Intellectual Property, Trade and Development
1st Edition
Published on 4. September 2014
417 pages
978-0-19-150760-1 (ISBN)
Description
This work responds to the increasing need in many countries to better understand linkages between intellectual property, trade rules, and economic and social development, and to find new ways of implementing intellectual property rules and optimizing their effects. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest legal, economic, political and social research and advanced current thinking on the relationship between intellectual property and trade and development. With new chapters addressing access to educational resources and innovation in the developing world, the use of traditional knowledge as a source of innovation, and TRIPS, TRIPS Pus and Developments across the whole of South Asia, this fully updated second edition presents new insights and discussions from economists and social scientists and benefits from access to the latest metrics and analytical tools available.
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Daniel Gervais
Intellectual Property, Trade and Development
Strategies to Optimize Economic Development in a TRIPS-Plus Era
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09/2014
2nd Edition
Oxford University Press
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Content
- Cover
- Intellectual Property, Trade and Development
- Copyright
- Contents-Summary
- Contents
- Table of Cases
- Table of Legislation
- List of Abbreviations
- List of Contributors
- Introduction
- I Intellectual Property and Development: The Global Linkages
- 1 Economic Growth and Intellectual Property Rights Protection: A Reassessment of the Conventional Wisdom
- Introduction
- I. The Measurement of IPR Protection
- A. Empirical research
- B. Research assessment
- II. The Concept of IPR Protection
- A. Law measurement
- B. Enforcement measurement
- III. The Debate: IPR and Economic Growth
- IV. The Economic Model
- A. The partial adjustment model
- B. Base model results
- C. Developed and developing countries
- D. Discussion
- V. The Determinants of IPR Protection
- A. Empirical research
- B. The pressure for IPR
- C. The empirical model
- D. Data and measurement
- E. Model results
- Conclusion
- 2. Intellectual Property Treaties and Development
- Introduction
- I. Investment and Intellectual Property
- A. Intellectual property and national innovation
- B. Intellectual property, FDI and cross-border licensing
- II. Multilateralism, Bilateralism, and Economic Development
- A. The unfinished business of the TRIPS Agreement: IP in bilateral and regional FTAs
- B. The limits of bilateralism and the rise of plurilateralism?
- Conclusion: New Venues, Old Venues-Multilateralism and a Return to WIPO?
- 3. The Dynamics of International IP Policymaking
- Introduction
- I. Forum Proliferation and Forum Shifting
- II. A Recursive Dynamic
- III. The Problem of Enforcement
- IV. The Democratic Deficit
- V. Leaks and Legitimacy
- VI. Leaving Out the Main Targets
- 4. IP Calibration
- Introduction
- I. TRIPS: Beyond Reductionist Narratives
- A. The four TRIPS narratives
- B. The displacement of innovation
- C. Calibration in international negotiations
- II. The Parameters of Calibration
- A. Defining the objective
- B. TRIPS and traditional innovation
- C. Distinctions among developing countries
- D. Distinctions among industries
- III. Calibrating Towards Innovation
- A. R&D spillovers
- B. Clusters and growth poles
- Conclusion
- 5. Knowledge Management and Access to Essential Technologies
- Introduction
- I. Why 'Knowledge Management'?
- A. Knowledge, its management, and law
- B. Traditional knowledge and genetic resources
- C. Information and law
- D. Summary
- II. What Are Essential Technologies?
- A. Practical problem, legal solutions?
- B. Human rights and identifying essential technologies
- C. Competition and identifying essential technologies
- D. What does this achieve?
- III. Access and its Delivery
- A. What is access?
- B. Access and human rights
- C. Access and biodiversity
- D. Access and competition
- Conclusion
- II. Intellectual Property and Development: The Regional Linkages
- 6. TRIPS and TRIPS-Plus Protection and Impacts in Latin America
- Introduction
- I. Assessing the Impact of IPRs
- II. Changes in Intellectual Property Legislation
- A. Patent law
- B. Copyright and neighbouring rights
- C. Trademarks
- D. Geographical indications
- E. Industrial designs and utility models
- F. Integrated circuits
- G. Undisclosed information
- H. Breeders' rights
- III. Protection of Traditional Knowledge
- Conclusion
- 7. A False Dawn? TRIPS and TRIPS-Plus Impacts in Africa
- Introduction
- I. The Colonial Origins and Historical Development of IPRs in Africa
- II. The Significance and Normative Impact of TRIPS in Africa
- III. TRIPS in Africa-An Overview
- A. TRIPS in Northern Africa
- B. TRIPS in Western Africa
- C. TRIPS and post-TRIPS in Eastern Africa
- D. TRIPS in Central Africa
- E. TRIPS in Southern Africa
- IV. TRIPS in Africa: The Paths Not Taken
- Conclusion
- 8. TRIPS and TRIPS-Plus Development in India
- Introduction
- I. TRIPS and the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry
- II. India's Copyright Policy
- Conclusions-Did India Benefit Through Signing of TRIPS?
- III. Optimizing Development Within and Outside Intellectual Property Norms
- 9 TRIPS and Its Methods: The Resilience of Developing Country Implementation of Intellectual Property Norms
- Introduction
- I. The Promise of TRIPS: Bargaining to the Baseline
- A. Non-discrimination
- B. Scope of protection
- C. Sanctions and enforcement
- II. The Resilience of the Development Impulse
- A. The triumph of legislation in developing countries
- B. Legal innovation in the developing countries
- C. Legal innovation or resilience in the developed countries?
- Conclusion
- 10. Intellectual Property and Theories of Developmental Justice
- Introduction
- I. The Impact of IP on Developmental Justice
- A. The promise of development
- B. The promise of trade
- II. A Proposed Substantive Equality Principle in Global IP
- A. Defining substantive equality
- B. Discerning substantive equality in multilateral initiatives
- Conclusion: Matching Development Reality to Rhetoric
- 11. A Model for Access to Educational Resources and Innovation in the Developing World
- Introduction
- I. Access Policy
- II. Educational Policy-Regional Initiatives
- III. Copyright Policy
- IV. State of Limitations and Exceptions
- A. Limitations and exceptions in national legislation
- B. Enforcement
- V. Beyond Limitations and Exceptions
- A. Open Educational Resources (OER)
- B. Framing education as a human right
- C. Framing education as development issue
- D. Trading blocs, access and innovation
- Conclusion
- 12. Traditional Knowledge as a Source for Innovation
- Introduction: Innovation for Development
- I. TK Innovation Within TK Systems
- II. TK Innovation Beyond the Local Context
- A. Access and benefit-sharing legislation
- III. Intellectual Property Rights and TK-Based Innovation
- A. Use of IPRs for innovations within TK systems
- Conclusion
- 13. Global Ethical Boundaries of Intellectual Property and Development: The Case of Genome Sequencing
- Introduction
- I. Sequencing the Human Genome as a Global Development Project
- II. The Challenges Pertaining to the Genomic Project in View of Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues
- A. Populous genomics
- B. Tailored unilateral life and health insurance
- C. Cloning and 'superficial resurrections'
- D. Harvesting body parts
- E. Prejudging people based on personal embedded genetic characteristics
- III. The Global Legal Structure of the Regulation of Genomic Information
- A. Genomic data: as a public good
- B. Transparency
- C. Inclusion of genomic sequencing in an international regulative framework
- D. The International Court of Genomics
- Conclusion
- Index
