Abbreviations

ABPI ankle brachial pressure index ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme ACTH adrenocorticotrophic hormone ADH antidiuretic hormone AFP a-fetoprotein AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIN anal intraepithelial neoplasia ALP alkaline phosphatase ALT alanine transaminase APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation APUD amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists ASD atrial septal defect AST aspartate transaminase ATN acute tubular necrosis ß-HCG ß-human chorionic gonadotrophin BCG bacille Calmette-Guérin BPH benign prostatic hyperplasia CABG coronary artery bypass graft CEA carcinoembryonic antigen CNS central nervous system CPE carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae CPPS chronic pelvic pain syndrome CRE carbopenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae CRP C-reactive protein CSF cerebrospinal fluid CT computed tomography CTPA computed tomographic pulmonary angiography CVP central venous pressure DCIS ductal carcinoma in situ DDAVP deamino-D-arginine vasopressin DIC disseminated intravascular coagulopathy DMSA dimercaptosuccinic acid DOPA dihydroxyphenyl alanine DTC differentiated thyroid cancer DTPA diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid ECG electrocardiogram EMG electromyography ER oestrogen receptor ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ESBL extended spectrum ß-lactamase ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate ESWL extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy EUS endoscopic ultrasound FAP familial adenomatous polyposis FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 second FSH follicle-stimulating hormone GABA G-aminobutyric acid GANT gastrointestinal autonomic nervous tumour GCS Glasgow Coma Score GFR glomerular filtration rate GGT G-glutamyl transferase GI gastrointestinal GIST gastrointestinal stromal tumour GLA G-linolenic acid GPA granulomatosis with polyangiitis GTN glyceryl trinitrate HAART highly active antiretroviral treatment HALO haemorrhoidal artery ligation HbA1c glycosylated haemoglobin HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HER2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 HHT hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia HHV human herpes virus HIV human immunodeficiency virus HLA human leucocyte antigen HNPCC hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer syndrome HPOA hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy HPV human papilloma virus HRT hormone replacement therapy HTIG human tetanus immunoglobulin ICC interstitial cell of Cajal ICP intracranial pressure ICSI intracytoplasmic sperm injection IFN interferon IPMN intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm ITU intensive therapy unit IVC inferior vena cava IVF in vitro fertilization IVU intravenous urogram JVP jugular venous pressure KSHV Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus KUB kidneys, ureters and bladder LAD left anterior descending artery LCIS lobular carcinoma in situ LHRH luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone LUTS lower urinary tract symptoms MAG3 mercapto-acetyl triglycine MAMC midarm muscle circumference MCN mucinous cystic neoplasm MDT multidisciplinary team MEN multiple endocrine neoplasia MHC major histocompatibility complex MIBG meta-iodobenzylguanidine MIBI methoxyisobutylisonitrile MR magnetic resonance MRCP magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography MRSA meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NPI Nottingham Prognostic Index NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer NSGCT non-seminomatous germ cell tumour NST no special type OCP oral contraceptive pill OPG orthopantomogram PDGFA platelet-derived growth factor receptor a PET positron emission tomography PN parenteral nutrition PNET primitive neuroectodermal tumour POSSUM Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and Morbidity PSA prostate-specific antigen PTA percutaneous transluminal angioplasty PTC percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography PTCA percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene PTH parathormone PUJ pelviureteric junction RIF right iliac fossa SAH subarachnoid haemorrhage SGOT serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (synonymous with AST) SGPT serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (synonymous with ALT) SIADH syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone SLE systemic lupus erythematosus SLN sentinel lymph...