Towards A Semantic Web

List of figures and tables Figures Authors Chapter 1: Changing knowledge systems in the era of the social web From print to digital text Distributed knowledge systems: the changing role of the university About this book Chapter 2: Frameworks for knowledge representation Putting things in order Introducing the semantic web Towards a framing of semantics Chapter 3: The meaning of meaning: alternative disciplinary perspectives Linguistic semantics Cognitive semantics Social semantics Computational semantics Chapter 4: What does the digital do to knowledge making? The work of knowledge representation in the age of its digital reproducibility The old and the new in the representation of meaning in the era of its digital reproduction The hyperbole of the virtual The hype in hypertext The mechanics of rendering A new navigational order Multimodality The ubiquity of recording and documentation A shift in the balance of representational agency A new dynamics of difference Conclusions Chapter 5: Books and journal articles: the textual practices of academic knowledge The role of knowledge representation in knowledge design The scholarly monograph The academic journal Future knowledge systems Conclusions Chapter 6: Textual representations and knowledge support-systems in research intensive networks Introduction Towards an ontology of knowledge The theory of hierarchically complex systems Research knowledge and the dynamics of hierarchically complex systems Implications for managing research enterprises in a knowledge society Public knowledge and the notion of a public knowledge space Public knowledge and contextual information management practices Public knowledge and the role of knowledge brokering Conclusions Appendix: a preliminary ontology for research knowledge support; Chapter 7: An historical introduction to formal knowledge systems Pre-modernity: logical lineages Early modernity: the mechanisation of thought Crises in modernity: the order of logic and the chaos of history Chapter 8: Contemporary dilemmas: tables versus webs Ordering the world by relations Early threads of the semantic web Shifting trends or status quo? Systems of knowledge: modern and postmodern Knowledge systems in social context Chapter 9: Upper-level ontologies A survey of upper-level ontologies A dialogical account of ontology engineering Conclusions: assessing commensurability Appendix: upper-level ontologies- supplementary data Chapter 10: Describing knowledge domains: a case study of biological ontologies Biological ontologies Biological cultures, ontological cultures Ontological objects Towards compromise: ontologies in practice Chapter 11: On commensurability A world of 'material intangibles': social structures, conceptual schemes and cultural perspectives De-structuring critiques: struggling with systems, structures and schemes Interlude: constructions of science Elastic structures: linking the linguistic, the cognitive and the social Towards a framework... Chapter 12: A framework for commensurability What to measure-describing 'ontological cultures' Presenting a framework for commensurability Applying the framework Chapter 13: Creating an interlanguage of the social web The discursive practice of markup Structural markup Metamarkup: developing markup frameworks Developing an interlanguage mechanism Schema alignment for semantic publishing: the example of Common Ground Markup Language What tagging schemas do Interlanguage Chapter 14: Interoperability and the exchange of humanly usable digital content Introduction The transformation of digital content The XML-based interlanguage approach: two examples The ontology-based interlanguage approach: OntoMerge Evaluating approaches to interoperability Addressing the translation problem: emergent possibilities Conclusions Acknowledgements Chapter 15: Framing a new agenda for semantic publishing The academic language game Disciplinarity, or the reason why strategically unnatural language is sometimes p