Advanced Software Applications in Japan

Part I Knowledge-Based Systems in Japan Executive Summary 1. Introduction Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence The Applications of Expert Systems Benefits to End Users The Expert Systems Business Advanced Research in Knowledge-Based Systems: Inventing the Next Generation Design of the JTEC Study Group on Knowledge-Based Systems and the Selection of Japanese Sites 2. Applications of Knowledge-Based Systems in Japan Trends in AI Applications in Japan Case Studies of High-Impact Systems Types of Applications Company-Specific Applications Observations and Conclusions 3. Tools and Infrastructure for Knowledge-Based Systems Introduction Expert Systems Building Tools: Definitions Profile of a Tool: ES/KERNEL2 Profile of a Tool Vendor: Hitachi Infrastructure: Industrial Research and Technology Transfer Observations and Conclusions 4. Advanced Knowledge-Based Systems Research University Research Industrial Research 5. National AI Research Projects Introduction Electronic Dictionary Research (EDR) Project ICOT Fuzzy Logic Research and Life Real World Computing (RWC) Project 6. Integration of ES with Conventional Data Processing Systems Introduction Integration with Physical Systems Integration of Problem-Solving Techniques Future Visions Analysis 7. Business Perspective History and Trends Business Advantages of KBS Technology Business Impact on the Japanese Computer Manufacturers (JCMs) Business Impact on Non-JCM Companies Comparison with Conventional Data Processing Problems with Current Generation KBS Technology Are Knowledge-Based Systems a Business? Conclusions 8. Conclusions Business Sector Applications of Expert Systems in Japan Knowledge-Based Systems Research in Japan ICOT Research Program Progress EDR Program Progress Appendices Appendix A: Professional Experience of Panel Members Appendix B: Professional Experience of Other Team Members Appendix C: Questionnaire Appendix D: Sites Visited by JTEC Team Appendix E: Site Reports Appendix F: Bibliography Appendix G: GlossaryPart II Database Use and Technology in Japan Executive Summary 1. Introduction 1.1 Coverage 1.2 Motivation 1.3 Overview 2. Database Research Infrastructure 2.1 Role of the Japanese Government in Database Activities 2.2 Funding Sources 2.3 International Collaboration 2.4 U.S. Influence and Faddism 2.5 Conclusions 3. Technology Topics 3.1 Object Databases 3.2 Knowledge Bases 3.3 Multimedia Database Systems 3.4 Interoperable Databases 3.5 Database Hardware 3.6 Security 3.7 Database Tools 3.8 Database Management Systems (DBMSs) 3.9 Summary 4. DBMS Product Infrastructure 4.1 DBMS Technology Channels 4.2 DBMS Market Drivers 4.3 Japanese Positioning 4.4 The Japanese Response to the Global Database Market 4.5 Observations 5. Database Use Industry 5.1 Database Search Services 5.2 Databases as Export Products 5.3 Database Technology 5.4 Summary Assessment 6. Summary 6.1 Multimedia Databases 6.2 Government and Database Research and Development Appendices Participants' Biographies Sites Visited and Contacts Trip Reports BibliographyPart III Machine Translation in Japan Executive Summary 1. Introduction: Machine Translation in Japan and the U.S. 1.