
Sustainable and Resilient Critical Infrastructure Systems
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Ebrahim Bagheri * and Ali A. Ghorbani
Abstract. Critical infrastructure systems are tightly-coupled socio-technical systems with complicated behavior. They have emerged as an important focal point of research due to both their vital role in the normal conduct of societal activities as well as their inherent appealing complications for researchers. In this chapter, we will report on our experience in developing techniques, tools and algorithms for revealing and interpreting the hidden intricacies of such systems.
The chapter will include the description of several of our technologies that allow for the guided understanding of the current status quo of infrastructure systems through the Astrolabe methodology, the formal profiling of infrastructure systems using the UML-CI meta-modeling mechanism, and also observing the emergent behavior of these complex systems through the application of the agent-based AIMS simulation suite.
1 Introduction
Critical infrastructures are among the most significant technical systems that influence the ordinary life of any person or the normal operation of any industrial sector. Their importance is mainly due to the type of facilities/utilities that they provide. These facilities (either in the form of asset supply or service provisioning) serve as the building block for any other simple or complex functionality of the society. The outputs of the infrastructures although complex in nature, can be thought of as the essential atomic inputs to other more complex systems.
Apparently, without the proper operation of infrastructure systems, the function of other dependant systems would be disrupted. The very interesting fact is that throughout the years, infrastructure systems themselves have become dependent on each others’ outputs, turning the vertically integrated systems with only a few points of communication, into horizontally integrated systems with various points of interaction in many of their dimensions [1].
Analogous to the dependency of other systems on infrastructures, it can be observed that infrastructure systems themselves are inter-reliant or in other words tightly coupled. As has been extensively studied in the field of fault tolerant computing, a complex system built from interacting components is exposed to a high risk of failure derived from the possibility of mal-function in any of its components. The degree of effectiveness of the failing component in the overall architecture (e.g. in a digital circuit it can be thought of as the number of input/output connections of a specific component), suggests an estimate of the degree of damage or harm that its failure will cause."
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