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Computers and Data Processing provides information pertinent to the advances in the computer field. This book covers a variety of topics, including the computer hardware, computer programs or software, and computer applications systems. Organized into five parts encompassing 19 chapters, this book begins with an overview of some of the fundamental computing concepts. This text then explores the evolution of modern computing systems from the earliest mechanical calculating devices to microchips. Other chapters consider how computers present their results and explain the storage and retrieval of massive amounts of computer-accessible information from secondary storage devices. This book discusses as well the development installation, evaluation, and control of computer systems. The final chapter discusses the use of computers in the transportation systems and the ways in which they make possible other innovations in transportation. This book is a valuable resource for computer scientists, systems analysts, computer programmers, mathematicians, and computer specialists.
Language
Place of publication
Publishing group
Elsevier Science & Techn.
ISBN-13
978-1-4832-6470-7 (9781483264707)
Schweitzer Classification
¿PrefacePart One Introduction 1 The Information Revolution Introducing the Computer The Benefits The Dangers Looking to the Future A Tour of the Text Summary 2 The Evolution of Computers Early Computing Devices The Dawn of the Modern Computer Age Generations of Computers SummaryPart Two Hardware 3 The Processor The Basic Computer Processing Cycle The Central Processing Unit The Binary Number System Data Organization Machine Language Instructions The Josephson Junction: The "Computer on Ice" Consequences of Technology Biochips (Fleshware?) Summary 4 Input: Gateway to the Computer Key-to-Tape and Key-to-Disk Systems Terminal-Oriented Systems Touch Sensing Other Input Devices Source Data Automation Summary 5 Output: Getting Results from Computers Printed Reports Types of Printers Terminal-Oriented Systems Cathode Ray Tube Terminals Portable Terminals Other Types of Computer Output Applications for the Future Summary 6 Secondary Storage Magnetic Tape Storage Disk Storage Mass Storage Devices Bubble Memory Optical Disks File Organization Methods Applications for the Future Summary History How Data Communications Systems Work Asynchronous and Synchronous Data Transmission Codes Simplex, Half-Duplex, and Full-Duplex Transmission Line Speed Transmission Media Line Configuration Data Communications Networks Multiplexors Concentrators Common Carriers Expectations for the Future SummaryPart Three Software 8 Structured Programming What Is a Computer Program? The Program Development Process Structured Programming Programming Psychology Case Studies in Structured Program Development Summary 9 Programming Languages Programming Languages A Survey of High-Level Languages Query Languages A Universal Programming Language Software Packages Trends A Brief Introduction to LOGO Summary 10 Structured Systems Analysis and Design; Systems Acquisition Why Develop or Modify Systems? The Systems Life Cycle Systems Acquisition Case Study: Structured Systems Analysis and Design Summary 11 Database Management Systems, Management Information Systems, Decision Support Systems Data as a Business Resource Database Management Systems Management Information Systems Decision Support Systems Summary 12 Operating Systems Systems Programs Applications Programs Operating Systems Operating Systems Functions Batch Processing Multiuser Operating Systems Multiprogramming Channels and Interrupts Double Buffering Storage Protection Relocatable Programs Reentrant Programs Deadlock Timesharing Real-Time Systems Scheduling Print Spooling Virtual Storage Multiprocessing Security User-Friendliness Firmware Case Study 12-1: CP/M Case Study 12-2: UNIX, XENIX, MS-DOS Conclusion SummaryPart Four Computers in Business 13 Personal Computing What Is a Personal Computer? A Brief History of Personal Computing Case Study 13-1: The IBM Personal Computer Case Study 13-2: The Apple Macintosh Portable Computers Choosing a Personal Computer Personal Compute