
Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
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Content
- Title
- Preface
- Organization
- Table of Contents
- Invited Talks
- To Our Emotions, with Love: How Affective Should Affective Computing Be?
- Affect, Learning, and Delight
- Measuring Affect in the Wild
- Oral Presentations
- Affective Modeling from Multichannel Physiology: Analysis of Day Differences
- Introduction
- Day Differences and Non-stationarity of Affective Physiological Data
- Ensemble Approach for Classifying Physiological Data
- Measures, Methods, and Data
- Participants and Measures
- Procedure
- Feature Extraction and Classification Methods
- Results and Discussions
- Classification Results for Day Datasets
- Day Cross Validation Classification Results (Static Classifiers)
- Quantitative Analysis of Day Differences
- Winnow Algorithm Results
- Conclusions, Limitations and Future Work
- References
- The Dynamics between Student Affect and Behavior Occurring Outside of Educational Software
- Introduction
- Data Collection and Data Labeling
- Analysis and Results
- Overall Frequency of Behaviors and Affective States
- Transitions and Co-occurrences of Behaviors and Affective States
- Discussion and Conclusions
- References
- ikannotate - A Tool for Labelling, Transcription, and Annotation of Emotionally Coloured Speech
- Introduction
- Labelling Component
- Three Labelling Methods
- Temporal Characteristics of Emotion
- Labelling of Uncertainty
- Transcription and Annotation
- Transcription of Sentences
- Adding Annotation Features
- Output Formats
- XML File Format
- GAT Output
- Additional Tools
- PsychCreator
- ASRCreator
- Usability Tests
- Conclusion and Outlook
- References
- Being Happy, Healthy and Whole Watching Movies That Affect Our Emotions
- Introduction
- The Power of Emotions
- Emotional Impact of Videos and Movies
- Related Work
- The iFelt System
- User Study
- Conclusions and Perspectives
- References
- Investigating the Prosody and Voice Quality of Social Signals in Scenario Meetings
- Introduction
- Outline of the Methodology
- Acoustic Measures and Their Perceptual Correlates
- Perceptual Interpretation of Acoustic Measures
- Test-Running the Methodology on Controlled Data: NECA Vocal Effort Database
- Analysis of Meeting Data: AMI Meeting Corpus
- Dialogue Acts Analysis
- Speaker Roles Analysis
- Conclusions
- References
- Fast-FACS: A Computer-Assisted System to Increase Speed and Reliability of Manual FACS Coding
- Introduction
- Previous Work
- Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
- Automatic FACS Segmentation and Recognition from Video
- Fast-FACS
- Active Appearance Tracking
- Peak, Onset, and Offset Coding
- Learning a Metric for Onset/Offset Detection
- Graphical User Interface (GUI)
- Experimental Evaluations
- Inter-coder and Inter-system Agreement
- Accuracy of Estimated Onsets and Offsets
- Efficiency of Fast-FACS
- References
- A Computer Model of the Interpersonal Effect of Emotion Displayed in a Social Dilemma
- Introduction
- Background
- Models
- Evaluation
- Discussion
- References
- Agents with Emotional Intelligence for Storytelling
- Introduction
- Emotional Intelligence
- Related Work
- Conceptual Model
- Scenarios
- Summary and Future Work
- References
- "That's Aggravating, Very Aggravating": Is It Possible to Classify Behaviors in Couple Interactions Using Automatically Derived Lexical Features?
- Introduction
- The Corpus
- Methodology and Results
- Maximum Likelihood Classifier
- Classification on Reference Transcripts
- Audio Segmentation
- Classification on Audio Signal
- Lexical Significance
- Discussion
- References
- Predicting Facial Indicators of Confusion with Hidden Markov Models
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Corpus and Manual Annotations
- HMM Learning and Prediction of Student AU4
- Model Learning
- Prediction of AU4
- Discussion
- Hidden State Structure
- Limitations
- Conclusion
- References
- Recording Affect in the Field: Towards Methods and Metrics for Improving Ground Truth Labels
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Background
- Study Design
- Study Protocol
- Journaling Training
- Analysis
- Analysis of the Three Axis "In situ" Emotion Scores
- Improving Ground Truth through Triangulation of "In situ" and "End of Day" Ratings
- "In situ" and "End-of-Day" Combined Rating Analysis
- Extended Analysis: Assessing Evidence via Third Party Independent Raters
- Extended Analysis: Combining Third Party and Subject Ratings
- Conclusions
- References
- Using Individual Light Rigs to Control the Perception of a Virtual Character's Personality
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Individual Lighting Rigs
- Our Approach towards Lighting
- User Study
- Materials and Method
- Results
- Discussion and Conclusion
- References
- Call Center Stress Recognition with Person-Specific Models
- Introduction
- Background and Previous Work
- Physiological Stress and Skin Conductance
- Automatic Stress Recognition
- Study Design
- Proposed Method
- Support Vector Machines
- Changing Class Priors
- Selecting Training Samples
- Experimental Setting
- Results
- Conclusions
- References
- Are You Friendly or Just Polite? - Analysis of Smiles in Spontaneous Face-to-Face Interactions
- Introduction
- Spontaneous Face-to-Face Banking Dataset
- Participants
- Experimental Setup
- Facial Expressions Coding
- Research Questions
- Experiments
- Smile Annotation and Segmentation
- Duration and Timing
- Smile Dynamics: Rise, Sustain and Decay
- Velocity of Rise, Sustain and Decay
- Discussion and Conclusions
- References
- Multiple Instance Learning for Classification of Human Behavior Observations
- Introduction
- Proposed Approach
- Corpus
- MIL Using Diverse Density SVMs
- Feature Extraction
- Experiments
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Form as a Cue in the Automatic Recognition of Non-acted Affective Body Expressions
- Introduction
- Related Work
- The Affective Posture Recognition System
- Data Preparation
- Building the Training Set
- Building the Testing Set
- Low-Level Posture Description
- Testing Results
- Discussion and Conclusions
- References
- Design of a Virtual Reality Based Adaptive Response Technology for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Introduction
- System Design
- VR-Based Social Communication Task Module
- Real-Time Eye-Gaze Monitoring Module
- Individualized Adaptive Response Module
- Methods
- Participants
- Procedure
- Results
- Progression of VR-Based Social Communication Tasks
- Improvement in Behavioral Viewing Pattern
- Conclusion
- References
- Exploring the Relationship between Novice Programmer Confusion and Achievement
- Introduction
- Data Collection
- Data Labeling
- Model Construction and Data Relabeling
- Results and Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
- Semi-Coupled Hidden Markov Model with State-Based Alignment Strategy for Audio-Visual Emotion Recognition
- Introduction
- Feature Extraction
- Facial Feature Extraction
- Prosodic Feature Extraction
- Semi-Coupled Hidden Markov Model
- Model Formulation
- State-Based Bi-modal Alignment Strategy
- Experimental Result
- Conclusion
- References
- Associating Textual Features with Visual Ones to Improve Affective Image Classification
- Introduction
- Features for Emotional Semantics
- Textual Features
- Visual Features
- Experiments and Results
- Emotion Models
- Datasets
- Experimental Setup
- Results: Performance of Different Features
- Results: Performance of Different Combination Approaches on IAPS
- Results: Performance of Textual Features on Mirflickr2000
- Conclusion
- References
- 3D Corpus of Spontaneous Complex Mental States
- Introduction
- Motivation
- Contributions
- Related Work
- Corpus
- Methodology
- Data Acquisition
- Segmentation and Annotation
- Data Analysis
- Validation
- Analysis of Hand-Over-Face Gestures
- Discussion
- References
- Evaluating the Communication of Emotion via Expressive Gesture Copying Behaviour in an Embodied Humanoid Agent
- Introduction
- Related Work
- System Overview
- Video Analysis
- Expressive Behaviour Generation
- Movement Expressivity Mapping
- Experiment
- Overview
- Materials
- Procedure
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
- Multi-score Learning for Affect Recognition: The Case of Body Postures
- Introduction
- Multi-score Learning and Its Measurements
- Learning Methods for Multi-score Learning
- K-Nearest Neighbour
- Regression
- Artificial Neural Networks
- Multi-task Learning
- Multi-score Learning on Affective Posture: Results
- Conclusions
- References
- Multi-modal Affect Induction for Affective Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Introduction
- Methods
- Participants
- Apparatus
- Stimuli
- Design and Procedure
- Data Processing and Analysis
- Results
- Subjective Ratings
- Heart Rate
- EEG
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
- Toward a Computational Framework of Suspense and Dramatic Arc
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Dramatis Framework
- Reading a Story Element
- Searching for Failure
- Computing Likelihood of Escape
- Updating Suspense
- Knowledge Structure
- Example
- Discussion and Future Work
- References
- A Generic Emotional Contagion Computational Model
- Introduction
- Background
- Emotional Contagion (EC)
- Emotional Contagion Biases
- Related Work
- A Model for Emotional Contagion
- Contagion Filter
- Mood Updater
- Emotional Expression Filter
- Model Simulations
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Generic Physiological Features as Predictors of Player Experience
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Data Collection
- Games
- Participants
- Experimental Protocol
- Physiological Signals and Extracted Features
- Method
- Sequential Forward Feature Selection
- Neuroevolutionary Preference Learning
- Experiments
- Heart Rate Features
- Skin Conductance Features
- Conclusions
- References
- Guess What? A Game for Affective Annotation of Video Using Crowd Sourcing
- Introduction
- The Game
- Overview
- Game Play and Scoring
- Implementation Details
- Evaluation
- Data
- Labeling Pilot
- Main Experiment
- Results
- Discussion and Future Work
- References
- Modeling Learner Affect with Theoretically Grounded Dynamic Bayesian Networks
- Introduction
- Background
- Method
- Results
- Predictive Modeling
- Bayesian Networks
- Conclusion
- References
- Evaluations of Piezo Actuated Haptic Stimulations
- Introduction
- Methods
- Participants
- Apparatus
- Stimuli
- Procedure
- Data Analysis
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- The Relationship between Carelessness and Affect in a Cognitive Tutor
- Introduction
- Methods
- The Scatterplot Tutor
- Affect Observations
- Carelessness Detection
- Results
- Discussion and Conclusion
- References
- EmotionML - An Upcoming Standard for Representing Emotions and Related States
- Introduction
- Previous Work
- Syntax
- Design Principles: Self-contained Emotion Annotation
- Representations of Emotion
- Mechanism for Referring to an Emotion Vocabulary
- Meta-information
- References to the "Rest of the World"
- Time
- Representing Continuous Values and Dynamic Changes
- Vocabularies for EmotionML
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Emotion-Based Intrinsic Motivation for Reinforcement Learning Agents
- Introduction
- Background and Related Work
- Intrinsically Motivated Learning
- Emotionally Motivated Learning Agents
- Affective Reward Features
- Experiments and Results
- Discussion
- References
- The Good, the Bad and the Neutral: Affective Profile in Dialog System-User Communication
- Introduction
- Relevant Work
- Dialog System Architecture
- Affective Profiles for a Dialog System
- Experimental Method
- Experimental Results
- Conclusions
- References
- Effect of Affective Profile on Communication Patterns and Affective Expressions in Interactions with a Dialog System
- Introduction
- Relevant Research
- Experimental Settings
- Overview of Dialog System Architecture
- Characteristic of the Participants
- Experimental Procedure
- Analysed Data-Set
- Applied Annotation Tools and Resources
- Effects of Affective Profile on Users' Communication Style
- Effect of Affective Profile on Users' Expression of Affective States
- Discussion and Outlook
- References
- Persuasive Language and Virality in Social Networks
- Introduction
- Virality as a Content Dependent Phenomenon
- Virality as a Multifaceted Phenomenon
- Dataset and Virality Metrics
- Experiments
- Discussion
- Dominant Word Classes in Viral Texts
- Related Work
- Conclusions
- References
- A Multimodal Database for Mimicry Analysis
- Introduction
- Mimicry Perception Conversation Recording
- Interaction Scenario
- Procedure
- Self-report of Participants
- Synchronized Multi-sensor Recording Setup
- Audio Channels
- Camera Views
- Audio/Video Synchronization
- Annotation
- Segmentation into Episodes of Interest
- Annotation within Segments
- Overview and Availability
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Mood Recognition Based on Upper Body Posture and Movement Features
- Introduction
- Coding Body Posture and Movement
- Research Questions and Methodology
- Data Analysis
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Emotional Aware Clustering on Micro-blogging Sources
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Problem Formulation
- The SentiTweetAlgo
- Experimentation
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- A Phonetic Analysis of Natural Laughter, for Use in Automatic Laughter Processing Systems
- Motivation and Related Work
- Annotation Scheme
- Laughter Phonetic Description
- Interpersonal Differences
- Phones Used
- Phone and Airflow Phases Duration
- Conclusion and Further Work
- References
- The Impact of Music on Affect during Anger Inducing Drives
- Introduction
- Method
- Participants
- Design
- Music Selection
- Anger Drive
- Dependent Variables
- Procedure
- Results
- Subjective Self-report
- Autonomic Variables
- Discussion and Conclusion
- References
- Unsupervised Temporal Segmentation of Talking Faces Using Visual Cues to Improve Emotion Recognition
- Introduction
- Proposed Method
- Histogram of Local Binary Patterns
- Integrated Gradient Histogram
- Time Series Data Segmentation
- Methods to Improve Emotion Recognition
- Experiments and Results
- Database
- Results
- Conclusions
- References
- The Affective Experience of Handling Digital Fabrics: Tactile and Visual Cross-Modal Effects
- Introduction
- Background: The Affective Experience of Handling Fabrics
- Experiment
- Protocol
- Analysis
- Results
- Conclusions
- References
- Ranking vs. Preference: A Comparative Study of Self-reporting
- Introduction
- Self-reporting
- Ranking
- Preference
- User Survey Case Studies
- System Instrumentation
- Self-reported Post-Experience
- The Playware Case Study
- The Maze-Ball Case Study
- Case Study Dissimilarities
- Results and Analysis
- H1 Test Statistic
- H2 Test Statistics
- Playware
- Maze-Ball
- Discussion
- References
- Poster Papers
- Towards a Generic Framework for Automatic Measurements of Web Usability Using Affective Computing Techniques
- Introduction
- Background
- Measuring Usability
- Proposed Framework
- Method and Data
- Primary Results and Discussion
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Simulating Affective Behaviours : An Approach Based on the COR Theory
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Proposed Model
- Principle of the Model
- Definitions
- Architecture
- Needs and Behaviour Selection
- Computation of Behaviour's Payoff
- Individual Parameters Influencing Behaviours' Payoff
- Behaviour Selection and Need Value Update
- Directions for Evaluation Procedures
- Discussion and Future Work
- References
- Emotional Investment in Naturalistic Data Collection
- Introduction
- Simulated Car Driving
- Experimental Setup
- Subjects
- Procedure
- Discussion
- Remotely-Controlled Flying
- Experimental Setup
- Subjects
- Procedure
- Data Analysis
- Discussion
- Recommendations
- Location
- Scenario
- Secondary Task
- Data Collection and Analysis
- Conclusion
- References
- When Do We Smile? Analysis and Modeling of the Nonverbal Context of Listener Smiles in Conversation
- Introduction
- Nonverbal Context of Smiles in Human-Human Conversation
- Corpus
- Categories of Smiles
- The Nonverbal Context of the Smile Categories
- Discussion
- Predicting the Timing of Smiles in Human-Human Conversation
- Approach
- Results and Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Emotional Cognitive Architectures
- Introduction
- Cognitive Criteria Meet Emotions
- Emotions and Emotional Learning Mechanisms in CELTS
- CELTS' Long Route (LR)
- CELTS' Short Route (SR)
- Expectation Codelets
- Is CELTS an Emotional Cognitive Architecture?
- Conclusion
- References
- Kalman Filter-Based Facial Emotional Expression Recognition
- Introduction
- Facial Features for Emotion Recognition
- State-Space Model For Emotion Recognition
- Model Overview
- Emotion Recognition
- Model Parameters Estimation
- Experiment Results and Evaluation
- Material
- Dimensionality of the Facial Emotional Expression Hidden States
- Recognition Performance
- Conclusion and Discussion
- References
- SARA: Social Affective Relational Agent: A Study on the Role of Empathy in Artificial Social Agents
- Introduction
- Related Work
- A Model for Empathy Regarding Social Penetration
- Empathic Appraisal
- Empathic Response
- User-Agent Interaction
- Evaluation
- Test Scenarios
- Design and Procedure
- Results
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Learning General Preference Models from Physiological Responses in Video Games: How Complex Is It?
- Introduction
- Case Studies
- MazeBall Dataset
- TORCS Dataset
- Physiological Features
- Cross Validation
- Affective Preference Model
- Linear Model LDA
- Non-linear Model Neuro Evolution
- Feature Selection
- Sequential Forward Selection
- Genetic Feature Selection
- Results and Conclusion
- References
- Towards Real-Time Affect Detection Based on Sample Entropy Analysis of Expressive Gesture
- Introduction
- Background
- Bounding Triangle
- Dynamic Expressive Behavior Analysis
- Entropy Measure
- Realtime Implementation
- Extracting Bounding Triangle Form Human Silhouette
- Extracting Dynamic Features: Smoothness and Symmetry Index
- Computing SampEn
- Output
- Conclusion
- References
- Predicting Learner Engagement during Well-Defined and Ill-Defined Computer-Based Intercultural Interactions
- Introduction
- The Link of Engagement to Learning
- Methodology
- Procedure
- Dependent Measures
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion and Recommended Future Research
- References
- Context-Independent Facial Action Unit Recognition Using Shape and Gabor Phase Information
- Introduction
- Feature Extraction
- Geometry-Based Features
- Appearance-Based Features
- Combination of Geometry-Based and Appearance-Based Features
- Feature Selection and Classification
- Experiments
- Conclusion
- References
- Conveying Emotion with Moving Images: Relationship between Movement and Emotion
- Introduction
- Related Work
- MPM
- Moving Effects of MPM
- Moving Effect Elements (Vertex Noise)
- Experiment
- Still Image
- Moving Effect
- Sound Data
- Moving Image
- Procedure
- Results
- Difference in Emotion Conveyed among Still Images
- Movement in Conveying Emotion
- Emotion
- Discussion
- Role of Elements
- Emotion
- Future Works
- References
- Hybrid Fusion Approach for Detecting Affects from Multichannel Physiology
- Introduction
- Background
- Multimodal Information Fusion
- Information Fusion in Affective Computing
- Data Collection: Participants, Sensors, Procedure
- Computational Model
- Feature Extraction, Selection and Classification
- Hybrid Information Fusion
- Results and Discussions
- Conclusion and Future Works
- References
- Investigating the Suitability of Social Robots for the Wellbeing of the Elderly
- Introduction
- Literature Review
- Focus Groups and Home Studies
- Results
- Conclusion
- References
- The Effects of Emotionally Worded Synthesized Speech on the Ratings of Emotions and Voice Quality
- Introduction
- Methods
- Participants
- Equipment and Physiological Measurement
- Stimuli
- Experimental Procedure
- Data Preprocessing and Analysis
- Results
- Ratings of Emotional Experiences
- Ratings of Voice Quality
- Electromyographic Responses
- Discussion
- References
- Evaluating a Cognitive-Based Affective Student Model
- Introduction
- Modelling User's Emotions
- Emotions' Inference
- Experiment Protocol
- Evaluation Results
- Discussion and Conclusions
- References
- Audio Visual Emotion Recognition Based on Triple-Stream Dynamic Bayesian Network Models
- Introduction
- Audio Visual Feature Extraction
- Audio Features
- Visual Features
- Triple Stream Asynchronous DBN (T_AsyDBN) Model
- Experiments and Results
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Author Index
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