Individual Differences in Language Ability and Language Behavior

¿List of ContributorsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsIntroduction Chapter Summaries ReferencesI The Treatment of Individual Differences 1 Psychometric Approaches to the Study of Language Abilities The Place of Psychometrics in Psychology Factor-Analytic Studies of Language Abilities The Possible Relevance of Language Ability Studies for Linguistic, Psycholinguistic, and Sociolinguistic Research Studies of Specific Language Abilities Involved in Foreign Language Aptitude Tests References 2 Sapir, Competence, Voices 3 The Treatment of Individual Differences in Psycholinguistic ResearchII Language Use and Language Judgments 4 Verbal Fluency and the Language-Bound Effect General Method Results and Discussion General Discussion References 5 On Fluency 1. The Generativist Position 2. Language Variability 3. Two Senses of "Competence" 4. The Competence-Performance Distinction 5. Dimensions of Fluency 6. Sources of Fluency Differences 7. Research Possibilities 8. Summary References 6 Language Use and Language Judgment 1. Population Differences in Metalinguistic Performance, in the Presence of Relatively Invariant Linguistic Performance 2. Are the Metalinguistic Functions Related to Language Use and Learning? 3. Summary and Conclusions References 7 Where's English? 1. Background 2. The Experiment 3. The Results 4. Downshot and Upshot Appendix ReferencesIII Acquisition 8 Profile Analysis of Language Disability Descriptive Developmental Interactional Profiles and Language Disability Profile 1: Hugh Profile 2: Peter Profile 3, 4, and 5: Difficulties with Complex Sentences Profiles Extended Appendix References 9 Phonology as an Individual Access System: Some Data from Language Acquisition 1. Individual Differences in Phonology 2. Individual Differences in Child Phonologies 3. Toward a Model of Phonology References 10 Individual Differences in Second Language Acquisition Cognitive and Social Strategies in Second Language Learning Sources of Individual Differences in Second Language Learning Summary References 11 Individual Variation in Some Phonetic Aspects of Language Acquisition Introduction Apologia Aspects of Perception Conclusion ReferencesIV Neurolinguistics 12 Individual Variations in the Perception of Dichotic Chords 13 Effect of Aphasia on the Retrieval of Lexicon and Syntax Agrammatism References 14 How Shall a Thingummy Be Called? Method Results References 15 On the Evolution of Neurolinguistic Variability: Fossil Brains Speak Materials and Methods Results Discussion Summary and Conclusions References 16 Strategies of Linguistic Processing in Human Split-Brain Patients Lateralization and Language Language Limitations of the Right Hemisphere What Is Meant by Language? The Cognitive Dispositions of the Right Hemisphere A Missing Process in the Right Hemisphere Summary ReferencesV Sociocultural Aspects 17 Individual and Social Differences in Language Use Example 1: Regent St.