Larry C. Goddard Angie Jones(Author)

Packt Publishing Limited

1st Edition

Published on 30. November 2023

328 pages

E-Book

ePUB with Adobe-DRM

System requirements

E-Book

ePUB without DRM

System requirements

978-1-83763-048-6 (ISBN)

from €29.99

Available for download

Watchlist: see prices

Description

Alles über E-Books | Antworten auf Fragen rund um E-Books, Kopierschutz und Dateiformate finden Sie in unserem Info- & Hilfebereich.

Alles über E-Books, Kopierschutz & Dateiformate finden Sie in unserem Info- & Hilfebereich.

Elevate your testing game to the next level using advanced techniques and proven strategies with this book for WebdriverIO beginners and automation pros alikeKey Features - Improve your coding skills and empower your automation journey
- Leverage self-healing objects and adaptive frameworks for cutting-edge WebdriverIO automation
- Overcome script stability challenges and ensure robust, dependable test execution
- Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free PDF eBook
Book DescriptionThis book helps you embark on a comprehensive journey to master the art of WebdriverIO automation, from installation through to advanced framework development. You'll start by following step-by-step instructions on installing WebdriverIO, configuring Node packages, and creating a simple test. Here you'll gain an understanding of the mechanics while also learning to add reporting and screen captures to your test results to enhance your test case documentation. In the next set of chapters, you'll delve into the intricacies of configuring and developing robust method wrappers, a crucial skill for supporting multiple test suites. The book goes beyond the basics, exploring testing techniques tailored for Jenkins as well as LambdaTest cloud environments. As you progress, you'll gain a deep understanding of both TypeScript and JavaScript languages and acquire versatile coding skills. By the end of this book, you'll have developed the expertise to construct a sophisticated test automation framework capable of executing an entire suite of tests using WebdriverIO in either TypeScript or JavaScript, as well as excel in your test automation endeavors and deliver reliable, efficient testing solutions.What you will learn - Discover techniques to efficiently maintain and enhance your Page Object Model, saving time and effort
- Gain insight into diagnosing and resolving script instability issues to ensure reliable test execution
- Improve test resilience by building objects that adapt to changing element locators
- Enhance your testing productivity by learning to write effective test cases with TypeScript
- Explore strategies for comprehensive result analysis to enable data-driven decision-making
- Develop frameworks that adapt to evolving user journeys, ensuring long-term test sustainability
Who this book is forWhether you are a novice software development engineer in test (SDET) joining your first WebdriverIO automation project building test cases in TypeScript, or a seasoned lead framework architect experienced in solutioning daily test automation challenges, this book is for you. This book will also help developers and framework architects with basic knowledge of JavaScript or TypeScript who are looking to gain expertise in functional frontend testing. A basic understanding of CSS and XPath will help you get the most out of this book.

All prices

More details

Other editions

Content

Cover
Title Page
Copyright and Credits
Dedication
Foreword
Contributors
Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: The Utility Belt - Tools Every Superhero SDET Needs
Virgin machine setup
Rule of thumb - the hardware resources and access rights must match the development team
Installing Node.js and npm
Alternate node package managers - Yarn versus npm
Configuring the coding environment with GitHub Desktop
GitHub and the GitHub Desktop tool
Getting a GitHub account
Installing GitHub Desktop
Choosing your TypeScript development environment - Microsoft Visual Studio Code versus JetBrains Aqua
Installing Visual Studio Code for your operating system
Initializing the Node project
Configuring Visual Studio Code
X-ray vision - writing better code with Prettier, ESLint, and GitLens
Installing Visual Studio Code add-ons - Prettier
Installing Visual Studio Code add-ons - GitLens
Installing Visual Studio Code add-ons - ESLint
Installing Chrome extensions
Adding the SelectorsHub Chrome extension
Adding the EditThisCookie Chrome extension
Pinning Chrome extensions to the browser title bar
Installing WebdriverIO
Summary
Chapter 2: Fortress of Solitude - Configuring WebdriverIO
WebdriverIO setup
Option 1 - cloning WebdriverIO from a boilerplate project
Building and installing the project dependencies
Making our first commit
Summary
Chapter 3: Cybernetic Enhancements - WebdriverIO Config and Debug Tips
The three main files of a WebdriverIO node project
The package.json file
The yarn.lock file
The wdio.conf.ts file and webhooks
Rule of thumb - match your developer's hardware
Letting Yarn help keep files up to date
Configuring debugging with VS Code
browser.debug()
Dynamic configuration
A note about template strings
Reducing the signal-to-noise ratio
Our first custom wrapper method - global.log()
Rules to enforce coding standards
Strict mode
Turning on individual TypeScript subset rule checks
CodeGPT
Summary
Chapter 4: Super Speed - Time-Travel Paradoxes and Broken Promises
Technical requirements
The time-travel dilemma
Schrödinger and the quantum mechanics of test automation
Callbacks, promises, and async/await
The death of fibers and synchronous mode
Keep it simple with async and await
Summary
Chapter 5: Alter Egos - The ClickAdv Wrapper
Adding a helpers file
The "Hello, World!" of test automation
ES6 helper modules versus overriding intrinsic methods
Overriding intrinsic element methods
Adding a custom element method
Who tests the SDET's code? Sanity testing of the automation framework
Extending our ES module helper file with a custom click method
Why are waits difficult to implement correctly?
"I don't always use Pause(), but when I do, It's less than 1000 milliseconds"
Highlighting elements
Expanding the click method wrapper
Supercharged scroll before a click event
Expanding the click method wrapper
The importance of metrics
Self-healing elements
Stubbing out methods with the "alreadyFailed" switchboard key
Summary
Chapter 6: The setValue Wrapper - Entering Text and Dynamic Data Replacement
Normalizing the element type
Adding the setValue() method wrapper
Is this trip really necessary?
Coal into diamonds - replacing dynamic data tags
Injecting versus typing text into a field
Checking whether the field is pre-populated for speed
Behind the mask - SetValuePassword() to keep data secure
Detecting and masking passwords in your output
Putting it all together
Summary
Chapter 7: The Select Wrapper - Choosing Values in Lists and Comboboxes
Adding the base functionality of clickAdv() and setValueAdv() to selectAdv()
Selecting an item from the list
Selecting from a combobox
Using selectByVisibleText
Using selectByAttribute
Using selectByIndex
Inspecting a list that closes when it loses focus with SelectorsHub
Writing a locator that is an element inside a list
Summary
Chapter 8: The Assert Wrapper - the Importance of Embedded Details
expect, assert, and should -how did we get here?
What is Jasmine?
What is Jest?
What is Chai?
Timeout - delay of game
What is expect-webdriverio?
What are hard and soft expect assertions?
Putting it all together
What are soft assertions and why would we need them?
Soft asserts - allowing a test to continue after an assertion fails
Introduction to Allure reports
Summary
Chapter 9: The Ancient Spell Book - Building the Page Object Model
Technical requirements
What is Page Object Model?
What constitutes a good Page Object pattern?
Creating a page class for the tests
Adding object selectors
// LoginPage.ts
// HomePage.ts
module.exports = new HomePage()
Calling methods to be used in the test
// TestName.ts
Reducing code with common objects and methods
POM using Klassi-js
Project structure
Cucumber feature files
Page objects
Cucumber step definitions
Running tests
Summary
Chapter 10: Increased Flexibility - Writing Robust Selectors and Reducing Maintenance
Technical requirements
Reducing page object maintenance with generic selectors
Anatomy of an XPath selector
Relative selectors
Node test functions - text() versus normalize-space()
Broken strings
Leveraging data-qa and ARIA attributes
Finding an element only by text
Writing an XPath element that contains a textual substring
Finding an element relative to another element
Case-insensitive partial matches
Finding only visible elements
Second chances - getting valid objects from stale selectors
Self healing techniques
On thin ice
Summary
Chapter 11: Echo Location - Skipping the Page Object Model
A reduced code base
Automation in plain English
Getting a named button
Getting a named input field
Getting a named list
Getting a visible button by name
Getting a visible field by name
Getting a visible list by name
Getting a visible element from a collection
Beware the endless rabbit hole!
Summary
Chapter 12: Superhero Landing - Setting Up Flexible Navigation Options
Technical requirements
Using system variables
Adding data configuration files
Where data is stored for test use
Organizing test data
Setting up TypeScript configuration
Reading data from files
Using test data in tests
Beyond masking - making confidential data invisible
Spec and Allure - cub reporter versus star journalist
Configuring Allure reporting
Adding custom comments to the Allure report
Webhooks and screen captures
Summary
Chapter 13: The Multiverses - Cross-Browser Testing and Cross-Environment Testing
Horizontal scaling - cross-browser testing
Using built-in functionality via the wdio config file
Extending the wdio config file so that it supports multiple browsers
Handling browser-specific issues
Test responsiveness
Using LambdaTest online to automate the browser testing grid
Live interactive testing
Automated screenshot testing
Using Selenium Standalone server to locally build the testing grid
Cross-environment testing with a shared configuration file
Avoiding the rabbit hole of horizontal scaling
Handling environment-specific logic
The multiverse - one test, two environments
Summary
Chapter 14: The Time-Traveler's Dilemma - State-Driven End to End User Journeys
Technical requirements
Divide and conquer!
Simplifying the complexities of a dynamic journey
The happy path
The big driver loop
It's all in the details
Changing decision points
Wash, rinse, repeat
Why not generate these Artifacts with API calls?
Summary
Chapter 15: The Sentient Cape - Running Tests in a CI/CD Pipeline with Jenkins and LambdaTest
Technical requirements
What are Jenkins and Slack?
Installing OpenJDK for Jenkins
Installing Jenkins as a standalone application
Installing Jenkins
Creating a WebdriverIO project with Jenkins
Installing the Jenkins plugin for LambdaTest
Configuring LambdaTest using Jenkins
Creating a freestyle project and job
Parameterizing
Reporting in Slack from Jenkins
Adding the Slack notifications plugin to Jenkins
Adding the Jenkins CI app to Slack
Adding the post-build Slack action
On-demand and scheduled suite runs
Types of debugging runs with Jenkins
Additional suite categories
Linking Allure reports to a Jenkins run
CI/CD pipeline
What is continuous testing?
What does a CI/CD pipeline look like?
Code repository
CI
Artifact generation
Deployment
CD
Continuous feedback
Jenkins for CI/CD
Summary
Appendix: The Ultimate Guide to TypeScript Error Messages, Causes, and Solutions
Problem: Install default WDIO settings by passing "--yes" parameter still asks configuration questions
Problem: Missing script "wdio"
Problem: "node : The term 'node' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again."
Problem: 'wdio' is not recognized as an internal or external command"
Problems:
Problem: The \node_modules folder is not created when installed in a new WDIO project folder.
Problem: New project install fails with empty directory.
Problem: Tests suddenly fail to run including the \specs\test.e2e.ts. sample test.
Problem: "WARN webdriver: Request encountered a stale element - terminating request"
Problem: "TypeError: elem[prop] is not a function"
Problem: Statements execute out of order
Problem: "ERROR @wdio/runner: Error: describe expects a function argument
received [object AsyncFunction]"
Problem: "Unsupported engine"
Problem: JavaScript Debug Terminal skips breakpoints
Problem: Browser launches and locks up
Problem: "SevereServiceError: Couldn't start Chromedriver: timeout. Please check if port [&PortNumber&] is in use"
This is how to do it using macOS: lsof -i :&PortNumber& : kill -9 &PID&
Problem: MODULE_NOT_FOUND
Problem: Error: Could not execute "run" due to missing configuration, file "C:\repos\wdio\test\wdio.conf.ts" not found! Would you like to create one?
Problem: "report does not exist" when running an Allure report
Problem: "[P]lugin "allure" reporter, neither as wdio scoped package "@wdio/allure-reporter" nor as community package "wdio-allure-reporter". Please make sure you have it installed!"
Problem: TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'open')
Problem: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'setWindowSize')
Problem: A service failed in the 'onPrepare' hookSevereServiceError: Couldn't start Chromedriver: timeout. Please check if port 9515 is in use!
Problem: "Cannot find name 'describe'" and underlined in red
Problem: "Cannot find name 'it'"
Problem: "Cannot find name 'expect'. Do you need to install type definitions for a test runner?" but the test still runs.
Problem: "An import path can only end with a '.ts' extension when 'allowImportingTsExtensions' is enabled.ts(5097)"
Problem: browser.debug() generates "Failed to read descriptor from node connection: A device attached to the system is not functioning."
Problem: Element implicitly has an 'any' type because type 'typeof globalThis' has no index signature
Problem: Cannot find type definition file for 'jasmine'
Problem: "Execution of 0 workers" No tests get executed.
Problems: Cannot find name 'browser' and Cannot find name '$'
Problem: Property 'toBeExisting' does not exist on type
Problem: ERR! [Error: EACCES: permission denied (Mac OSX)
Problem: ERROR @wdio/selenium-standalone-service: Error: not found: java
Problem: "ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:9515" a service failed in the 'onPrepare' hook tcp-port-used
Problem: Error: Cannot find module 'C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\bin\npm-cli.js'
Problem: "Note: Package.json must be actual JSON, not just JavaScript"
Problem: Protocol error (Runtime.callFunctionOn) target closed
Problem: "unexpected token" in tsconfig.json
Problem: "TypeError: elem[prop] is not a function"
Problem: "ServerServiceError in "onPrepare" Cannot find package 'chromedriver'
Problem: Property '{functionName}' does not exist on type '({functionType&{argName&}) =& void'
Problem "Property 'addCommand' does not exist on type 'Browser'." (macOS)
Problem: ConfigParser: pattern ./test/specs/**/*.ts did not match any file.
Problem: Error: Timeout - Async function did not complete within 10000ms (set by jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL)
Problem: Error: Error: Couldn't find page handle
Problem: This expression is not callable. Type 'void' has no call signatures.ts Are you missing a semicolon?
Problem: "File is not a module"
Problem: "Couldn't find page handle"
Problem: "Error: {pageName} is not defined"
Problem: Argument of type 'ChainablePromiseElement∈&' is not assignable to parameter of type 'Element'.
Problem: Unable to delete or modify files or folders in the WebdriverIO project
Problem: EJSONPARSE Unexpected token in JSON while parsing Failed to parse JSON data
Problem: A long string of gibberish garbage characters is added to the wdio.config.ts file when running in JavaScript Debug Terminal in Windows
Yarn and Node Package Manager (npm), Node Version Manager (nvm), and Node Package Executor (npx) Shell command cheat sheet
Reference links
Epilogue
Index
About Packt
Other Books You May Enjoy

System requirements

Save as PDF Copy link into clipboard

Schweitzer Fachinformationen

Enhanced Test Automation with WebdriverIO

Description

All prices

More details

Other editions

Additional editions

Content

System requirements