
EBOOK: Auditing and Assurance Services
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Content
- Intro
- Auditing & Assurance Services
- Detailed Table of Contents
- About the authors
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Guided Tour
- PART I Introduction to assurance and financial statement auditing
- 1 An introduction to assurance and financial statement auditing
- Tips for learning auditing
- The demand for auditing and assurance
- An assurance analogy: the case of the building surveyor
- Auditing and assurance defined
- Fundamental concepts in conducting a financial statement audit
- Sampling: inferences based on limited observations
- The audit process
- Conclusion
- Key terms
- Review questions
- EarthWear Annual Report
- (See colour section)
- 2 The financial statement auditing environment
- Types of auditors
- Types of other audit, assurance and non-assurance services
- Audit firms
- A decade of challenge and change for financial statement auditors
- Society's expectations and the auditor's responsibilities
- The context of financial statement auditing
- A model of business
- A model of business processes: five components
- Organizations that affect the auditing profession
- International standards on auditing
- Ethics, independence and the code of ethics
- Conclusion
- Advanced module 1: auditors' legal liability
- Advanced module 2: professional judgement framework - understanding and developing professional judgement in auditing
- Key terms
- Review questions
- PART II Audit planning and basic auditing concepts
- 3 Audit planning, types of audit tests and materiality
- Client acceptance and continuance
- Preliminary engagement activities
- Planning the audit
- Supervision of the audit
- Types of audit tests
- Materiality
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 4 Risk assessment
- Audit risk
- The audit risk model
- Use of the audit risk model
- The auditor's risk assessment process
- Evaluating the entity's risk assessment process
- Assessing the risk of material misstatement
- The fraud risk assessment process
- The auditor's response to the results of the risk assessments
- Evaluation of audit test results
- Documentation of the auditor's risk assessment and response
- Communications about fraud to management, those charged with governance and others
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 5 Evidence and documentation
- The relationship of audit evidence to the audit report
- Management assertions
- The concepts of audit evidence
- Audit procedures for obtaining audit evidence
- Reliability of the types of evidence
- The audit testing hierarchy
- Audit documentation
- Advanced module 1: analytical procedures
- Advanced module 2: selected financial ratios useful as analytical procedures
- Key terms
- Review questions
- PART III Internal control
- 6 Internal control in a financial statement audit
- Introduction
- Internal control - an overview
- The COSO framework
- Planning an audit strategy
- Obtaining an understanding of internal control
- Assessing control risk
- Substantive procedures
- Timing of audit procedures
- Auditing accounting applications processed by service organizations
- Communication of deficiencies in internal control
- Advanced module 1: types of controls in an it environment
- Advanced module 2: computer-assisted audit techniques
- Advanced module 3: flowcharting techniques
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 7 Auditing internal control over financial reporting
- Management responsibilities under section 404
- Auditor responsibilities under sections 404 and AS5
- Internal control over financial reporting defined
- Internal control deficiencies defined
- Management's assessment process
- Performing an audit of ICFR
- Planning the audit of ICFR
- Using a top-down, risk-based approach to identify controls to test
- Testing the design and operating effectiveness of controls
- Evaluating identified control deficiencies
- Remediation of a material weakness
- Written representations
- Auditor documentation requirements
- Auditor reporting on ICFR
- Other reporting issues
- Additional required communications in an audit of ICFR
- Advanced module: special considerations for an audit of internal control
- Key terms
- Review questions
- PART IV Statistical and non-statistical sampling tools for auditing
- 8 Audit sampling: an overview and application to tests of controls
- What if you were an apple inspector?
- Introduction
- Definitions and key concepts
- Types of audit sampling
- Attribute sampling applied to tests of controls
- Non-statistical sampling for tests of controls
- Conclusion
- Advanced module 1: considering the effect on sample size of a small population
- Advanced module 2: comparing terminology for attribute sampling between ACL and sampling tables
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 9 Audit sampling: an application to substantive tests of account balances
- Sampling for substantive tests of details of account balances
- Monetary-unit sampling
- An extended example
- Non-statistical sampling for tests of account balances
- Advanced module 1: classical variables sampling
- Advanced module 2: comparing terminology for monetary-unit sampling between ACL and manual calculation
- Key terms
- Review questions
- PART V Auditing business processes
- 10 Auditing the revenue process
- Revenue recognition
- Overview of the revenue process
- Inherent risk assessment
- Control risk assessment
- Control activities and tests of controls: revenue transactions
- Control activities and tests of controls: cash receipts transactions
- Control activities and tests of controls: sales returns and allowances transactions
- Relating the assessed level of control risk to substantive procedures
- Auditing revenue-related accounts
- Substantive analytical procedures
- Tests of details of classes of transactions, account balances and disclosures
- The confirmation process: accounts receivable
- Auditing other receivables
- Evaluating the audit findings: revenue-related accounts
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 11 Auditing the purchasing process
- Expense and liability recognition
- Overview of the purchasing process
- Inherent risk assessment
- Control risk assessment
- Control activities and tests of controls: purchase transactions
- Control activities and tests of controls: cash disbursement transactions
- Control activities and tests of controls: purchase return transactions
- Relating the assessed level of control risk to substantive procedures
- Auditing accounts payable and accrued expenses
- Substantive analytical procedures
- Tests of details of classes of transactions, account balances and disclosures
- Accounts payable confirmations
- Evaluating the audit findings: accounts payable and related accounts
- Advanced module: auditing income tax expense and related accounts
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 12 Auditing the human resource management process
- Overview of the human resource management process
- Inherent risk assessment
- Control risk assessment
- Control activities and tests of controls: payroll transactions
- Relating the assessed level of control risk to substantive procedures
- Auditing payroll-related accounts
- Substantive analytical procedures
- Tests of details of classes of transactions, account balances and disclosures
- Evaluating the audit findings: payroll-related accounts
- Advanced module: auditing share-based compensation
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 13 Auditing the inventory management process
- Overview of the inventory management process
- Inherent risk assessment
- Control risk assessment
- Control activities and tests of controls: inventory transactions
- Relating the assessed level of control risk to substantive procedures
- Auditing inventory
- Substantive analytical procedures
- Auditing standard costs
- Observing physical inventory
- Tests of details of classes of transactions, account balances and disclosures
- Evaluating the audit findings: inventory
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 14 Auditing the financing/investing process: prepaid expenses
- intangible assets and goodwill
- and property, plant and equipment
- Auditing prepaid expenses
- Inherent risk assessment: prepaid expenses
- Control risk assessment: prepaid expenses
- Substantive procedures: prepaid insurance
- Auditing intangible assets and goodwill
- Inherent risk assessment: intangible assets and goodwill
- Control risk assessment: intangible assets and goodwill
- Substantive procedures: intangible assets and goodwill
- Auditing the property management process
- Inherent risk assessment: property management process
- Control risk assessment: property management process
- Substantive procedures: property, plant and equipment
- Evaluating the audit findings: property, plant and equipment
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 15 Auditing the financing/investing process: long-term liabilities, stockholders' equity and income statement accounts
- Auditing long-term debt
- Inherent risk assessment: long-term debt
- Control risk assessment: long-term debt
- Assertions and related control activities
- Substantive procedures: long-term debt
- Auditing stockholders' equity
- Control risk assessment: stockholders' equity
- Auditing equity capital accounts
- Auditing dividends
- Auditing retained earnings
- Auditing income statement accounts
- Assessing control risk for business processes: income statement accounts
- Substantive procedures: income statement accounts
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 16 Auditing the financing/investing process: cash and investments
- Auditing cash
- Types of bank accounts
- Control risk assessment: cash
- Substantive procedures: cash
- Auditing investments
- Control risk assessment: investments
- Substantive procedures: investments
- Advanced module: auditing fair value measurements
- Key terms
- Review questions
- PART VI Completing the audit and reporting responsibilities
- 17 Completing the audit engagement
- Review for contingencies
- Review for commitments
- Review for subsequent events
- Final evaluation of audit evidence
- Communications with those charged with governance and management
- Key terms
- Review questions
- 18 Reports on audited financial statements
- Reporting on the financial statement audit: the standard audit report with an unmodified opinion
- An emphasis of matter paragraph or other matter paragraph added in the audit report
- Audit reports with modified opinion
- Discussion of conditions requiring audit reports with modified opinion
- Special reporting issues
- Reporting on comparative information
- Other information in documents containing audited financial statements
- Reporting on specialized areas
- Key terms
- Review questions
- PART VII Professional responsibilities
- 19 Professional ethics, independence and quality control
- Ethics and ethical professional behaviour
- IESBA code of ethics for professional accountants
- Auditor independence in the EU
- Quality control systems
- Key terms
- Review questions
- PART VIII Assurance, related services and internal auditing
- 20 Assurance, related services and internal auditing
- Assurance services
- Subject-matter specific assurance standards
- Review of historical financial information
- Related services
- Internal auditing
- Key terms
- Review questions
- Index
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