Cell Migration: Signalling and Mechanisms
Translational Research in Biomedicine, Vol. 2
1st Edition
Published on 17. December 2009
176 pages
978-3-8055-9322-9 (ISBN)
Available for download
Description
Cell migration is a highly complex process which involves several compartments of the cell, including surface receptors, signalling elements and the cytoskeleton. It plays an essential role in embryogenesis, wound healing and inflammatory responses, and a dysregulation of cell movement can cause pathological states such as developmental defects, chronic inflammation, cancer invasion and metastasis. Covering extracellular regulatory signals and intracellular signal transduction pathways as well as the molecular mechanisms of migration in stem cells, leukocytes and tumor cells in the adult human organism, this book summarizes the current state of knowledge about cell migration. In the first part, the major aspects of different migratory cells in health and disease are covered, with special emphasis on T lymphocytes. The second part provides a comprehensive overview of the principal molecular mechanisms of migration such as adhesion receptors, cytoskeletal rearrangements and locomotor force generation, which, together, can be referred to as a cell's 'migrosome'. With contributions by eminent international scientists from different disciplines this book will serve as a valuable resource not only for researchers in cell biology, immunology and oncology, but also for clinicians who wish to learn more about the role of migratory processes in health and disease.
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F. Entschladen | K.S. Zänker
Cell Migration: Signalling and Mechanisms
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12/2009
1st Edition
S. Karger
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Content
1 - Cover [Seite 1]
2 - Contents [Seite 6]
3 - Foreword [Seite 7]
4 - Preface [Seite 9]
5 - The Migrating Cell [Seite 10]
5.1 - Abstract [Seite 10]
5.2 - Acknowledgement [Seite 14]
5.3 - References [Seite 14]
6 - Stem Cell Migration in Health and Disease [Seite 16]
6.1 - Abstract [Seite 16]
6.2 - HSC/HSPC Mobilization [Seite 19]
6.3 - HSC/HSPC Homing [Seite 21]
6.4 - The SDF-1a/CXCR4 Axis [Seite 23]
6.5 - Modulation of the SDF-1a-Induced Migration of HSPCs [Seite 26]
6.6 - Cancer Stem Cell Migration [Seite 27]
6.7 - Conclusion [Seite 30]
6.8 - Acknowledgements [Seite 31]
6.9 - References [Seite 31]
7 - Leukocyte Motility and Human Disease [Seite 37]
7.1 - Abstract [Seite 37]
7.2 - Basic Steps of Cell Movement [Seite 37]
7.3 - External Factors That Regulate Cell Migration [Seite 38]
7.4 - Cell Signaling during Neutrophil-Directed Migration [Seite 38]
7.5 - Neutrophil Motility in Disease [Seite 43]
7.6 - Neutrophil Motility in Chronic Inflammatory Disease [Seite 44]
7.7 - Conclusion [Seite 45]
7.8 - References [Seite 46]
8 - Coordination of Leukocyte Polarity and Migration [Seite 49]
8.1 - Abstract [Seite 49]
8.2 - Leukocyte Polarization [Seite 49]
8.3 - Sensing Chemotactic Gradients [Seite 52]
8.4 - Establishment of Two Poles: Front-Back Coordination [Seite 54]
8.5 - Microtubule Connection: The Lost Link? [Seite 56]
8.6 - Segregated Signalling Domains in Polarized Lymphocytes [Seite 58]
8.7 - Concluding Remarks [Seite 60]
8.8 - References [Seite 60]
9 - Positioning Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Chemokine and Antigen-Dependent T-Lymphocyte Navigation Mechanisms [Seite 63]
9.1 - Abstract [Seite 63]
9.2 - Class 1 PI3Ks: An Overview [Seite 64]
9.3 - A Role for PI3K in Cell Migration: The Story So Far [Seite 65]
9.4 - Evidence for PI3K-Dependent and -Independent T-Lymphocyte Directional Migration [Seite 66]
9.5 - Role of PI3K in T-Lymphocyte Homing and Migration in vivo: Lessons from Gene-Targeted from Mice [Seite 67]
9.6 - Role of PI3K in Interstitial T-Lymphocyte Motility [Seite 68]
9.7 - Antigen Recognition by the TCR and Costimulatory Receptors Influence T-Cell Trafficking [Seite 68]
9.8 - PI3K Influences Effector T-Cell Migration at Transcriptional and Post-Translational Levels [Seite 70]
9.9 - Conclusions [Seite 70]
9.10 - Acknowledgement [Seite 72]
9.11 - References [Seite 72]
10 - Migration of Functionally Specialized T-Helper Cells: TFH Cells, Th17 Cells and FoxP3+ T Cells [Seite 76]
10.1 - Abstract [Seite 76]
10.2 - Migration and Trafficking Receptors of T Cells [Seite 77]
10.3 - Generation of the Functionally Specialized T-Helper Cell Subsets [Seite 78]
10.4 - Migration and Function of TFH Cells [Seite 79]
10.5 - Migration and Function of Th17 Cells [Seite 82]
10.6 - Migration and Function of FoxP3+ Cells [Seite 84]
10.7 - Concluding Remarks [Seite 85]
10.8 - References [Seite 86]
11 - ADAMs and Ectodomain Proteolytic Shedding in Leukocyte and Tumour Cell Migration [Seite 92]
11.1 - Abstract [Seite 92]
11.2 - Leukocyte Trafficking [Seite 93]
11.3 - ADAMs and Ectodomain Shedding of Leukocyte Receptors [Seite 95]
11.4 - CD44 Shedding and T-Cell Recruitment in Autoimmune Lesions [Seite 100]
11.5 - ADAMs and Ectodomain Shedding of Endothelial Receptors [Seite 100]
11.6 - Crossing the Basement Membrane and Interstitial Migration [Seite 101]
11.7 - ADAMs and Ectodomain Shedding in Tumour Cell Extravasation [Seite 102]
11.8 - How, Where and When Are ADAMs Activated [Seite 102]
11.9 - Regulation of ADAM10 and 17 Proteolytic Activity [Seite 103]
11.10 - Regulation of ADAM15 Function by Interacting Kinases [Seite 104]
11.11 - Conclusions and Future Prospects [Seite 105]
11.12 - References [Seite 106]
12 - Guided Tour of Cell Migration: Signals and Pathways [Seite 111]
12.1 - Abstract [Seite 111]
12.2 - Induction of Migratory Activity by Extracellular Signal Substances [Seite 112]
12.3 - Pathways Leading to Cell Migration (Cytokines and Neurotransmitters) [Seite 118]
12.4 - Conclusion [Seite 123]
12.5 - Acknowledgement [Seite 123]
12.6 - References [Seite 123]
13 - Regulation of the E-Cadherin Adhesion Complex in Tumor Cell Migration and Invasion [Seite 129]
13.1 - Abstract [Seite 129]
13.2 - E-Cadherin-Mediated Adherens Junctions [Seite 130]
13.3 - Regulation of E-Cadherin Gene Expression [Seite 131]
13.4 - Regulation of the E-Cadherin Adhesion Complex by ß-Catenin [Seite 134]
13.5 - Regulation of Cell-Cell Adhesion by the Cellular Microenvironment [Seite 136]
13.6 - Regulation of Cell-Cell Adhesion by p120ctn and GTPases [Seite 138]
13.7 - References [Seite 140]
14 - The Cytoskeletal Connection: Understanding Adaptor Proteins [Seite 145]
14.1 - Abstract [Seite 145]
14.2 - The Cell Adhesion Complex: A Simplistic View [Seite 145]
14.3 - Proteins: Biochemical Characteristics and Molecular Architecture [Seite 147]
14.4 - Cell Adhesion Complex: Protein Properties in the Cellular Context [Seite 150]
14.5 - Cell Migration: Regulation of Adaptor Proteins during Contact Turnover [Seite 156]
14.6 - Organism: Specific Tasks in Tissues and Organs [Seite 164]
14.7 - Concluding Remarks [Seite 165]
14.8 - Acknowledgements [Seite 166]
14.9 - References [Seite 166]
15 - Locomotor Force Generation by Myosins [Seite 172]
15.1 - Abstract [Seite 172]
15.2 - The Myosin Superfamily [Seite 172]
15.3 - Myosin I [Seite 175]
15.4 - Myosin II [Seite 175]
15.5 - Myosin V [Seite 176]
15.6 - Myosin VI [Seite 178]
15.7 - Myosin VII [Seite 178]
15.8 - Myosin X [Seite 178]
15.9 - Concluding Remarks [Seite 179]
15.10 - Acknowledgement [Seite 179]
15.11 - References [Seite 179]
16 - Author Index [Seite 182]
17 - Subject Index [Seite 183]
2 - Contents [Seite 6]
3 - Foreword [Seite 7]
4 - Preface [Seite 9]
5 - The Migrating Cell [Seite 10]
5.1 - Abstract [Seite 10]
5.2 - Acknowledgement [Seite 14]
5.3 - References [Seite 14]
6 - Stem Cell Migration in Health and Disease [Seite 16]
6.1 - Abstract [Seite 16]
6.2 - HSC/HSPC Mobilization [Seite 19]
6.3 - HSC/HSPC Homing [Seite 21]
6.4 - The SDF-1a/CXCR4 Axis [Seite 23]
6.5 - Modulation of the SDF-1a-Induced Migration of HSPCs [Seite 26]
6.6 - Cancer Stem Cell Migration [Seite 27]
6.7 - Conclusion [Seite 30]
6.8 - Acknowledgements [Seite 31]
6.9 - References [Seite 31]
7 - Leukocyte Motility and Human Disease [Seite 37]
7.1 - Abstract [Seite 37]
7.2 - Basic Steps of Cell Movement [Seite 37]
7.3 - External Factors That Regulate Cell Migration [Seite 38]
7.4 - Cell Signaling during Neutrophil-Directed Migration [Seite 38]
7.5 - Neutrophil Motility in Disease [Seite 43]
7.6 - Neutrophil Motility in Chronic Inflammatory Disease [Seite 44]
7.7 - Conclusion [Seite 45]
7.8 - References [Seite 46]
8 - Coordination of Leukocyte Polarity and Migration [Seite 49]
8.1 - Abstract [Seite 49]
8.2 - Leukocyte Polarization [Seite 49]
8.3 - Sensing Chemotactic Gradients [Seite 52]
8.4 - Establishment of Two Poles: Front-Back Coordination [Seite 54]
8.5 - Microtubule Connection: The Lost Link? [Seite 56]
8.6 - Segregated Signalling Domains in Polarized Lymphocytes [Seite 58]
8.7 - Concluding Remarks [Seite 60]
8.8 - References [Seite 60]
9 - Positioning Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Chemokine and Antigen-Dependent T-Lymphocyte Navigation Mechanisms [Seite 63]
9.1 - Abstract [Seite 63]
9.2 - Class 1 PI3Ks: An Overview [Seite 64]
9.3 - A Role for PI3K in Cell Migration: The Story So Far [Seite 65]
9.4 - Evidence for PI3K-Dependent and -Independent T-Lymphocyte Directional Migration [Seite 66]
9.5 - Role of PI3K in T-Lymphocyte Homing and Migration in vivo: Lessons from Gene-Targeted from Mice [Seite 67]
9.6 - Role of PI3K in Interstitial T-Lymphocyte Motility [Seite 68]
9.7 - Antigen Recognition by the TCR and Costimulatory Receptors Influence T-Cell Trafficking [Seite 68]
9.8 - PI3K Influences Effector T-Cell Migration at Transcriptional and Post-Translational Levels [Seite 70]
9.9 - Conclusions [Seite 70]
9.10 - Acknowledgement [Seite 72]
9.11 - References [Seite 72]
10 - Migration of Functionally Specialized T-Helper Cells: TFH Cells, Th17 Cells and FoxP3+ T Cells [Seite 76]
10.1 - Abstract [Seite 76]
10.2 - Migration and Trafficking Receptors of T Cells [Seite 77]
10.3 - Generation of the Functionally Specialized T-Helper Cell Subsets [Seite 78]
10.4 - Migration and Function of TFH Cells [Seite 79]
10.5 - Migration and Function of Th17 Cells [Seite 82]
10.6 - Migration and Function of FoxP3+ Cells [Seite 84]
10.7 - Concluding Remarks [Seite 85]
10.8 - References [Seite 86]
11 - ADAMs and Ectodomain Proteolytic Shedding in Leukocyte and Tumour Cell Migration [Seite 92]
11.1 - Abstract [Seite 92]
11.2 - Leukocyte Trafficking [Seite 93]
11.3 - ADAMs and Ectodomain Shedding of Leukocyte Receptors [Seite 95]
11.4 - CD44 Shedding and T-Cell Recruitment in Autoimmune Lesions [Seite 100]
11.5 - ADAMs and Ectodomain Shedding of Endothelial Receptors [Seite 100]
11.6 - Crossing the Basement Membrane and Interstitial Migration [Seite 101]
11.7 - ADAMs and Ectodomain Shedding in Tumour Cell Extravasation [Seite 102]
11.8 - How, Where and When Are ADAMs Activated [Seite 102]
11.9 - Regulation of ADAM10 and 17 Proteolytic Activity [Seite 103]
11.10 - Regulation of ADAM15 Function by Interacting Kinases [Seite 104]
11.11 - Conclusions and Future Prospects [Seite 105]
11.12 - References [Seite 106]
12 - Guided Tour of Cell Migration: Signals and Pathways [Seite 111]
12.1 - Abstract [Seite 111]
12.2 - Induction of Migratory Activity by Extracellular Signal Substances [Seite 112]
12.3 - Pathways Leading to Cell Migration (Cytokines and Neurotransmitters) [Seite 118]
12.4 - Conclusion [Seite 123]
12.5 - Acknowledgement [Seite 123]
12.6 - References [Seite 123]
13 - Regulation of the E-Cadherin Adhesion Complex in Tumor Cell Migration and Invasion [Seite 129]
13.1 - Abstract [Seite 129]
13.2 - E-Cadherin-Mediated Adherens Junctions [Seite 130]
13.3 - Regulation of E-Cadherin Gene Expression [Seite 131]
13.4 - Regulation of the E-Cadherin Adhesion Complex by ß-Catenin [Seite 134]
13.5 - Regulation of Cell-Cell Adhesion by the Cellular Microenvironment [Seite 136]
13.6 - Regulation of Cell-Cell Adhesion by p120ctn and GTPases [Seite 138]
13.7 - References [Seite 140]
14 - The Cytoskeletal Connection: Understanding Adaptor Proteins [Seite 145]
14.1 - Abstract [Seite 145]
14.2 - The Cell Adhesion Complex: A Simplistic View [Seite 145]
14.3 - Proteins: Biochemical Characteristics and Molecular Architecture [Seite 147]
14.4 - Cell Adhesion Complex: Protein Properties in the Cellular Context [Seite 150]
14.5 - Cell Migration: Regulation of Adaptor Proteins during Contact Turnover [Seite 156]
14.6 - Organism: Specific Tasks in Tissues and Organs [Seite 164]
14.7 - Concluding Remarks [Seite 165]
14.8 - Acknowledgements [Seite 166]
14.9 - References [Seite 166]
15 - Locomotor Force Generation by Myosins [Seite 172]
15.1 - Abstract [Seite 172]
15.2 - The Myosin Superfamily [Seite 172]
15.3 - Myosin I [Seite 175]
15.4 - Myosin II [Seite 175]
15.5 - Myosin V [Seite 176]
15.6 - Myosin VI [Seite 178]
15.7 - Myosin VII [Seite 178]
15.8 - Myosin X [Seite 178]
15.9 - Concluding Remarks [Seite 179]
15.10 - Acknowledgement [Seite 179]
15.11 - References [Seite 179]
16 - Author Index [Seite 182]
17 - Subject Index [Seite 183]
