
Principles and Prediction
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The eight papers in the syntax section are of three types. Edith Moravcsik and James Tai discuss 'general' issues of linguistic theory/domain. Four papers (Mushira Eid, Michael Kac, Nancy Hedberg, Larry Hutchinson) address specific analyses and their implications from language-particular and theoretical perspectives. The papers by Deborah Dahl and Thomas Rindflesch relate theoretical concepts and analyses to natural language processing.
In the section on discourse, the contributions by Anita Barry and Amy Sheldon deal with interpersonal conflict; George Yule discusses the selection between direct and indirect speech forms. Helga Delisle and Cynthia Clamons consider ways in which choices among, or variation in, some grammatical and semantic categories may be explainable on pragmatic and discourse grounds.
The phonology papers are focused on two major themes: underspecification and borrowing. Four of the articles address the issue of underspecification in phonological representations (Daniel Dinnsen, Joseph Stemberger, Janet Bing, Gregory Iverson). In the other two papers questions of borrowing are discussed, in Nancy Stenson's contribution from a synchronic perspective, and in Gunter Schaarsmidt's paper from a historical one.
The volume is completed by a subject index and a language index.
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Content
- PRINCIPLES AND PREDICTION THE ANALYSIS OF NATURAL LANGUAGE
- Editorial page
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Table of Contents
- Acknowledgements
- INTRODUCTION
- Typological Issues
- Syntactic Issues
- Discourse Issues
- Phonological Issues
- A TRIBUTE TO GERALD A. SANDERS
- I. TYPOLOGICAL ISSUES
- THE SECOND PERSON IS RIGHTLY SO CALLED
- REFERENCES
- THE STRUCTURE OF CATEGORY SYSTEMS
- 0. Introduction
- 1. The Structure of Category Systems: 'Determined' vs.
- 2. Dakota Split Intransitives and Related Systems
- 3. Ojibwe Noun Class System
- 4. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- ON THE NATURAL DOMAIN OF LINGUISTIC UNIVERSALS
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Background: Approaches to linguistic universals
- 3. On Arguments for Domains
- 3.1 The domain of a scientific theory
- 3.2 Arguments for L1 and L2 as different domains
- 4. On Arguments for a Single Domain for L1 and L2
- 4.1 Problematic cases
- 4.2 Viable proposals
- 5. The Case for the Typological Approach
- 6. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- II. SYNTACTIC ISSUES
- WHY IS SYNTAX COMPLICATED?
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Types of Problems
- 3. Types of Accounts
- 3.1. Accommodating some contradictions...
- 3.2 ...without admitting all of them
- 4. Summary and Implications
- REFERENCES
- WHAT IS CATEGORIAL GRAMMAR REALLY GOOD FOR?
- REFERENCES
- THE LOGIC OF RELATIVE ADJECTIVES
- 1. Absolute and Relative Adjectives
- 2. Some Logical Analyses
- 3. Predicative Adjectives
- 4. Attributive Adjectives Revisited
- 5. Validity in Arguments
- 6. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- ON THE SUBJECT-PREDICATE STRUCTURE OF PSEUDOCLEFTS
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1 Specificational and predicational copular sentences
- 1.2 Connectedness effects
- 1.3 Lexically ambiguous copula
- 2. Recent Analyses
- 2.1 Partee's analysis
- 2.2 Williams' analysis
- 2.3 Heggie's analysis
- 3. Alleged Non-subject Properties of the Pseudocleft Clause
- 3.1 Subject-auxiliary inversion
- 3.2 Raising constructions
- 3.3 Gapping
- 4. Subject Properties of the Pseudocleft Clause
- 4.1 Tag questions
- 4.2 Multiple auxiliary verbs
- 5. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- NEGATION AND PREDICATE HEADS IN ARABIC
- 0. Introduction
- 1. Negation
- 3. Null Subjects, Agreement, and Negation
- 4. Prepositional Predicates
- 4. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- ICONICITY: MOTIVATIONS IN CHINESE GRAMMAR
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Background
- 2.1 Saussure's two principles of the linguistic sign
- 2.2 Diagrammatical iconicity and syntactic motivation
- 3. Iconic Motivations in Chinese Grammar
- 3.1 Order motivation
- 3.2 Distance motivation
- 3.3 Separateness motivation
- 3.4 Juxtaposition motivation
- 3.5 Reduplication motivation
- 4. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- HYPOTHESIZING CASE FRAME INFORMATION FOR NEW VERBS
- 1. Introduction
- 2. The Pundit System
- 3. Hypothesizing Case Frames
- 3.1 The training data
- 3.2 Hypothesizing the semantics of unknown words
- 3.3 Evaluation
- 4. Future Directions
- 4.1 Improving the parse
- 4.2 Interaction with the knowledge base
- 4.3 Acquisition of selectional restrictions
- REFERENCES
- LOCA LAMBIGUITY AND NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1 Local ambiguity
- 1.2 Syntactic framework
- 2. Simple Sentences
- 2.1 Categorialstructure
- 2.2 Relational rules and metaconditions
- 2.3 Analysis
- 3. Complex Sentences
- 3.1 Analyzahle associates
- 3.2 The association of immediate subordination
- 3.3 Analysis
- 3.4 Ordination relation signals
- 4. Parsing
- REFERENCES
- Ill. DISCOURSE ISSUES
- CONSTRUCTING A COURTROOM NARRATIVE: A LAWYER-WITNESS DUET
- REFERENCES
- SAYING IT WITH A SMILE: GIRLS' CONFLICT TALK AS DOUBLE-VOICE DISCOURSE
- 1. Introduction: Language socialization
- 2. Gender Ideology and Double-voice Discourse
- 3. Examples of Conflict Talk: Single-voice discourse
- 4. Examples of Conflict Talk: Double-voice discourse
- 5. Mixed-sex Conflict Talk: Girls as style-shifters
- 6. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- VERA HAYDEN'S DILEMMA, OR THE INDIRECTION IN DIRECT SPEECH
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Reporting What Others Say: The grammatical view
- 3. Reporting What Others Say: The performance view
- 4. Vera Hayden's Solution
- REFERENCES
- ANAPHORA IN GERMAN DISCOURSE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1 Phoric pronouns in German
- 1.2 Statement of the problem
- 13 Data base
- 2. Pragmatic Deixis
- 2.1 Topic identification
- 2.1.1 Left dislocation
- 2.1.2 Topic shift and topic continuity
- 2.1.3 Topic identification and referential distance
- 2.1.4 Anaphors and indirect speech
- 2.1.5 Context and world knowledge
- 2.2 Ordering constraints on DPs
- 2.3 Antecedentless pronouns
- 2.3.1 'Powers-that-be' pronouns
- 2.3.2 Reference by extension
- 2.4 Specific focusing functions of the DP
- 2.4.1 DPs in questions
- 2.4.2 DPs and discourse connectedness
- 2.4.3 DPs and contrastive stress
- 3. Affective Deixis
- 4. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- GENDER ASSIGNMENT IN OROMO
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Morphological Marking of Gender
- 3. Gender Assignment
- 3.1 Mechanical and semantic assignment
- 3.2 Gender Shift
- 3.3 Collectivity
- 4. Gender Assignment in Western Dialects of Oromo
- 5. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- IV. PHONOLOGICAL ISSUES
- UNDERSPECIFICATION AND PHONOLOGICAL DISORDERS
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Evidence for Children's Awareness of Distinctions
- 2.1 Systematic correspondences
- 2.2 Perception
- 2.3 Differential behavior of phonetically identical elements
- 2.4 Changes in children's phonological systems
- 3. Previous Accounts
- 4. Underspecification and Shadow-Specification
- 4.1 Underspecification
- 4.2 Shadow-specification
- 5. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- RULE ORDERING IN CHILD PHONOLOGY
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Child Phonology
- 3. Examples of Rule Orderings
- 3.1 Feeding
- 3.2 Counter-Bleeding
- 3.3 Bleeding
- 3.4 Mutual Bleeding
- 3.5 Counter-Feeding
- 4.0 Can Intrinsic Ordering Work?
- 4.1 Strata
- 4.2 Performance Factors
- 5. Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- DEFAULT FEATURES IN CONTOUR TONES: EVIDENCE FROM KRAHN/WOBÉ
- 1. Introduction
- 2. The Yip and Bao Hypotheses
- 3. Contour Tones in Krahn/Wobé
- 4. The Hyman and Duanmu Hypotheses
- 5. Underspecification and Default Features
- 6. Contour Tones in Krahn/Wobé
- REFERENCES
- LEXICAL VERSUS POSTLEXICAL RULE APPLICATION IN CATALAN
- REFERENCES
- VARIATION IN PHONOLOGICAL ASSIMILATION OF IRISH LOANWORDS
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Assimilation and Adoption
- 3. Consonants in Loanwords
- 4. Overdifferentiation
- 5. Consonant Sequences
- 6. Glides
- 7. Phonological Processes
- 8.Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- DIALECT VARIATION IN SORBÍAN REFLEXES OF THE COMMON SLAVIC jers
- 1. Introduction
- 2. The Data
- 3.The Problem
- 4. The VLR Hypothesis
- 5.Conclusion
- REFERENCES
- SUBJECT INDEX
- LANGUAGE INDEX
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