Theology for the Community of God

Name: Theology for the Community of God
Brand: Eerdmans
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Stanley J. Grenz(Author)

Eerdmans (Publisher)

Published on 31. January 2000

616 pages

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978-1-4674-3074-6 (ISBN)

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Content

Intro
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Preface
Introduction: The Nature and Task of Theology
The Theological Task
The Historical Development of Theology
Developments in the Meaning of the Term
The Need for Theology in the Church
The Task of Theology and the Church
The Relationship of Theology to Other Concepts
Theology and Faith
Theology and Religious Studies
Theology and the Sciences
Theology and Truth
The Ongoing Nature of the Theological Task
Dangers in the Theological Enterprise
Substitution
Dogmatism
Intellectualism
Theological Method
The Sources for Theology
The Reformation Debate
Contextualization and Experience
The Threefold Norm of Theology
The Integrative Motif of Theology
Representative Alternatives
The Kingdom of God
The Community of God
The Eschatological Community
The Structure of the Theological System
Theology and Ethics
Part 1 Theology: The Doctrine of God
1. The God Who Is
The Reality of God in an Era of Atheism
In the Era of the Bible: Which God?
The Rivalry of the Gods
The Universality of God
In the Christian Era: Does God Exist?
The Ontological Argument
The Cosmological and Teleological Arguments
The Moral Argument
The Rise of Intellectual Atheism
The Critique of the First Cause
The Critique of the Concept of God
The Elimination of the Idea of God
Theology and the Modern Situation
The Assertion of the Uniqueness of Christianity
The Reformulation of the Proofs
The Appeal to Anthropology
Christian Faith in the Contemporary Context
Knowledge of God in an Era of Agnosticism
The Claim to Know God and Intellectual Agnosticism
Epistemological Agnosticism
Logical Positivism
Agnosticism and the Incomprehensible God
The Means to Knowledge of God
Knowledge of God through Reason
Knowledge of God through Religious Experience
Knowledge of God through God's Self-Revelation
Knowing God
Knowing God as Subject
Knowing God in History
Knowing God and the Concept of Community
2. The Triune God
Trinitarian Doctrine in Theological History
The Situation of the First Christians
The One God
Jesus' Lordship
The Spirit's Presence
Historical Development of Trinitarian Doctrine
The Deity of Jesus
The Deity of the Spirit
Formulating Trinitarian Doctrine
Trinitarian Doctrine in Post-Cappadocian Theology
Eastern and Western Conceptions
The Filioque Controversy
Decline of the Doctrine
Recovery of the Doctrine
The Formulation of Trinitarian Doctrine
The Content of Trinitarian Doctrine
God Is One
God Is Three
God Is a Diversity
God Is a Unity
The Filioque and the Relational Trinity
Analogies to the Trinity
The Theological Implication of Trinitarian Doctrine
Love as the Essence of God
Love and the Inner Dynamic of God
Love as the Fundamental Divine Attribute
Love and the Divine Holiness, Jealousy, and Wrath
Love and the Other Moral Attributes
Trinitarian Doctrine and Christian Life
Trinitarian Prayer
Trinitarian Ethics
3. The Relational God
The Nature of the Relational God
God as (a) Being
God as Transcendent and Immanent
God as Spirit
Hegel's Conception of "Spirit"
The Biblical Conception of "Spirit"
Theological Implications
God as Person
The Philosophical Concept of "Person"
Personhood and God's Relationship to the World
Personhood and God
The Name of God
The Divine Attributes
The Attributes and the Divine Substance
The Medieval Debate
The Doxological Position
The Division of the Attributes
The Eternal God
Eternality and Our Experience of Time
Attributes Related to God's Eternality
The Good God
Holiness
Compassion
God as the Moral Standard
The Practical Importance of the Attributes
4. The Creator God
God as the Creator of the World
The Creation of the World as the Act of God
The Free Act of Creation
The Loving Act of Creation
The Creation of the World as a Trinitarian Act
The Role of the Father
The Role of the Son
The Role of the Spirit
The Act of Creation and the Sovereign Creator
Present and Final Sovereignty
De Jure and De Facto Sovereignty
God's Future
The Time of Creation
Creation as Past
Creation as Future
Creation and Essence
God as the Providential Administrator of the World
"Community" as God's Purpose for Creation
The Doctrine of Providence in Recent Theology
The Classical Position
Providence in Liberal Theology
The Destruction of Providence
God's Administration of His World
Preservation
Concurrence
Government
Part 2 Anthropology: The Doctrine of Humanity
5. The Human Identity and Our Origin in God
Our Place in Creation
Humankind and the Cosmos in Changing Cultural Contexts
The "Premodern" Answer
The Modern Answer
Christian Faith and the Insights of Anthropology
The Concept of "Openness to the World"
The Theological Significance of the Concept
"Openness to the World" and General Revelation
The Question of General Revelation in Theology
The Meaning of General Revelation
The Place of General Revelation in Theological History
The Theological Importance of General Revelation
Revelation in the Human Person
Revelation in Nature
The Limit of General Revelation
God as Our Origin
The Existential Significance
God as the Ground of Personal Existence
God as Universal Father
The Essential Significance
Our Temporal Origin
The Question of the "First Human"
The Traditional Position
The Mythical View
The Underlying Hermeneutical Question
The "First Human" and Evolution
Considerations in the Evolution Debate
Adam as a Historical Person
Anthropology and Our Temporal Origin
The Temporal Beginning of Humankind
The Temporal Beginning of Each Person
The Unity of Humankind
6. Our Nature as Persons Destined for Community
Our Ontological Nature
Autonomy versus Determinism
The Focus on Autonomy
The Focus on Essence
The Christian Perspective
Human Substances
The Idea of Substantial Entities
The Trichotomist and Dichotomist Viewpoints
Substantial Entities and Modern Theology
The Contemporary Wholistic Alternative
Death and the Whole Person
The Origin of the Soul
Traditional Alternatives
The Classical Debate and the Contemporary Context
The Soul and Our Ontological Nature
Humans as the Image of God
The Image of God in Theological History
The Structural View
The Relational View
The Dynamic View
The Image of God in the Bible
The Divine Image in the Genesis Creation Narratives
The Divine Image Elsewhere in Genesis
The Image of God in the New Testament
The Theological Significance of the Image of God
The Divine Image as a Special Standing
The Divine Image as a Special Fellowship
The Divine Image as an Eschatological Reality
The Divine Image as a Special Community
7. Sin: The Destruction of Community
The Nature of Sin
Biblical Terms for Sin
Old Testament Words for Sin
New Testament Words for Sin
Sin and the Human Person
Sin Infects the Core of Our Being
Sin Perverts Goodness
Sin Is Universal
The Essence of Sin
Sin as Failure
Sin as Disruption of Community
Sin as Revealed in the Gospel
Original Sin
The Fall of Humankind-the Fall of Adam
The Garden
The First Sin
Consequences of the First Sin
The First Sin and the Sin of Humankind
Historical Suggestions
The Reality of the Fall
Original Sin and Guilt
The Question of Guilt in Theological History
The Biblical Basis for the Reformed View
The Reality of Original Sin
The Results of Sin: Our Human Situation
Alienation
Condemnation
Enslavement
Depravity
8. Our Spiritual Co-Creatures
The Nature of the Spiritual Realities
Angelology in Christian Theology
The Middle Ages: Speculative Angelology
The Reformation: Biblical Angelology
The Enlightenment: Rejection of Angelology
Contemporary Theology: A Renewed Interest
A Biblical Theology of Angels
Definition
Angels in the Old Testament
Angels in the New Testament
A Biblical Theology of Demons
Definitions
Demons in the Old Testament
Demons in the New Testament
A Biblical Theology of Satan
Names Related to Satan
Satan in the Old Testament
Satan in the New Testament
Angelology and Structures of Existence
The Structures of Existence
The Function of the Structures
The Existence of Structures
Structures of Existence and the Bible
Structures and Spiritual Beings
Structures and the "Powers"
Structures and Governance
A Theology of the Structures
God's Intent for the Structures
The Evil Manipulation of Structures
Structures and Christ
The Demonic and Superstition
Superstition and the Old Testament
The Old Testament Opposition to Superstition
The Presence of Superstition in Israel
Superstition and Idolatry
The Status of the Powers Lying behind Superstition
The Reality of the Powers
The Powers as Unreal
A Christian Stance toward Superstition
Part 3 Christology: The Doctrine of Christ
9. The Fellowship of Jesus the Christ with God
Foundations: Jesus, the Divine One
Development of the Affirmation of Jesus' Deity
Christological Controversy in the Second Century
The Arian Controversy
The Basis of Christology
The Foundation of Our Christological Affirmation
Jesus' Sinlessness
Jesus' Teaching
Jesus' Death
Jesus' Claim
Jesus' Resurrection
Jesus' Claim and His Resurrection
The Historical Foundation and Faith
Implications: Jesus as One with God
Jesus' Unity with God
Function versus Ontology
Jesus as the Revealer of God
Jesus' Fellowship with the Father
Jesus' Compassion
Jesus' Special Fellowship with God
Jesus' Lordship
The Cosmic Lord
Our Personal Lord
The Lord of History
10. The Fellowship of Jesus the Christ with Humankind
Jesus as a Human
Development of the Affirmation of Jesus' Humanity
Apollinarianism
The Council of Constantinople
Jesus as Sharing in True Humanness
Jesus and the Conditions of Human Existence
Jesus and Human Growth
Implications of Jesus' Humanness
Jesus as the True Human
The Foundation for Affirming Jesus as the True Human
The Foundation in Jesus' Earthly Life
The Foundational Importance of the Resurrection
Jesus' Claim to Uniqueness
The Content of Our Affirming Jesus as the True Human
Jesus and the Resurrection
Jesus and Community
Jesus and the Upward Fall
Jesus as the New Human
Jesus as the Universal Human
Jesus and the Marginalized
Jesus and Women
Jesus and the Individual
11. The Fellowship of Deity and Humanity in Jesus
Jesus as Divine and Human
The Historical Debate concerning Jesus' Person
The Nestorian Controversy
The Eutychian Controversy
Christology after Chalcedon
The Reformation Debate
The Foundation for Affirming the Unity
Jesus as the Word
Jesus as the Son
The Relationship between Deity and Humanity in Jesus
Jesus and Revelation
Jesus and Community
The Incarnation
The Incarnation in Theological History
The Kenosis Theory
Modifications to the Kenosis Theory
The Incarnation as the Paradox of Grace
The Critique of Incarnational Christology
Criticisms of the Traditional Understanding
Significance of the Incarnation
Jesus' Preexistence
The Problem of Preexistence
The Meaning of Preexistence
Jesus and Preexistence
The Virgin Birth
The Historical Context of the Modern Debate
Affirmations of the Virgin Birth
Reinterpretations of the Virgin Birth
Current Debate about the Virgin Birth
Protestants and the Virgin Birth
Roman Catholics and the Virgin Birth
Points of Debate concerning the Virgin Birth
Theological Arguments
Historical Arguments
Textual Arguments
The Virgin Birth and Christology
12. The Mission of Jesus
The Vocation of the Earthly Jesus
Fulfilling the Old Testament Hope
Jesus as the Prophet
Jesus as the Messiah
Heralding the Divine Reign
The Centrality of the Kingdom
Jesus as the Son of Man
The One Sent to Die
Jesus' Consciousness of His Death
Jesus as the Suffering Servant
Jesus' Self-Consciousness
The Atonement and the Mission of Jesus
The Atonement in Theological History
Dynamic Imagery
Objective Imagery
Subjective Imagery
Modifications to Anselm's Theory
The Significance of Jesus' Death in the New Testament
Jesus' Death as Our Example
Jesus' Death as Our Ransom
Jesus' Death as Our Expiation
Jesus Is Our Reconciliation
Jesus' Death and Us
The Atonement and the Human Predicament
Our Reception of Christ's Atonement
The Atonement and Community
Christ's Substitution
The Ongoing Work of Christ
The Exaltation
Jesus' Present and Future Ministry
Jesus' Present Ministry
Jesus' Ongoing Ministry
Implication of Jesus' Ongoing Ministry for Prayer
Part 4 Pneumatology: The Doctrine of the Holy Spirit
13. The Identity of the Holy Spirit
The Spirit in Salvation History
The Holy Spirit and the Old Testament Era
The Spirit of God in the Old Testament
Functions of the Spirit of God in the Old Testament
Eschatological Direction of Old Testament Pneumatology
The Holy Spirit and the Christ
Jesus-the Bearer of the Spirit
Jesus' Promise concerning the Coming Spirit
Pentecost-the Fulfillment of Jesus' Promise
The Spirit and the Community of Christ
The Significance of Pentecost
The Holy Spirit and the Risen Lord
The Spirit in the Trinitarian Life
The Foundation of Pneumatology in the Immanent Trinity
The Basic Identity of the Spirit
The Deity and Personhood of the Spirit
The Holy Spirit and the Economic Trinity
A Basic Understanding
Aspects of the Spirit's Identity as the Power of God
His Identity as the Eschatological Creator Spirit
14. The Spirit and the Scriptures
The Spirit as the Foundation of Scripture
Inspiration and Illumination
The Concept of Inspiration
The Concept of Illumination
The One Act of the Spirit
Functional and Canonical Approaches
The Development of Scripture in the Community
The Risk of Subjectivism
The Task of the Spirit Speaking through Scripture
Scripture as the Source of Spiritual Sustenance
The Constitutional Role of Scripture
The Bible and Revelation
The Concept of Revelation
Barth's Proposal
Revelation in the Bible
Revelation and Scripture
The Bible as Revelation
The Bible as Derivative Revelation
The Bible as Functional Revelation
The Bible as Mediate Revelation
Biblical Authority
The Trustworthiness of Scripture
Verbal, Plenary Inspiration
An Infallible, Inerrant Bible
Biblical Authority and the Authority of the Spirit
The Extent of Biblical Authority
Our Sole Authority
Our Authority in All of Life
15. The Dynamic of Conversion
The Individual Aspect of Conversion
Repentance
Faith
Our Response: Repentance and Faith
The Divine Aspect of Conversion
The Spirit's Activity in the Conversion Process
Conviction
Call
Illumination
Enablement
Conversion and the Baptism of the Spirit
Modern Pentecostalism
Pentecostal View of Spirit Baptism and Tongues
An Evaluation of the Pentecostal Position
Spirit Baptism, Conversion, and Spirit Filling
The Community Aspect of Conversion
The Role of the Community in Conversion
Proclamation of the Gospel
Incorporation into a New Community
Conversion and Church Initiation Rites
Historical and Contemporary Positions
The New Testament Teaching
Conversion as Faith Expressed through Baptism
16. Individual Salvation: The Wider Perspective
The Process of Salvation
Conversion
Conversion and the Human Predicament
Conversion and the Establishment of Community
Sanctification
The Concept of Sanctification in the Bible
The Theological Concept of Sanctification
The Sanctification Process
Perfectionism
Glorification
The Eternal Context of Salvation
Divine Election
The Controversy over the Five Points of Calvinism
The Decrees of God
Election to Community
The Ordo Salutis
Historical Perspective
Representative Positions
The Order of Salvation and the Future Community
Part 5 Ecclesiology: The Doctrine of the Church
17. The Church-The Eschatological Covenant Community
The Church as a Covenant People
Ekklesia
The Nation, the Body, and the Temple
The Nation of God
The Body of Christ
The Temple of the Spirit
The Church as Mystical, Universal, and Local
The Marks of the Church
The Classical Alternatives
Biblical Consideration
Balanced Congregationalism
The Church as the Sign of the Kingdom
The Biblical Conception of the Kingdom
Old Testament Teaching about the Kingdom
The Kingdom and Jesus
The Biblical Drama of the Kingdom
The Kingdom and the Church
Church and Kingdom in Christian Thought
The Church in the Kingdom
Ecclesiological Implications
The Church as Community
The Basis in the Covenant and the Kingdom
The Community of the Covenant
Community and the Divine Purpose
Community and the Divine Nature
The Church as the Image of God
The Church and the Spirit
18. The Ministry of the Community
The Purpose of the Church
The Church in God's Purposes
The Church and the Purpose of Creation
The Church and the Glory of God
God's Purpose in Glorification
The Mandate of the Church
Worship
The Focus of Worship
The Means of Worship
Edification
Aspects of Edification
The Church as a Praying People
The Church as Community to Its Believers
Outreach
Outreach as Evangelism
Outreach as Service
19. Community Acts of Commitment
Acts of Commitment and the Church
The Function of Acts of Commitment
Sacrament or Ordinance
The Meaning of "Ordinances"
Commitment Acts and Community
The Number of Commitment Acts
The Historical Question
Two Acts of Commitment
Baptism: The Seal of Our Identity
Background and History
The Meaning of Baptism
The Symbolic Significance of Baptism
The Eschatological Orientation of Baptism
Baptism and the Community
The Impact of Baptism
The Working of Baptism
Baptism as a Divine Act
Baptism as a Human Act
Baptism as a Divine-Human Act
The Subjects of Baptism
Baptism and Faith
Infant versus Believer's Baptism
The Mode of Baptism
The Lord's Supper: Reaffirming Our Identity
The Presence of the Lord in the Celebration
The Development of Transubstantiation
The Protestant Reaction
The Meaning of the Lord's Supper
The Question of Terminology
The Orientation to the Past
The Orientation to the Future
The Orientation to Community
Our Presence at the Lord's Supper
The Importance of Our Presence
The Presence of Others at the Table
20. The Organization for Community Life
Membership in the Community
Community Membership in the First Century
Baptism and Community Membership
The Legacy of the Reformation
The Pure Church Ideal
Initiation into the Community
Baptism after the First Century
Sectarianism versus Denominationalism
Beyond Denominationalism
Community Structures
The Government of the Community
Models of Government
New Testament Considerations
Balancing Autonomy with the Associational Impulse
Government within the Communities
The Congregationalist Dilemma
The Foundation of Democratic Congregationalism
The Democratic Congregational Ideal in Practice
Leadership for the Community
Offices in the Communities
Church Offices in the New Testament
Church Offices in the Ecclesiastical Tradition
New Testament Offices and Today's Church
Offices of the Community
The New Testament Background
The Pastoral Office
Ordination by the Community
The Basis for the Practice of Pastoral Ordination
The Biblical Foundation for Ordination
The Theological Foundation for Ordination
The Significance of Ordination
The Meaning of the Act
The Ordaining Body
The Ordaining Event
Part 6 Eschatology: The Doctrine of Last Things
21. The Consummation of Personal Existence
The Significance of Death
The Problem of Death
The Problem of Definition
Death and the Meaning of Life
The Biblical Trajectory
The Old Testament: Death as Ambiguous
The New Testament: Hope in the Face of Death
The Theological Significance of Death
Death and the Biological Realm
Death as Loss of Community
Death's Loss of Ultimacy
Overcoming Death in the Resurrection
The Nature of Culminated Personal Life
Contemporary Visions of the Culmination of Life
The Christian Hope
The Possibility of the Resurrection
Hope in the Face of Death
Competing Visions of Life after Death
Death as the Entrance into Eternity
Soul Sleep
Conscious Existence of the Soul
Biblical Insight into the Intermediate State
The Old Testament Concept of Sheol
The New Testament Basis for an Intermediate State
The Biblical Conception of Life beyond Death
The Situation of the Righteous beyond Death
The Foundation: Hope for Resurrection
The Realm beyond Death
22. The Consummation of History
The Meaning of History
Christian Hope in a Changed Context
From Optimism to Pessimism
The Challenge of a Pessimistic World
Corporate Eschatology and the Biblical Message
The Prophetic Vision
The Apocalyptic Vision
The Significance of History
The Basic Characteristics of History
History as God at Work Establishing Community
The Presence of Community in and beyond History
History's Goal as "Already"
History's Goal as "Not Yet"
The End as Grace
The End as Judgment
The Climax of History
Apocalyptic and Millenarianism
The Millennium in Christian Theology
Postmillennialism
Amillennialism
Premillennialism
The Deeper Issue of Millennialism
Postmillennial Optimism
Premillennial Pessimism
Amillennial Realism
Our Ultimate Hope
The Era of the Imminent End of History
The Biblical Understanding of Our Age
The Eschatological Timetable
23. The Consummation of God's Cosmic Program
The Transition from Creation to New Creation
The Judgment of the Cosmos
The Certainty of Cosmic Judgment
The Purpose of Cosmic Judgment
The Judgment of Humankind
The Certainty of Our Judgment
The Time of Our Judgment
The Basis for Judgment
Our Presence at the Judgment
The Nature of the Judgment
Eternal Rewards
The Dark Side of the Judgment
Universalism
The Place of Universalism in the Church
The Foundation of Universalism
Difficulties with Universalism
Conditional Immortality
Its Presence in the Church
The Foundation of Annihilationism
Difficulties with Annihilationism
The Reality of Hell
The Foundation of the Doctrine
Hell: The Eternal Tragedy
The New Creation
The New Creation as the Renewal of the Cosmos
Renewal as the Completion of Creation
The Relationship of the New to the Old
The Implication of Cosmic Renewal
The New Creation as Fullness of Community
A Place Where God Is Present
A Place of Fellowship
A Place of Glorification
24. The Significance of Eschatology
Eschatology as Insight into the Present
Eschatology as God's Call in the Present
The Foundation for God's Eschatological Call
The Biblical Precedence
The Implications for Theology
Aspects of God's Eschatological Call
A Call to Evangelism
A Call to Holiness
A Call to Steadfastness
Eschatology as Insight for Living
Eschatological Living as Hopeful Involvement
Eschatological Living as Realistic Engagement
Our Actions as Effective
Our Actions as Penultimate
Eschatological Living in the Light of the Eternal

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Theology for the Community of God

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