The Handbook of Gangs

Notes on Contributors vii 1 Introduction 1 Scott H. Decker and David C. Pyrooz 2 The Logic of Defining Gangs Revisited 7 G. David Curry 3 Little Gang Research, Big Gang Research 28 David C. Pyrooz and Meghan M. Mitchell 4 Documenting Gang Activity: Intelligence Databases 59 C. Ronald Huff and Julie Barrows 5 Gang Membership in a Developmental and Life?]Course Perspective 78 Beidi Dong, Chris L. Gibson, and Marvin D. Krohn 6 Neighborhoods and Street Gangs 98 Andrew V. Papachristos and Lorine A. Hughes 7 Gangs and Social Learning Theory: What We Know, What We Need to Know, and Why it Matters 118 L. Thomas Winfree, Jr. and Adrienne Freng 8 Social Psychology of Gangs: An Intergroup Communication Perspective 136 DaJung Woo, Howard Giles, Michael A. Hogg, and Liran Goldman 9 Social Network Analysis and Gangs 157 Michael Sierra?]Arevalo and Andrew V. Papachristos 10 Gangs, Guns, and Violence: Synergistic Effects 178 Arna L. Carlock and Alan J. Lizotte 11 Gangs and Drugs: Connections, Divergence, and Culture 193 Mark S. Fleisher 12 Gender, Sexuality, and Gangs: Re?]envisioning Diversity 208 Vanessa R. Panfil and Dana Peterson 13 Joining the Gang: A Process of Supply and Demand 235 James A. Densley 14 Leaving the Gang: A Review and Thoughts on Future Research 257 Dena C. Carson and J. Michael Vecchio 15 Micro?]Level Processes of the Gang 276 Jean M. McGloin and Megan E. Collins 16 Street Gangs, Terrorists, Drug Smugglers, and Organized Crime: What's the Difference? 294 Scott H. Decker and David C. Pyrooz 17 Police Gang Units and Effective Gang Violence Reduction 309 Anthony A. Braga 18 Gangs in Correctional Institutions 328 Shytierra Gaston and Beth M. Huebner 19 Legislative Approaches to Addressing Gangs and Gang?]Related Crime 345 Beth Bjerregaard 20 The Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.A.T.) Program: An Evaluator's Perspective 369 Finn?]Aage Esbensen 21 The OJJDP Comprehensive Gang Strategy: The Comprehensive Gang Model 392 Erika Gebo, Brenda J. Bond, and Krystal S. Campos 22 The Legacy of Malcolm W. Klein 406 Cheryl L. Maxson 23 The Legacy of Irving A. Spergel 424 James C. Howell 24 The Legacy of James F. Short, Jr. 440 Lorine A. Hughes 25 The Legacy of Walter B. Miller 458 Richard K. Moule, Jr. 26 Understanding Gangs in Contemporary Latin America 478 Dennis Rodgers and Adam Baird 27 Understanding European Gangs 503 Frank van Gemert and Frank M. Weerman 28 European Responses to Gangs 520 Rob Ralphs and Hannah Smithson 29 Gangs in African, Asian, and Australian Settings 538 Angela Higginson and Kathryn Benier Author Index 558 Subject Index 572