Sarcopenia
Description
An in-depth examination of sarcopenia's underexplored yet widespread impact within the field of gerontology
Sarcopenia is common in older men and women, and yet awareness of its clinical relevance is still relatively low. Only formally included in the International Classification of Diseases in 2016, the condition may impact societies with serious health-related and financial consequences unless consistent, effective methods of identification and management are adopted.
This second edition of Sarcopenia provides geriatricians and other healthcare professionals with a revised and expanded examination of this understudied and underdiagnosed condition. Edited by two leading authorities on the subject, it covers the epidemiology and diagnosis of sarcopenia, as well as treatment options and possible prevention strategies. Eight newly written chapters build upon existing knowledge with fresh data on topics including sarcopenia's biomarkers and its impact on the healthcare economy. This important text:
* Defines sarcopenia and explains its clinical relevance
* Covers all recent scientific evidence
* Outlines treatment options
* Considers prevention strategies
* Discusses sarcopenia as a public health priority
* Features eight new chapters covering topics such as sarcopenia's clinical management, its biomarkers, and its financial impact
Containing vital information for clinicians and other professionals working in geriatric care, nursing homes, nutrition, cancer, endocrinology, surgery, sports medicine and many other specialties, Sarcopenia, second edition, is a groundbreaking and essential new resource.
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Other editions
Additional editions
Persons
Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, MD, Professor, Geriatrics, Universidad Europea de Madrid, and Director of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
John E. Morley, MD, Professor, Geriatrics, St Louis University Medical School, St Louis, MO, USA.
Content
List of Contributors vii
Preface xiii
1 Definitions of Sarcopenia 1
Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, Beatriz Montero-Errasquin and John E. Morley
2 Epidemiology of Muscle Mass Loss with Age 11
Marjolein Visser
3 The Role of Mitochondria in Age-Related Sarcopenia 19
Luigi Ferrucci, Marta Zampino, Paul Coen and Bret H. Goodpaster
4 Motor Unit Remodeling 35
Ben Kirk and Mathew Piasecki
5 Nutrition, Protein Turnover and Muscle Mass 45
Stéphane Walrand, Christelle Guillet and Yves Boirie
6 Recognizing Persons at Risk for Sarcopenia 63
John E. Morley
7 Adverse Outcomes and Functional Consequences of Sarcopenia 71
Jean Woo
8 A Lifecourse Approach to Sarcopenia 77
Richard Dodds and Avan Aihie Sayer
9 Acute Sarcopenia 95
Beatrice Gasperini, Stefano Volpato and Antonio Cherubini
10 Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Intrinsic Capacity 115
Jurgen M. Bauer and Cornel Sieber
11 Osteosarcopenia 127
Ben Kirk, Jesse Zanker, Steven Phu and Gustavo Duque
12 Sarcopenic Obesity 147
Mauro Zamboni, Federica Macchi, Nicole Nori and Andrea P. Rossi
13 Sarcopenia and Cognitive Impairment 157
Liang-Kung Chen
14 Sarcopenia and Other Chronic Organ Diseases 175
Hidenori Arai
15 Imaging of Skeletal Muscle 185
Thomas F. Lang
16 Measurements of Muscle Mass, Equations and Cut-off Points 199
Marjolein Visser and Laura Schaap
17 Deuterated Creatine Dilution to Assess Muscle Mass (D3-Cr Muscle Mass) in Humans: Methods, Early Results, and Future Directions 227
Peggy M. Cawthon and William J. Evans
18 Measurement of Muscle Strength and Power 239
Michael Drey, Sandra Helmers and Jürgen M. Bauer
19 Measurements of Physical Performance 253
Laura Orlandini, Yves Rolland and Matteo Cesari
20 Biomarkers for Physical Frailty and Sarcopenia: A "Two-Body Problem" 271
Anna Picca, Riccardo Calvani and Emanuele Marzetti
21 Quality of Life and Sarcopenia 279
Charlotte Beaudart, Jean-Yves Reginster, Olivier Bruyère and Anton Geerinck
22 Exercise Interventions to Prevent and Improve Sarcopenia 305
Mark D. Peterson and Jose A. Serra
23 Nutritional Approaches to Treat Sarcopenia 335
Tommy Cederholm, Jurgen M. Bauer and Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft
24 Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) and Sarcopenia 355
Francesco Landi, Riccardo Calvani, Anna Picca and Emanuele Marzetti
25 The Future of Drug Treatments 367
Francesco Landi, Graziano Onder and Rolland Yves
26 Sarcopenia: Is It Preventable? 403
Stany Perkisas, Keliane Liberman, Ivan Bautmans and Maurits Vandewoude
27 Financial Impact of Sarcopenia 421
Kristina Norman
28 Sarcopenia Management for Clinicians 433
Renuka Visvanathan and Solomon Yu
Index 441
List of Contributors
Hidenori Arai
National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
Jürgen M. Bauer
Center for Geriatric Medicine and Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
Ivan Bautmans
Frailty in Ageing Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Charlotte Beaudart
Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health aspects of musculo-skeletal health and ageing, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
Yves Boirie
Université Clermont Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
INRA, UMR 1019, Unite de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Nutrition Clinique, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Olivier Bruyère
Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health aspects of musculo-skeletal health and ageing, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
Riccardo Calvani
Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Teaching Hospital "Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli" at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Peggy M. Cawthon
California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
Tommy Cederholm
Theme Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Matteo Cesari
Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Unità di Medicina Interna ad Indirizzo Geriatrico, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy
Liang-Kung Chen
Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Antonio Cherubini
Geriatria, Accettazione Geriatrica e Centro di ricerca per l'invecchiamento IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
Paul Coen
Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL, USA
Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft
Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Richard Dodds
AGE Research Group, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, UK
Michael Drey
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
Gustavo Duque
Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
William J. Evans
Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
Division of Geriatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
Luigi Ferrucci
Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
Beatrice Gasperini
Department of Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Santa Croce Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Fano, Italy
Anton Geerinck
Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health aspects of musculo-skeletal health and ageing, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
Bret H. Goodpaster
Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL, USA
Christelle Guillet
Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Nutrition Clinique, CRNH Auvergne, INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Sandra Helmers
Assistance Systems and Medical Device Technology, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
Ben Kirk
Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Francesco Landi
Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Teaching Hospital "Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli" at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Thomas F. Lang
UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
Keliane Liberman
Frailty in Ageing Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Federica Macchi
Department of Medicine, Geriatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Emanuele Marzetti
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Rome, Italy
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Teaching Hospital "Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli", Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Beatriz Montero-Errasquín
Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
John E. Morley
Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
Nicole Nori
Department of Medicine, Geriatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Kristina Norman
Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
Graziano Onder
Department of Geriatrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Laura Orlandini
Health Care of the Older Person, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
Stany Perkisas
Geriatric Medicine, Medical School, Department Geriatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
Mark D. Peterson
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan-Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Mathew Piasecki
Clinical, Metabolic and Molecular Physiology, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Anna Picca
Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Teaching Hospital "Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli" at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Steven Phu
Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Jean-Yves Reginster
Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health aspects of musculoskeletal health and ageing, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
Andrea P. Rossi
Department of Medicine, Geriatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Avan Aihie Sayer
AGE Research Group, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle, UK
Laura Schaap
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
José A. Serra
Chair Geriatric Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Complutense, CIBER-FES, Madrid, Spain
Cornel Sieber
Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
Maurits Vandewoude
Geriatric Medicine, Medical School, Department Geriatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
Marjolein Visser
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
R. Visvanathan
Adelaide Geriatrics Training and Research with Aged Care (G-TRAC Centre), Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence on Frailty and Healthy Ageing, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Aged & Extended Care Services, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Stefano Volpato
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
Stéphane Walrand
Université Clermont Auvergne,...
