
Schaum’s Outline of Feedback and Control Systems, 2nd Edition
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Content
- Cover
- SCHAUM'S outline of Feedback and Control Systems, Third Edition
- Copyright Page
- Preface
- Contents
- Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Control Systems: What They Are
- 1.2 Examples of Control Systems
- 1.3 Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Control Systems
- 1.4 Feedback
- 1.5 Characteristics of Feedback
- 1.6 Analog and Digital Control Systems
- 1.7 The Control Systems Engineering Problem
- 1.8 Control System Models or Representations
- Chapter 2: CONTROL SYSTEMS TERMINOLOGY
- 2.1 Block Diagrams: Fundamentals
- 2.2 Block Diagrams of Continuous (Analog) Feedback Control Systems
- 2.3 Terminology of the Closed-Loop Block Diagram
- 2.4 Block Diagrams of Discrete-Time (Sampled-Data, Digital) Components, Control Systems, and Computer-Controlled Systems
- 2.5 Supplementary Terminology
- 2.6 Servomechanisms
- 2.7 Regulators
- Chapter 3: DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS, AND LINEAR SYSTEMS
- 3.1 System Equations
- 3.2 Differential Equations and Difference Equations
- 3.3 Partial and Ordinary Differential Equations
- 3.4 Time Variability and Time Invariance
- 3.5 Linear and Nonlinear Differential and Difference Equations
- 3.6 The Differential Operator D and the Characteristic Equation
- 3.7 Linear Independence and Fundamental Sets
- 3.8 Solution of Linear Constant-Coefficient Ordinary Differential Equations
- 3.9 The Free Response
- 3.10 The Forced Response
- 3.11 The Total Response
- 3.12 The Steady State and Transient Responses
- 3.13 Singularity Functions: Steps, Ramps, and Impulses
- 3.14 Second-Order Systems
- 3.15 State Variable Representation of Systems Described by Linear Differential Equations
- 3.16 Solution of Linear Constant-Coefficient Difference Equations
- 3.17 State Variable Representation of Systems Described by Linear Difference Equations
- 3.18 Linearity and Superposition
- 3.19 Causality and Physically Realizable Systems
- Chapter 4: THE LAPLACE TRANSFORM AND THE z-TRANSFORM
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 The Laplace Transform
- 4.3 The Inverse Laplace Transform
- 4.4 Some Properties of the Laplace Transform and Its Inverse
- 4.5 Short Table of Laplace Transforms
- 4.6 Application of Laplace Transforms to the Solution of Linear Constant-Coefficient Differential Equations
- 4.7 Partial Fraction Expansions
- 4.8 Inverse Laplace Transforms Using Partial Fraction Expansions
- 4.9 The z-Transform
- 4.10 Determining Roots of Polynomials
- 4.11 Complex Plane: Pole-Zero Maps
- 4.12 Graphical Evaluation of Residues
- 4.13 Second-Order Systems
- Chapter 5: STABILITY
- 5.1 Stability Definitions
- 5.2 Characteristic Root Locations for Continuous Systems
- 5.3 Routh Stability Criterion
- 5.4 Hurwitz Stability Criterion
- 5.5 Continued Fraction Stability Criterion
- 5.6 Stability Criteria for Discrete-Time Systems
- Chapter 6: TRANSFER FUNCTIONS
- 6.1 Definition of a Continuous System Transfer Function
- 6.2 Properties of a Continuous System Transfer Function
- 6.3 Transfer Functions of Continuous Control System Compensators and Controllers
- 6.4 Continuous System Time Response
- 6.5 Continuous System Frequency Response
- 6.6 Discrete-Time System Transfer Functions, Compensators and Time Responses
- 6.7 Discrete-Time System Frequency Response
- 6.8 Combining Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Elements
- Chapter 7: BLOCK DIAGRAM ALGEBRA AND TRANSFER FUNCTIONS OF SYSTEMS
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Review of Fundamentals
- 7.3 Blocks in Cascade
- 7.4 Canonical Form of a Feedback Control System
- 7.5 Block Diagram Transformation Theorems
- 7.6 Unity Feedback Systems
- 7.7 Superposition of Multiple Inputs
- 7.8 Reduction of Complicated Block Diagrams
- Chapter 8: SIGNAL FLOW GRAPHS
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Fundamentals of Signal Flow Graphs
- 8.3 Signal Flow Graph Algebra
- 8.4 Definitions
- 8.5 Construction of Signal Flow Graphs
- 8.6 The General Input-Output Gain Formula
- 8.7 Transfer Function Computation of Cascaded Components
- 8.8 Block Diagram Reduction Using Signal Flow Graphs and the General Input-Output Gain Formula
- Chapter 9: SYSTEM SENSITIVITY MEASURES AND CLASSIFICATION OF FEEDBACK SYSTEMS
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Sensitivity of Transfer Functions and Frequency Response Functions to System Parameters
- 9.3 Output Sensitivity to Parameters for Differential and Difference Equation Models
- 9.4 Classification of Continuous Feedback Systems by Type
- 9.5 Position Error Constants for Continuous Unity Feedback Systems
- 9.6 Velocity Error Constants for Continuous Unity Feedback Systems
- 9.7 Acceleration Error Constants for Continuous Unity Feedback Systems
- 9.8 Error Constants for Discrete Unity Feedback Systems
- 9.9 Summary Table for Continuous and Discrete-Time Unity Feedback Systems
- 9.10 Error Constants for More General Systems
- Chapter 10: ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEMS: OBJECTIVES AND METHODS
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Objectives of Analysis
- 10.3 Methods of Analysis
- 10.4 Design Objectives
- 10.5 System Compensation
- 10.6 Design Methods
- 10.7 The w-Transform for Discrete-Time Systems Analysis and Design Using Continuous System Methods
- 10.8 Algebraic Design of Digital Systems, Including Deadbeat Systems
- Chapter 11: NYQUIST ANALYSIS
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Plotting Complex Functions of a Complex Variable
- 11.3 Definitions
- 11.4 Properties of the Mapping P(s) or P(z)
- 11.5 Polar Plots
- 11.6 Properties of Polar Plots
- 11.7 The Nyquist Path
- 11.8 The Nyquist Stability Plot
- 11.9 Nyquist Stability Plots of Practical Feedback Control Systems
- 11.10 The Nyquist Stability Criterion
- 11.11 Relative Stability
- 11.12 M- andN-Circles
- Chapter 12: NYQUIST DESIGN
- 12.1 Design Philosophy
- 12.2 Gain Factor Compensation
- 12.3 Gain Factor Compensation Using M-Circles
- 12.4 Lead Compensation
- 12.5 Lag Compensation
- 12.6 Lag-Lead Compensation
- 12.7 Other Compensation Schemes and Combinations of Compensators
- Chapter 13: ROOT-LOCUS ANALYSIS
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Variation of Closed-Loop System Poles: The Root-Locus
- 13.3 Angle and Magnitude Criteria
- 13.4 Number of Loci
- 13.5 Real Axis Loci
- 13.6 Asymptotes
- 13.7 Breakaway Points
- 13.8 Departure and Arrival Angles
- 13.9 Construction of the Root-Locus
- 13.10 The Closed-Loop Transfer Function and the Time-Domain Response
- 13.11 Gain and Phase Margins from the Root-Locus
- 13.12 Damping Ratio from the Root-Locus for Continuous Systems
- Chapter 14: ROOT-LOCUS DESIGN
- 14.1 The Design Problem
- 14.2 Cancellation Compensation
- 14.3 Phase Compensation: Lead and Lag Networks
- 14.4 Magnitude Compensation and Combinations of Compensators
- 14.5 Dominant Pole-Zero Approximations
- 14.6 Point Design
- 14.7 Feedback Compensation
- Chapter 15: BODE ANALYSIS
- 15.1 Introduction
- 15.2 Logarithmic Scales and Bode Plots
- 15.3 The Bode Form and the Bode Gain for Continuous-Time Systems
- 15.4 Bode Plots of Simple Continuous-Time Frequency Response Functions and Their Asymptotic Approximations
- 15.5 Construction of Bode Plots for Continuous-Time Systems
- 15.6 Bode Plots of Discrete-Time Frequency Response Functions
- 15.7 Relative Stability
- 15.8 Closed-Loop Frequency Response
- 15.9 Bode Analysis of Discrete-Time Systems Using the w-Transform
- Chapter 16: BODE DESIGN
- 16.1 Design Philosophy
- 16.2 Gain Factor Compensation
- 16.3 Lead Compensation for Continuous-Time Systems
- 16.4 Lag Compensation for Continuous-Time Systems
- 16.5 Lag-Lead Compensation for Continuous-Time Systems
- 16.6 Bode Design of Discrete-Time Systems
- Chapter 17: NICHOLS CHART ANALYSIS
- 17.1 Introduction
- 17.2 db Magnitude-Phase Angle Plots
- 17.3 Construction of db Magnitude-Phase Angle Plots
- 17.4 Relative Stability
- 17.5 The Nichols Chart
- 17.6 Closed-Loop Frequency Response Functions
- Chapter 18: NICHOLS CHART DESIGN
- 18.1 Design Philosophy
- 18.2 Gain Factor Compensation
- 18.3 Gain Factor Compensation Using Constant Amplitude Curves
- 18.4 Lead Compensation for Continuous-Time Systems
- 18.5 Lag Compensation for Continuous-Time Systems
- 18.6 Lag-Lead Compensation
- 18.7 Nichols Chart Design of Discrete-Time Systems
- Chapter 19: INTRODUCTION TO NONLINEAR CONTROL SYSTEMS
- 19.1 Introduction
- 19.2 Linearized and Piecewise-Linear Approximations of Nonlinear Systems
- 19.3 Phase Plane Methods
- 19.4 Lyapunov's Stability Criterion
- 19.5 Frequency Response Methods
- Chapter 20: INTRODUCTION TO ADVANCED TOPICS IN CONTROL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
- 20.1 Introduction
- 20.2 Controllability and Observability
- 20.3 Time-Domain Design of Feedback Systems (State Feedback)
- 20.4 Control Systems with Random Inputs
- 20.5 Optimal Control Systems
- 20.6 Adaptive Control Systems
- APPENDIX A: Some Laplace Transform Pairs Useful for Control Systems Analysis
- APPENDIX B: Some z-Transform Pairs Useful for Control Systems Analysis
- REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
- APPENDIX C: SAMPLE Screens from the Companion Interactive Outline
- INDEX
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