Applied Cryptography and Network Security

Name: Applied Cryptography and Network Security | 18th International Conference, ACNS 2020, Rome, Italy, October 19-22, 2020, Proceedings, Part I
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18th International Conference, ACNS 2020, Rome, Italy, October 19-22, 2020, Proceedings, Part I

Mauro Conti Jianying Zhou Emiliano Casalicchio Angelo Spognardi(Editor)

Springer (Publisher)

Published on 26. August 2020

XIX, 504 pages

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978-3-030-57808-4 (ISBN)

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Content

Intro
Preface
Organization
Contents - Part I
Contents - Part II
I Cryptographic Protocols
Communication-Efficient Proactive Secret Sharing for Dynamic Groups with Dishonest Majorities
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Mixed Adversaries
2.2 Security Properties
2.3 Definitions for Verifiable, Proactive, and Dynamic PSS
2.4 Homomorphic Commitments and VSS
2.5 Bivariate Polynomials
3 Batched PSS for a Static Group with a Dishonest Majority
3.1 The Issue with the Number of Shared Secrets
3.2 Batched Gradual Secret Sharing Against Mixed Adversaries
4 Efficient Batched PSS Using Bivariate Polynomials
4.1 The Share Protocol
4.2 The Recover Protocol
4.3 The Reconstruct Protocol
4.4 The Refresh Protocol
References
Random Walks and Concurrent Zero-Knowledge
1 Introduction
1.1 Our Contribution
1.2 Related Work
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Optimistic Concurrent Zero-Knowledge
2.2 Random Walks in One Dimension
2.3 Azuma's Inequality
2.4 Canonical Protocol and Slots
3 Modeling the Network
3.1 Optimal Termination and the 1-Slot Model
4 Random Walks with Reflection at the Origin
4.1 Concentration Bounds for Positive Movements
5 Analysis of Rosen-Shelat Protocol
5.1 Bounding Optimal Sessions
5.2 Markov Chain Approach
6 Our Protocol and Simulator
6.1 Bounding Optimal Sessions for Our Protocol
7 Experimental Simulations
References
Secure and Efficient Delegation of Elliptic-Curve Pairing
1 Introduction
2 Notations and Definitions
2.1 Pairings
2.2 Delegation Protocols: Definitions
3 Delegating Pairings with One Offline Input
3.1 Protocol Scenario: (A Public Online, B Public Offline)
3.2 Protocol Scenario: (A Private Online, B Public Offline)
3.3 Protocol Scenario: (A Private Online, B Private Offline)
4 Delegating Pairings with Online Inputs
5 Conclusions
References
I Cryptographic Primitives
Tweaking Key-Alternating Feistel Block Ciphers
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Notation and General Definitions
2.2 Security Definitions
2.3 H-Coefficient Technique
3 Approach Overview
4 Birthday-Bound Security for Four Rounds
5 Beyond-Birthday-Bound Security for Ten Rounds
6 Conclusion and Open Discussions
References
Lesamnta-LW Revisited: Improved Security Analysis of Primitive and New PRF Mode
1 Introduction
2 Searching for Truncated Differentials with MILP
3 Security Analysis of Lesamnta-LW-BC
3.1 Improved Bounds of the Number of Active S-boxes
3.2 Security Analysis of Shuffle Operation
4 New PRF Mode Based on Lesamnta-LW-BC
4.1 Description of Mode
4.2 Security in the Standard Model
4.3 Security in the Ideal Model
5 Discussion and Conclusion
5.1 Related-Key Security of Lesamnta-LW-BC
5.2 Insecurity of Similar Constructions as Our Mode
5.3 Concluding Remarks
References
Efficient AGCD-Based Homomorphic Encryption for Matrix and Vector Arithmetic
1 Introduction
1.1 Approximate-GCD Problem and Variants
1.2 Our Scheme
1.3 Optimizations, Implementation and Applications
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Related Work
2.2 Approximate GCD and Related Distributions
3 Our Scheme
3.1 Making BBL17 Practical
3.2 The Procedures
3.3 Correctness of Decryption
3.4 Homomorphic Properties
3.5 Analysis of the Accumulated Error
4 Security Analysis
4.1 Hardness of Approximate GCD Implies Semantic Security
4.2 Distribution of the Noise Term of Randomized AGCD
4.3 Practical Security Estimate
5 Choosing the Parameters
6 Implementation, Performance, and Applications
6.1 General Performance
6.2 Nondeterministic Finite-State Automaton Evaluation
6.3 Naïve Bayes Classification
7 Conclusion
References
Trapdoor Delegation and HIBE from Middle-Product LWE in Standard Model
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 IBE and HIBE: Syntax and Security
2.2 Lattices and Gaussian Distributions
2.3 Degree-Parametrized Middle-Product Learning with Errors
2.4 Lattice Trapdoor Generation for DMPLWE
3 Trapdoor Delegation for Polynomials
3.1 Description
3.2 Elementary Trapdoor Delegation
3.3 SampleTrap
4 DMPLWE-based HIBE in Standard Model
4.1 Construction
4.2 Correctness and Parameters
4.3 Security Analysis
5 Conclusions
References
I Attacks on Cryptographic Primitives
Rotational Cryptanalysis on MAC Algorithm Chaskey
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries and Related Work
2.1 Even-Mansour Ciphers
2.2 Markov Ciphers and Differential Cryptanalysis
2.3 Attack Settings
3 Rotational Cryptanalysis and Generalized Markov Ciphers
3.1 Markov Theory and Rotational Cryptanalysis
3.2 Rotational Attack
4 The MAC Algorithm Chaskey
4.1 Chaskey
4.2 Markov Theory and Chaskey
4.3 Previous Attacks on Chaskey
5 Application to Chaskey
5.1 Calculating the Rotational Probability
5.2 Attack Scenarios
6 Conclusions and Future Work
References
How Not to Create an Isogeny-Based PAKE
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Isogeny-Based Cryptography
2.2 SIDH
2.3 CSIDH
3 Attacks on (C)SIDH-EKE
3.1 (C)SIDH-EKE
3.2 Offline Dictionary Attacks on SIDH-EKE
3.3 Offline Dictionary Attacks on CSIDH-EKE
3.4 Man-in-the-middle Attack on Modified CSIDH-EKE
3.5 On EKE Security
4 Other DH Variants
4.1 DH-SPEKE and Dragonfly
4.2 DH-PAK and DH-JPAKE
5 Auxiliary Point Obfuscation for SIDH
6 Conclusion
References
ACE in Chains: How Risky Is CBC Encryption of Binary Executable Files?
1 Introduction
1.1 Our Contributions
1.2 Responsible Disclosure
2 Background
2.1 CBC Mode and Malleability
2.2 Executable File Basis
3 Our Attack
3.1 Attack Conditions
3.2 Linux
3.3 Windows
4 Proof of Concept
4.1 Linux
4.2 Windows
5 Practicality
5.1 OpenSSL
5.2 File Encryption Software
5.3 Storage Encryption
6 Mitigation
7 Discussion and Future Work
References
Classical Misuse Attacks on NIST Round 2 PQC
1 Introduction
2 Notation
3 Plaintext-Checking Attack
4 LAC
4.1 LAC-CPA
4.2 KR-PCA
4.3 Remarks and Results
5 CRYSTALS-Kyber
5.1 Kyber-CPA
5.2 KR-PCA
5.3 Efficiency and Implementation
6 SABER
6.1 SABER-CPA
6.2 KR-PCA
6.3 Efficiency and Implementation
7 RQC
7.1 Rank-Based Cryptography
7.2 RQC Scheme
7.3 KR-PCA
7.4 Hardness of Learning in the Rank Metric
8 Conclusion
References
I Encryption and Signature
Offline Witness Encryption with Semi-adaptive Security
1 Introduction
1.1 Our Contributions
1.2 Our Approach
1.3 Application of Semi-adaptive Offline Witness Encryption
1.4 Open Problems
1.5 Related Work
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Notations and Conventions
2.2 Offline Witness Encryption
2.3 Obfuscation
2.4 Puncturable Tag-Based Encryption
3 Offline Witness Encryption Construction
4 Realising Our Scheme
4.1 Kiltz' Tag Based Encryption Scheme
5 Extractable Offline Witness Encryption
5.1 Construction
6 Conclusions
References
Efficient Anonymous Multi-group Broadcast Encryption
1 Introduction
1.1 Issues Regarding Previous Schemes
1.2 Our Contributions
2 Related Work
3 Preliminaries
3.1 Bilinear Map
3.2 P-Decisional Bilinear Diffie-Hellman (P-DBDH) ch13Ducas10,ch13KHPP16
3.3 External Diffie-Hellman (XDH) ch13PL11,ch13Water09
4 Syntax and Security Definitions for Anonymous Multi-group Broadcast Encryption
5 Proposed Anonymous Multi-group Broadcast Encryption
5.1 Anonymous Multi-group Broadcast Encryption Scheme
5.2 Proof of Security
6 Performance Analysis and Comparison
6.1 Performance Analysis
6.2 Comparison
7 Conclusion
References
Improving the Efficiency of Re-randomizable and Replayable CCA Secure Public Key Encryption
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Re-randomizable and Replayable CCA Secure Public Key Encryption
4 Our Rand-RCCA PKE Scheme
4.1 Proof of Theorem1 (RCCA Security)
5 PP04 Encryption Scheme Is Not Rand-RCCA
References
New Methods and Abstractions for RSA-Based Forward Secure Signatures
1 Introduction
1.1 Further Related Work Discussion
2 Definitions
3 Number Theoretic Assumptions
4 RSA Sequencers
5 Our Sequencer Construction
5.1 The SeqProgram Algorithm
6 An Efficient Scheme in the Random Oracle Model
6.1 Construction
7 Streamlined Signatures in the Standard Model
7.1 Construction
8 Performance Evaluation
8.1 Some Comparisons and Conclusions
References
I Blockchain and Cryptocurrency
Minting Mechanism for Proof of Stake Blockchains
1 Introduction
1.1 Our Contributions
1.2 Technical Overview
1.3 Related Work
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Rational Security
2.2 A Primer on Auction Theory
2.3 Waiting-Time Auction
3 Minting Mechanisms and Analysis
4 Our Minting Protocol
4.1 Minting Protocol Description and Analysis
4.2 Discussion on Different Adversarial Behaviours
5 Implementation
5.1 Benchmarking
References
Timed Signatures and Zero-Knowledge Proofs-Timestamping in the Blockchain Era-
1 Introduction
2 The Model
3 Weak Block Unpredictability (WBU)
4 The (Weak) Beacon Functionality and Construction
5 Timed Signatures (TSign)
References
I Secure Multi-party Computation
An Efficient Secure Division Protocol Using Approximate Multi-bit Product and New Constant-Round Building Blocks
1 Introduction
1.1 Our Contribution
2 Preliminaries and Settings
2.1 Notations
2.2 Secret Sharing
2.3 Adversary Model
2.4 Building Blocks
3 Construction of Division Protocol
3.1 Goldschmidt's Method
3.2 Approximate Multi-bit Product - MultBit protocol
3.3 Multi-fan-in MultBit protocol
3.4 Goldschmidt's Method Using Multi-fan-in MultBit
3.5 Error Analysis
3.6 Correction of Rounding Errors - ErrorCorrect
3.7 Summary of Division protocol
3.8 Division for Fixed Point Numbers
4 Constant-Round Building Blocks
4.1 List of Subprotocols
4.2 Pow
4.3 Equal_one
4.4 assump_Overflow
4.5 Overflow
4.6 Comparison with Related Works
5 Evaluations of Efficiency
5.1 Round Complexity
5.2 Data Transfer and Execution Time
5.3 Comparison with Related Works
6 Future Work
References
Improved Building Blocks for Secure Multi-party Computation Based on Secret Sharing with Honest Majority
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Preliminaries
4 Array Access at a Private Location
4.1 General Construction
4.2 Custom Three-Party Construction
5 Multiplication
5.1 Linear-Communication Multiplication
5.2 Alternative Multiplication
6 Performance Evaluation
7 Conclusions
References
A Practical Approach to the Secure Computation of the Moore-Penrose Pseudoinverse over the Rationals
1 Introduction
1.1 Related Work
2 Preliminaries
3 Block-Recursive Elimination
3.1 Correctness Analysis
3.2 Complexity Analysis
4 Computing the Moore-Penrose Pseudoinverse
4.1 Computing the Common Denominator
4.2 Bound on the Modulus
4.3 Symmetric Preconditioning
4.4 Construction
4.5 Complexity Analysis
References
I Post-Quantum Cryptography
Saber on ESP32
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Notation
2.2 Saber
2.3 Polynomial Multiplication
2.4 Platform
3 Kronecker Substitution
3.1 KS1 and KS2
3.2 Utilizing the Big Integer Coprocessor
4 Implementation
4.1 Polynomial Multiplication Using Kronecker Substitution
4.2 Random Generation
4.3 Using CPU Idle Time
4.4 Dual Core Acceleration
4.5 Generation of the Matrix A
5 Results
5.1 Implementation Performance
5.2 Comparison with Related Work
6 Conclusion
References
The Lattice-Based Digital Signature Scheme qTESLA
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Notation
3 The Signature Scheme qTESLA
3.1 Parameter Description
4 Security and Instantiations of qTESLA
4.1 Provable Security in the QROM
4.2 qTESLA's Security and the R-LWE Hardness
4.3 Hardness Estimation of Our Instances
4.4 Parameter Sets
5 Implementation and Performance Evaluation
5.1 Portable C Implementation
5.2 AVX2 Optimizations
5.3 Performance on x64
5.4 Comparison
References
Secure Two-Party Computation in a Quantum World
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Notation
2.2 Encryption
2.3 Oblivious Transfer
2.4 Description of Yao's Protocol
3 Post-Quantum Secure Oblivious Transfer
3.1 Post-Quantum Secure OT from AHE
3.2 Post-Quantum Secure Oblivious Transfer Extension
4 Implementation and Performance Evaluation
4.1 Post-Quantum Yao Implementation and Performance
4.2 Post-Quantum OT Implementation and Performance
5 Post-Quantum Security of Yao's Garbled Circuits
References
Further Optimizations of CSIDH: A Systematic Approach to Efficient Strategies, Permutations, and Bound Vectors
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 General Framework for Optimization
2.2 Mitigating Leakage Under Arbitrary Strategies
2.3 Two-Point Method and Parallelization
2.4 Splitting Isogenies into Multiple Batches (SIMBA)
2.5 General Algorithm
3 Optimization Methods
3.1 Optimizing the Strategies
3.2 Optimizing the Permutations
3.3 Optimizing the Bound Vector
3.4 The Complete Optimization Methodology
4 Implementation
5 Conclusions
References
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Applied Cryptography and Network Security

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