Backscattering from Multiscale Rough Surfaces With Applications to Wind Scatterometry
Published on 31. May 2015
328 pages
978-1-63081-001-6 (ISBN)
Description
This resource explains and demonstrates the backscattering properties of multiscale rough surfaces, and illustrates their application to establish the geophysical model function (GMF) needed in wind scatterometry. This book also explains how the mechanisms of backscattering change with frequency and the incident angle on a multiscale surface and how to recognize single scale versus multiscale surfaces - very useful information for those wanting to use backscattering models more efficiently.
More details
Other editions
Additional editions
Book
05/2015
Artech House Publishers
Unfortunately, price unknown
Available (delivery time upon request)
Content
- Backscattering from Multiscale Rough Surfaces with Application to Wind Scatterometry
- Contents
- Preface
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- 1.1 INTRODUCTION TO SURFACE SCATTERING
- 1.2 WAVELENGTH FILTERING
- 1.2.1 Scattering Integral Interpretation of Wavelength Filtering
- 1.3 CORRELATION PROPERTIES OF MULTISCALE SURFACES
- 1.4 MODIFIED EXPONENTIAL CORRELATION FUNCTIONS
- 1.4.1 The Exponential-Like Correlation Function (expl)
- 1.4.2 The Modified Exponential Correlation Function (mexp)
- 1.4.3 Surface Spectra for Backscattering Computation
- 1.5 CONCLUDING REMARKS
- References
- Chapter 2 Surface Backscattering Mechanisms
- 2.1 INTRODUCTION
- 2.2 THE BACKSCATTER MODEL
- 2.2.1 A Better Estimate of Surface Reflection Coefficient
- 2.3 MECHANISMS OF THE SURFACE SCATTERING MODEL
- 2.3.1 Variation of Backscattering Sources with Frequency
- 2.3.2 Numerical Illustration of Backscattering Sources
- 2.3.3 Numerical Illustration of Wavelength Filtering
- 2.4 APPROXIMATION OF BACKSCATTERING FROM A MULTISCALE SURFACE USING THE MODIFIED EXPONENTIAL CORRELATION FUNCTION (MEXP)
- 2.5 APPROXIMATION OF BACKSCATTERING FROM A MULTISCALE SURFACE USING THE EXPONENTIAL-LIKE CORRELATION FUNCTION (EXPL)
- 2.6 APPROXIMATION OF BACKSCATTERING FROM ANOTHER MULTISCALE SURFACE
- 2.7 CONCLUDING REMARKS
- References
- Chapter 3 Surface Backscattering Trends and Comparisons with Measurements
- 3.1 INTRODUCTION
- 3.2 PARAMETER EFFECTS ON BACKSCATTERING WITH EXPL
- 3.2.2 Surface Height Dependence
- 3.2.3 Correlation Parameter Dependence
- 3.2.4 Correlation Length Dependence
- 3.2.5 Summary Comments on Parameter Effects
- 3.3 COMPARISONS WITH DATA FROM SURFACES WITH UNKNOWN PARAMETERS
- 3.3.1 An Asphalt Surface
- 3.3.2 A Loose Dirt Surface
- 3.4 COMPARISONS WITH DATA FROM SURFACES WITH MEASURED PARAMETERS
- 3.4.1 A Surface with ks & 1
- 3.4.2 A Surface with ks ~ 1 Near C-Band
- 3.4.3 A Surface with ks ~ 1 Near L-Band
- 3.4.4 A Man-Made Known Surface
- 3.5 CONCLUDING REMARKS
- References
- Chapter 4 Backscattering from the Sea Surface
- 4.1 INTRODUCTION
- 4.2 A SEA SURFACE SCATTERING MODEL
- 4.3 PARAMETER EFFECTS ON BACKSCATTERING FROM AN ANISOTROPIC SKEWED SURFACE
- 4.3.1 Skewness and Anisotropic Effects on Frequency Dependence
- 4.3.2 Skewness and Anisotropic Effects on rms Height Dependence
- 4.3.3 Skewness and Anisotropic Effects on Correlation Parameter Dependence
- 4.3.4 Skewness and Anisotropic Effects on Correlation Length Dependence
- 4.3.5 Skewness and Anisotropic Effects on Dielectric Constant Dependence
- 4.3.6 Azimuth Parameter Effect
- 4.4 COMPARISONS WITH RADAR MEASUREMENTS OVER OCEAN
- 4.4.1 General Characteristics of Radar Sea Return
- 4.4.2 Variations of Backscattering with the Azimuth Angle
- 4.4.3 Variations of Backscattering with the Incident Angle
- 4.5 INTERNAL CONSISTENCY IN DATA LEVEL
- 4.6 CONCLUDING REMARKS
- References
- APPENDIX 4A: Dielectric Constant of Sea Water
- 4A.1 Introduction
- 4A.2 A Dielectric Model of Sea Water
- Chapter 5 A Geophysical Model Function for Wind Scatterometry
- 5.1 INTRODUCTION
- 5.2 GMF FOR LOW WIND SPEEDS
- 5.2.1 Data Behavior at 13.9 GHz and VV Polarization
- 5.2.2 Selection of Model Parameters
- 5.2.3 GMF for 13.9 GHz and VV Polarization at 40° Incident Angle
- 5.2.4 Data Behavior at 13.9 GHz and HH Polarization
- 5.2.5 GMF for 13.9 GHz and HH Polarization at 40° Incident Angle
- 5.3 GMF FOR HIGH WIND SPEEDS
- 5.3.1 Data Behavior at 5.3 and 13.5 GHz
- 5.3.2 GMF for 5.3 GHz and HH Polarization at 49° Incident Angle
- 5.4 COMMENTS ON THE RELATION BETWEEN VV AND HH POLARIZATION
- 5.5 COMPARISONS WITH EMPIRICAL GMF PREDICTIONS
- 5.5.1 A Summary of Sea Backscattering Characteristics
- 5.5.2 Comparisons with the SASS-2 Model Function
- 5.5.3 Comparisons with QuikSCAT GMF
- 5.5.4 Comparisons with NSCAT GMF
- 5.6 CONCLUDING REMARKS
- References
- About the Author
- Index
