Horner Site

ContributorsPrefaceAcknowledgments1 Introduction The Foundations of High Plains Paleoindian Research The Bighorn Basin The Horner Site Paleoindian Evidence in the Bighorn Basin2 History of the Princeton and Smithsonian Investigations at the Horner Site3 Excavation and Documentation of the Princeton and Smithsonian Horner Site Assemblages Introduction Excavation Techniques Geologic Studies Stone Tool Assemblage Feature Faunal Remains Discussion4 The University of Wyoming Investigations at the Horner Site Background Information The 1977 Work at the Horner Site The 1978 Investigations at the Horner Site Problems in Horner Site Interpretation Paleoecological Studies at the Horner Site The Final Investigations at the Horner Site The Horner II Bone Bed Analysis Concluding Remarks on the University of Wyoming Investigations Radiocarbon Dates from the Horner Site5 Taphonomy of the Horner II Bone Bed Introduction Taphonomy of Bone Beds The Alberta/Cody Bone Bed at the Horner Site Formation of the Alberta/Cody Bone Bed6 Projectile Points and Specialized Bifaces from the Horner Site Introduction The Analytical Sample Cody Complex Projectile-Point Typology The Horner II Assemblage The Horner I Assemblage Projectile-Point Comparisons Cody Knives Horner-Claypool Comparisons Projectile-Point Reworking Aberrant Forms Conclusions7 The Tool Assemblage, Unfinished Bifaces, and Stone Flaking Material Sources for the Horner Site The Horner Site Tool Assemblages The Horner Site I Tool Assemblage The Horner Site II Tool Assemblage Stone Flaking Material Sources8 Geologic Investigations Method of Investigation Previous Geologic Investigations of the Horner Site General Setting Terraces of the Shoshone River Valley Geology of the Horner Site Summary9 Horner Site Local Fauna: Vertebrates Introduction Systematic Descriptions Discussion10 Soil Formation and Paleoenvironmental Interpretation at the Horner Site, Park County, Wyoming Introduction Methods The Site The Soil Profile and Sedimentologie Environments The Soils Summary and Conclusions11 Summary and Concluding Remarks General Observations Horner I Horner II Paleoindian Bison Procurement at the Horner SiteAppendix 1 Bison Bone Measurements Humerus Radius Ulna Femur TibiaAppendix 2 The Claypool Study Introduction Typology Technology of the Square-Based Projectile Points The Experiments Eden Point Manufacture Sequence Experimental Results Technological/Morphological Attributes of the Claypool Square-Based Projectile Points Special Flaking and Retouch Attributes Pressure Flake Spacing Allocation System Cody Knives Drills ConclusionsAppendix 3 The Horner Site Debitage Introduction Mode of Occurrence Flake Types Distribution of Raw Stone Flaking Materials Lithic Technology and Site Use ConclusionsAppendix 4 Fossil Nonmarine Snails from the Horner Site Introduction Systematic DiscussionsAppendix 5 Opal Phytolith Studies from the Horner Site, Wyoming Introduction Interpretations Bone Bed Level, 1978 Excavations ConclusionsAppendix 6 The Larson Cache Introduction Spatial Association Versus Behavioral Association Typology of the Larson Cache Materials Metric Comparisons Production Sequences and Options Artifact Use Histories DiscussionAppendix 7 The Finley Site Bison Bone Modifications to the Finley Bison Remains Methodology Analysis of the Finley Bison BonesAppendix 8 Bison Mandibles from the Horner and Finley Sites Determination of Bison Age and Season of Death Horner and Finley Age Group Descriptions: Mandibular Dentition Eruption and Wear Discussion Bison Sexing by Molars and Mandibles Comparisons of