
The Exchange Rate in a Behavioral Finance Framework
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The authors' modeling approach is based on the idea that agents use simple forecasting rules and switch to those rules that have been shown to be the most profitable in the past. This selection mechanism is based on trial and error and is probably the best possible strategy in an uncertain world, the authors contend. It creates a rich dynamic in the foreign exchange markets and can generate bubbles and crashes.
Sensitivity to initial conditions is a pervasive force in De Grauwe and Grimaldi's model. It explains why large exchange-rate changes and volatility clustering occur. It also has important implications for understanding how the news affects the exchange rate. De Grauwe and Grimaldi conclude that news in fundamentals has an unpredictable effect on the exchange rate. Sometimes, they maintain, it alters the exchange rate considerably; at other times it has no effectwhatsoever.
The authors also use their model to analyze the effects of official interventions in the foreign exchange market. They show that simple intervention rules of the "leaning-against-the-wind" variety can be effective in eliminating bubbles and crashes in the exchange rate. They further demonstrate how, quite paradoxically, by intervening in the foreign exchange market the central bank makes the market look more efficient.
Clear and comprehensive, The Exchange Rate in a Behavioral Finance Framework is a must-have for analysts in foreign exchange markets as well as students of international finance and economics.
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Content
- Cover
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 The Need for a New Paradigm
- 1.1 The Rational Representative Agent Paradigm
- 1.2 Cracks in the REEM Construction
- 1.3 Behavioral Finance: A Quick Survey
- 1.4 The Broad Outlines of an Alternative Approach
- 1.5 Appendix: The Asian Disease Problem
- 2 A Simple Behavioral Finance Model of the ExchangeRate
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 The Model
- 2.3 Stochastic Simulation of the Model
- 2.4 The Steady State of the Model
- 2.5 Numerical Analysis of the Deterministic Model
- 2.6 Sensitivity Analysis of the Deterministic Model
- 2.7 Basins of Attraction
- 2.8 The Stochastic Model: Sensitivity to Initial Conditions
- 2.9 Why "Crashes" Occur
- 2.10 The Role of Memory
- 2.11 Is Chartism Evolutionarily Stable?
- 2.12 Conclusion
- 2.13 Appendix: Numerical Values of the Parameters Used in the Base Simulation
- 2.14 Appendix: Simulations of the Base Model with Different Stochastic Realizations
- 3 A Slightly More Complex Behavioral Finance Model
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 The Model
- 3.3 Stochastic Simulation of the Model
- 3.4 Solution of the Deterministic Model
- 3.5 Informational Issues
- 3.6 Some Preliminary Remarks on Empirical Predictions of the Model
- 3.7 Rational and Behavioral Bubbles
- 3.8 Conclusion
- 3.9 Appendix: The Variance Ratio s[sup(2)][sub](f,t)]/s[sup(2)][sub](f,t)]in the Steady State
- 3.10 Appendix: Numerical Values of the Parameters Used in the Base Simulation
- 4 Limits to Arbitrage
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Risk Aversion and Limits to Arbitrage
- 4.3 Transaction Costs and Limits to Arbitrage
- 4.4 Conclusion
- 5 Changes in the Perception of Risk
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Risk Perception and Misalignment
- 5.3 Risk Perception and Losses: Prospect Theory
- 5.4 Changing Risk Perception and Transaction Costs
- 5.5 Conclusion
- 6 Modeling the Supply of Foreign Assets and the Current Account
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Stochastic Simulations of the Model
- 6.3 Deterministic Analysis of the Model
- 6.4 Sensitivity to Initial Conditions and Informational Issues
- 6.5 Profitability of Chartist and Fundamentalist Rules
- 6.6 Conclusion
- 6.7 Appendix: The Steady State of the Model
- 6.8 Appendix: Transitional Dynamics
- 7 Risk Appetite in an Evolutionary Perspective
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 The Extended Model
- 7.3 The Nature of Risk Appetite
- 7.4 Sensitivity to Initial Conditions
- 7.5 Sensitivity Analysis
- 7.6 The Effect of News
- 7.7 Conclusion
- 8 The Empirical Evidence
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 The Distribution of Returns: A Tale of Fat Tails and Excess Kurtosis
- 8.3 Dependence Properties of Returns
- 8.4 The Disconnect Puzzle
- 8.5 Transaction Costs: Do They Matter?
- 8.6 Asymmetry of Bubbles and Crashes
- 8.7 Is Chartism Evolutionarily Stable?
- 8.8 Conclusion
- 8.9 Appendix: Hill Index and Kurtosis in Prospect Model
- 8.10 Appendix: Some More Results on Volatility Clustering
- 8.11 Appendix: Additional Results for the EC Model
- 9 Official Interventions in the Foreign Exchange Markets
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Modeling Official Interventions in the Foreign Exchange Market
- 9.3 Rule-Based Interventions in the Foreign Exchange Market
- 9.4 Target Intervention
- 9.5 Is Intervention Sustainable?
- 9.6 Conclusion
- 10 Chaos in the Foreign Exchange Markets
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 What Is Chaos?
- 10.3 Conditions for Chaos to Occur
- 10.4 Foreign Exchange Market Intervention and Chaos
- 10.5 Target Intervention
- 10.6 Empirical Relevance of Chaotic Dynamics
- 10.7 Conclusion
- 10.8 Appendix: Sensitivity to Parameter Values
- 10.9 Appendix: Intermittency Phenomenon
- 10.10 Appendix: Target Intervention with Small Target Band
- 11 Conclusion
- References
- Index
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