
Learning R
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Content
- Intro
- Copyright
- Table of Contents
- Preface
- About This Book
- What Is in This Book
- Which Chapters Should I Read?
- Conventions Used in This Book
- Goals, Summaries, Quizzes, and Exercises
- Using Code Examples
- Safari® Books Online
- How to Contact Us
- Acknowledgments
- Part I. The R Language
- Chapter 1. Introduction
- Chapter Goals
- What Is R?
- Installing R
- Choosing an IDE
- Emacs + ESS
- Eclipse/Architect
- RStudio
- Revolution-R
- Live-R
- Other IDEs and Editors
- Your First Program
- How to Get Help in R
- Installing Extra Related Software
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 2. A Scientific Calculator
- Chapter Goals
- Mathematical Operations and Vectors
- Assigning Variables
- Special Numbers
- Logical Vectors
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 3. Inspecting Variables and Your Workspace
- Chapter Goals
- Classes
- Different Types of Numbers
- Other Common Classes
- Checking and Changing Classes
- Examining Variables
- The Workspace
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 4. Vectors, Matrices, and Arrays
- Chapter Goals
- Vectors
- Sequences
- Lengths
- Names
- Indexing Vectors
- Vector Recycling and Repetition
- Matrices and Arrays
- Creating Arrays and Matrices
- Rows, Columns, and Dimensions
- Row, Column, and Dimension Names
- Indexing Arrays
- Combining Matrices
- Array Arithmetic
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 5. Lists and Data Frames
- Chapter Goals
- Lists
- Creating Lists
- Atomic and Recursive Variables
- List Dimensions and Arithmetic
- Indexing Lists
- Converting Between Vectors and Lists
- Combining Lists
- NULL
- Pairlists
- Data Frames
- Creating Data Frames
- Indexing Data Frames
- Basic Data Frame Manipulation
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 6. Environments and Functions
- Chapter Goals
- Environments
- Functions
- Creating and Calling Functions
- Passing Functions to and from Other Functions
- Variable Scope
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 7. Strings and Factors
- Chapter Goals
- Strings
- Constructing and Printing Strings
- Formatting Numbers
- Special Characters
- Changing Case
- Extracting Substrings
- Splitting Strings
- File Paths
- Factors
- Creating Factors
- Changing Factor Levels
- Dropping Factor Levels
- Ordered Factors
- Converting Continuous Variables to Categorical
- Converting Categorical Variables to Continuous
- Generating Factor Levels
- Combining Factors
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 8. Flow Control and Loops
- Chapter Goals
- Flow Control
- if and else
- Vectorized if
- Multiple Selection
- Loops
- repeat Loops
- while Loops
- for Loops
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 9. Advanced Looping
- Chapter Goals
- Replication
- Looping Over Lists
- Looping Over Arrays
- Multiple-Input Apply
- Instant Vectorization
- Split-Apply-Combine
- The plyr Package
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 10. Packages
- Chapter Goals
- Loading Packages
- The Search Path
- Libraries and Installed Packages
- Installing Packages
- Maintaining Packages
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 11. Dates and Times
- Chapter Goals
- Date and Time Classes
- POSIX Dates and Times
- The Date Class
- Other Date Classes
- Conversion to and from Strings
- Parsing Dates
- Formatting Dates
- Time Zones
- Arithmetic with Dates and Times
- Lubridate
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Part II. The Data Analysis Workflow
- Chapter 12. Getting Data
- Chapter Goals
- Built-in Datasets
- Reading Text Files
- CSV and Tab-Delimited Files
- Unstructured Text Files
- XML and HTML Files
- JSON and YAML Files
- Reading Binary Files
- Reading Excel Files
- Reading SAS, Stata, SPSS, and MATLAB Files
- Reading Other File Types
- Web Data
- Sites with an API
- Scraping Web Pages
- Accessing Databases
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 13. Cleaning and Transforming
- Chapter Goals
- Cleaning Strings
- Manipulating Data Frames
- Adding and Replacing Columns
- Dealing with Missing Values
- Converting Between Wide and Long Form
- Using SQL
- Sorting
- Functional Programming
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 14. Exploring and Visualizing
- Chapter Goals
- Summary Statistics
- The Three Plotting Systems
- Scatterplots
- Take 1: base Graphics
- Take 2: lattice Graphics
- Take 3: ggplot2 Graphics
- Line Plots
- Histograms
- Box Plots
- Bar Charts
- Other Plotting Packages and Systems
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 15. Distributions and Modeling
- Chapter Goals
- Random Numbers
- The sample Function
- Sampling from Distributions
- Distributions
- Formulae
- A First Model: Linear Regressions
- Comparing and Updating Models
- Plotting and Inspecting Models
- Other Model Types
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 16. Programming
- Chapter Goals
- Messages, Warnings, and Errors
- Error Handling
- Debugging
- Testing
- RUnit
- testthat
- Magic
- Turning Strings into Code
- Turning Code into Strings
- Object-Oriented Programming
- S3 Classes
- Reference Classes
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Chapter 17. Making Packages
- Chapter Goals
- Why Create Packages?
- Prerequisites
- The Package Directory Structure
- Your First Package
- Documenting Packages
- Checking and Building Packages
- Maintaining Packages
- Summary
- Test Your Knowledge: Quiz
- Test Your Knowledge: Exercises
- Part III. Appendixes
- Appendix A. Properties of Variables
- Appendix B. Other Things to Do in R
- Appendix C. Answers to Quizzes
- Appendix D. Solutions to Exercises
- Bibliography
- Index
- About the Author
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