Breakthrough
Description
Breakthrough fills the knowledge gap for mathematical and computer modeling of carbon dioxide (CO2) elimination in underwater breathing apparatus (UBA). The intended audience is every UBA designer or diver interested in a better understanding of scrubber canisters and metabolic CO2 elimination. It introduces the reader to a new form of stochastic modeling using cellular automata to quantify and visualize the complex thermokinetics of the carbon dioxide absorption reactions that keep divers alive during rebreather diving.
This technical monograph provides insights into the hidden chemical and mechanical machinery of rebreather scrubbers, a primary Underwater Life Support System component. The topic is most relevant to the categories of Life Support Systems, Technical Diving, and Rebreather Diving. It also pertains to the categories of Mathematical Modeling and Computer Modeling.
More details
Content
- Intro
- Praise For Breakthrough
- Diving Novels By The Author
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgments
- Preface
- Contents
- Figure Legends
- Glossary
- Chapter 1. Introduction
- A Little Sodalime History-the U. S. Navy Perspective
- To That End
- Carbon Dioxide Absorption
- Size Characteristics of Granular Sodalime
- Chapter 2. Background
- Unmanned Canister Duration Tests
- A Military Oxygen Rebreather
- Residence Time
- Chapter 3. Prior Research
- U.S Navy, Washington D.C
- Institute of Naval Medicine, Yugoslavia
- University of Florida
- Nedu
- Chapter 4. Mathematical Models
- Approach
- Specifics
- Derivation of Breakthrough Equation
- Variables
- Unmanned Testing Variation
- Physiological Factor Variation
- Human Data Distributions
- Absorbent Mass
- Oxygen Consumption
- Respiratory Exchange Ratio
- Ventilatory Equivalent
- Sampling Error
- Propagation of Error
- Monte Carlo Analysis
- Conclusion
- Chapter 5. Computer Models
- Synchronicity
- Stochastic Simulated Physical Model
- Diving Application
- Chemistry
- Decoupling Work and Ventilation
- Porosity
- Canister Insulation
- Simulation Scaling
- Nanoscale variability
- Macroscale variability
- Reaction Initiation
- Water Temperature
- Radial Canisters
- Flow Rate Dependency
- Real Data
- Carbonate Deposition
- The Power of Simulation
- Linear Flow
- Simulating the Impossible
- Cellular Automata
- Summary
- Chapter 6. Applications
- Cold-Soaked Canisters
- Thermal Conductivity
- Absorbent Granule Size Distributions
- Friability
- Absorbent Lot Variability
- Specialized Canisters
- Predive Decision Making
- Resistance Matters
- Resistance Limits
- Interactions
- Down the Rabbit Hole
- Planned Canister Durations
- Physiological Variation
- Chapter 7. Cfd
- Ansys CFX 13.0
- FlexPDE
- CFD Contribution to the U.S. Navy
- Chapter 8. Conclusions
- Summary of Relevant Factors
- References
- Appendix A: Color Mapping
- Appendix B: Ergun Equation
- Appendix C: "Work Of Breathing" And Flow Resistance
- Without Integral Calculus
- Rebreather Corrections
- Remember This
- Appendix D: Nuckols, Purer And Deason
- Appendix E: A Hyperbolic Case
- Appendix F: Cluster Index
- Appendix G: Supplementary Images
- Index
- About The Author
